Formational kusvika

Pane 2 huru nzira kuti adzidze kukura kwenzanga uye mamiriro - civilizational uye formational. Chokutanga inobva chokwadi kuti chokuratidza kuti typology Parizvino pamwero yebudiriro kunyika dzakasiyana.

Formational kusvika kuna kudzidza kwenzanga kunoda kuti nzira munhoroondo kukura vanhu rinopfuura mamwe matanho (inotungamirwa) vakasiyana mumwe chawo uye superstructure. Mutsindo vamiririri rechipiri kusvika vari Marx uye Shona.

Órgãos - kare mhando vanhu, iro kunobva imwe nzira inoshandiswa nhumbi. Hwaro zvose zvemagariro ukama maererano pamusoro, vari kushanda.

Órgãos kusvika zvinosanganisira pfungwa dzakadai superstructure uye chawo. Last zvinoreva raora ukama mu nokure upfumi, zvichiitika pakuburitswa, kuchinjanisa, kuparadzirwa uye kudyiwa zvinhu. Yezvakaita ukama okuwana hakunei pfungwa uye ndichaita, zviri kuchinjwa kuitika pamwero uye zvinodiwa chero zvinhu mauto zvibereko ukama izvi. Vachitungamirirwa superstructure imwe yakatarwa yokupira, zvechitendero, vezvematongerwo enyika uye mamwe maonero uye mafungiro. The nemamiriro superstructure kunobvumirwa magariro ukama munharaunda, mamwe mhuri, upenyu uye mararamiro.

Formational zvinoreva pfungwa iri chokwadi kuti somugumisiro kukura kugadzirwa mauto uye dzinovapa zvakakodzera maindasitiri ukama, izvo kutsiva yaivapo uye tsanangura pakuonekwa nokuumbwa itsva.

Nokuti mumwe nomumwe wavo kunoratidzwa zvimwe zvinokosha siyana muridzi uye kuzivikanwa mune zvematongerwo enyika uye vari upfumi kutungamirira zvidzidzo. Agrarian budiriro dzinoenderana padariro chinyakare, muranda, feudal nenzanga. Capitalist - Industrial budiriro. Higher inotungamirwa kwainzi muKomonisiti, izvo kubva Marxist nemaonero inobva zvakanakisisa, zveupfumi zvikuru dzakabudirira hwaro.

By Marx pachake chinosiyanisa idzodzo matatu - chikuru, yechipiri uye tertiary. Primary aiona yakasarira (zvekare), yechipiri - zvoupfumi, yaisanganisira zvenhaka, Asia, feudal uye capitalist (Bourgeois) kugadzirwa nzira, tertiary - TBN. Kureva, maererano nepfungwa iyi, paumbwe ndiyo imwe neimwe yenhoroondo mberi, mumwe nomumwe iri zvishoma nezvishoma uye muropa kuunza vanhu pedyo communism.

Formational kusvika kunosanganisira kutanga kugara, kusingazununguki uye mberi kusanduka kwenzanga kubva rezasi kusvikira kune rokumusoro mhando chokuita nokuchinja uye kusimudzira ukama okuwana. The nechepakati pfungwa dzidziso ndechokuti kuchinja idzodzo kunoitika kuburikidza mukirasi kurwisa uye munzanga chimurenga, chisarudzo yokurwisana achishandisa zvematongerwe enyika, anomuka pakati nechigadziko uye superstructure.

Formational kusvika kuna typology ari mamiriro iri inobva Marxist dzidziso kutsivana socio-zvoupfumi idzodzo. Historical mhando ehurumende (akasunungura nhapwa, feudal uye ipapo capitalist, mugovanisi) unoenderana nomumwe wavo.

Formational kusvika ane payakaipira dzakawanda:

• It riite basa zvoupfumi muupenyu paruzhinji;
• vakarerutsa basa superstructure pakunamata uye zvimwewo;
• yokufanoronga kana kuti kufanofunga pakati enhoroondo muitiro ;
• nhoroondo budiriro kunoitika unilinearly;
• kutyira zvinhu maonero.

Pari paumbwe nzira iri zvichishandurwa zvikuru broadly. Nhoroondo yevanhu ichaongororwa kubva zvokusvika kugara mberi nokuda kukura inobereka mauto.