"Freken Julie", mutambo weSweden playwright August Strindberg: kuongorora kwechitamba

MuMoscow, pakanga paine mutambo mukuru wekugadzirwa kwaAugust Strindberg we "Freken Julie." The Theatre of Nations, umo Yevgeny Mironov akashanda semutungamiri wemhizha, akakokwa mutambo unozivikanwa nemukuru weGermany Thomas Ostermayer.

Iko yepakutanga yegadzirwa yakarongedzwa kamwe chete. Mushure mezvo, basa racho rakarambidzwa nokuda kwezvikonzero zvekutsvaga. Nhasi, "Freken Julie" ibasa rinoratidzwa pamatanho emitambo nenyika dzakawanda dzenyika, uye dzinonakidzwa nekududzirwa kunoshamisa. MuMoscow, nhau yeStindberg yakawana ruzha rutsva zvachose, uye chiito chetambo chakaendeswa kuRussia muzana remakore rechi21.

Kutanga kunofadza

Sezvakafananidzwa mberi kwekushanda muchikanda chakaiswa muhupamhi hwechitambo, vataridzi vanogona kuona mufananidzo wakadai: mukadzi anotsemuka, mushure mekunge anonyatsodzivisa chicken. Netsoka dzekufa dzakasuruvara uye hurumende dzakasimba dzekufamba kwemupa unoita mafungiro anodiwa - vanogadzirira vataridzi kuti vataure hurukuro.

Yevgeny Mironov akakoka Thomas Ostermeier kuti atungamirire kugadzirwa kwemutungamiriri, nokuti anozivikanwa zvikuru pamusana pekukwanisa kwake kuparadzanisa ukama hwevanhu uye kupinda mune zvepfungwa dzevakadzi. Mironov, achitaura manzwiro ake emabasa emuGerman mutungamiri, akati zviitiko zvake zvinokonzera kushamiswa kwechokwadi, kuti ane shungu uye ane utsinye mukuratidza kwepfungwa yake pachigamba. Zvisinei, mutambo "Freken Julie" wakabuda wakasiyana - maererano naVironov, mutungamiri akaita zvingangoita maonero aKekhov.

Nhoroondo yekusika kwechitamba

MuSweden playerwright August Strindberg akaisa mutambo wake muna 1889. Zvisinei, mushure mekutanga kwekuratidza, yakarambidzwa. Chikonzero chezvakaitika chiri muchigadziro chebasa, chisingagoni kuonekwa munguva yerudo rwema19th century.

Pakati pechirongwa rudo rwakashata rwevanhu kubva kune rumwe rutivi rwemagariro evanhu. Mufumi akanaka anoisa mukati mekuda kwemoyo wake uye anova tenzikadzi wemuranda mumba mababa vake - mutungamiri Jean. Ukama huri pakati pevarwi hahusi chinhu chakakomba, ndezvechimiro - mufananidzo wakadaro, zvirokwazvo, wakanga usinganzwisisiki zvachose. Zvibereko zvakaitwa naAugust Strindberg, zvakatangazve makore 17 chete gare gare.

Shanduro yechiRussia

Sezvatotaurwa, mutariri weRussia aigona kuona kuverenga kutsva kwechitamba. Yakatumirwa kuRussia yemazuva ano nhoroondo ye "Freken Julie." The Theatre of Nations under the leadership of the playwright Mikhail Durnenkov akatarisira kugadzira shanduro yakadaro yeklasi yekugadzira iyo iri pedyo uye inonzwisisika pamwoyo yevateereri. Basa guru rinoitwa nevatambi vanozivikanwa uye vane tarenda zvikuru - Yevgeny Mironov naChulpan Khamatova. Izvo chete mukududzirwa kwechitambo Mironov anoita mutyairi, uye Khamatova ndiye mwanasikana weiligarch. Hunhu hukuru hunosuruvarisa, zvichikonzera manzwiro akawanda anopesana, mufananidzo.

Shanda pa "Freken Julia"

Kupfuura makore maviri kwakange kune hurukuro pamusoro pekubatana pamwe nemutungamiriri. Somugumisiro, Ostermeier akabvuma kwete kwete chete nokuti tsika dzeRussian theatre dzakasimba chaizvo. Akanga achifarirawo nhoroondo chaiyo yemutambo, iyo iyo kuverenga kutsva kwakaitika muRussia muzana remakore rechi21.

Mutevedzeri akabvuma kuti iye pachake haana kudzidza chiRussia chaicho, ndicho chikonzero mutambi wemutambo akabvuma muzvinhu zvose uye haana kugadzirisa chero chinhu kubva pane zvaaida. Mukuwedzera, Ostermeier akaona kuti mukugadzirwa kwe "Freken Julia" vashandi veRussia vane tarenda vaibatanidzwa, vakakwanisa kugovera chiito nekudzika kwemanzwiro avo.

Kutanga kwekuita

Chiito chekutamba "Freken Julia" nokukurumidza kunotora mucherechedzo wacho nehurukuro inonakidza yehurukuro, uye inokura nekuwedzera nokukurumidza. Iko protagonist inopa mudzimai wake. Mukunda weiligarch Julia kokutanga muupenyu hwake ari musangano revanhuwo zvavo. Mhandara Cristina anosarudza kukanganwira muroori uyo akamutengesa. Magamba ekupedzisira anowanikwa mumanzwiro avo uye hukama hwavo. Julia anoona nzira imwe chete kubva mumamiriro ezvinhu akaedza kuzviuraya. Uye zviitiko izvi zvose zvinoshamisa zvinopesana nemamiriro ekunze kwechando.

The main character

Frecken Julie akava chiratidzo che heroine munguva yedu, unhu uye nyika yepakati iyo dzimwe nguva inotsanangurwa se "semi-junior-half-male". Muoni anogona kungoona husiku humwe kubva paupenyu hwe heroine - husiku hwekupedzisira. Mumutauro wepakutanga, Julie ndiye mwanasikana wekuverenga uyo, akasara oga muusiku hwaIvanov mumba nevashumiri, anokwereta kumuedzo wekudiwa nelackey yababa vake Jean. Mushure meizvi, heroine, asingakwanisi kukurira kunyadziswa, inoparadza upenyu hwake nokuzviuraya. Ikupedzisira kutuka kweHylieical hysterical kunotsanangurwa nevatsvakurudzi sezviratidzo zvekunyadziswa kwakakwana kwevanhu.

Frecken Julie haana kunyatsogadzirira hupenyu, haazivi kuti sei uye haadi kurarama. Anonzwa semumwe mutorwa kwose kwose uye anonyangadzwa nezvinhu zvose. Uye, chinotonyanya kutyisa, musikana wacho haakwanisi zvachose, nenzira yokufananidzira kutaura, kutarisa mberi, haaoni chero ramangwana rake pachako. Vatsvakurudzi vazhinji vezvenyanzvi vanogadzirisa maonero avo pamusoro pehutano hwe heroine chaiyo mumashoko ekunyora kumutambo. MuchiStindberg mune kunyanya kudada, uye zvakasimba kwazvo zvinotaura kuti mumutambo "Freken Julie" akakwanisa kuratidza vateereri unhu hutsva hwakakwana. Maitiro aJules, maererano naye, anonyatsokurudzirwa, uye nguva yake inosuruvara inotsanangurwa nenhamba dzakawanda dzemagariro evanhu-zvepfungwa uye kunyange zvipatara. Unhu hwemusikana, pasina mubvunzo, hwakasimba, hunopenya, zvisinei nekushamisika.

Zvikonzero zve "kuwira"

Sei hupenyu hwemusikana akadzidza akapfuma zvakadaro zvakashata? Chimiro chemusikana wacho chinoparara kamwechete zvinhu zvakawanda zvakasiyana. Pamuviri wemwana, hauna kunyatsobva kune imwe nzvimbo, nekuda kweiyo mumweya wayo inowedzera hutano hwevanhu. Yakakonzera kuguma kwe heroine uye dzidzo dzisina kukodzera dzepabonde, pamwe nezvimwe zvinhu zvisingafanoonekwi mumhuri yake. Haisi basa rakanyanya rinotambidzwa neruzivo rwepanyama uye rwepfungwa zvakasiyana naJulilie's mind thinking. Izvo zvose izvi zviri pedyo zvikuru nebasa rekupedzisira raStindberg, izvo zvinonzi "mitambo yekamuri", iyo yakaberekwa anenge makore makumi maviri gare gare, "Freken Julie."

Chinokosha chaJulie unhu hwake

Chinangwa chakakosha chemufananidzo wehutano mukuru ndicho chinangwa chekuwa kwake, pakutanga kwakarongerwa mukurota kwekasikana kudzokorora. Chii chinoitika kwaari mumashoko acho zvakare, ndeyechokwadi chaiyo yekurota uku. Mumusikirwo wemunyori wechitamba, kurara ndicho chikamu chakakosha chekufungidzira. Mune dzimwe nguva "kamitambo yekamuri", iyo, iwe unogona kutaura, hapana ma heroes, uye kune vanhu chete, vanorarama zvakanyatsoenderana nemitemo yehope. Iyo Julie, kunyange iri pachena, inobvumira tsitsi uye ruzivo rwe heroine - anorarama nemitemo yakafanana. Mune imwe nzira, musikana uyu "akavezwa kubva pane zvimwe zvinhu zvakafanana nemaroto edu." Chii chinoitika kwaari pachigadziro, hachikwanisi kuderedzwa ku "kazhinji" kowakawanda we "countess" nemushandi-lackey. Mukumutora kuburikidza nehope dzisina kukwana, gomba risina kufanira rakadzika kudarika chinhu ichi nemunhu anonzi footman. Uye hazvisi pangozi kuti mumutambo we Countess Julie anotanga kutaura pamusoro pezviroto.

Kurota kwakarongeka chaizvo

Musikana anorota kuti anoramba achikwevera pasi, akadzika uye akadzika, asi ichocho ndicho chimwe chinhu chinodzivisa uye hachisi kumurega. Zvaanoda "pasi", Julie anoziva zviri mukati, kunyange zvazvo asingazvioni nemafungiro ake, saka chisarudzo chekuputsa hupenyu hwake nekuzviuraya chinoratidzika kwaari kuti ndiyo chete yakarurama. Zvisinei, heroinewo inoponda kuzviuraya, sekunge iri muchiroto - inoratidzika kunge iri munharaunda ye hypnosis, isingazivi zvachose chiri kuitika kwaari. Iyo Julie, uyo ane pfungwa uye mweya wake ndeye nyika yenotota, nyika inofadza, inonzwisisa chinhu chimwe chete: kusagadzikana kwekuguma kwako pachako. Asi unhu hwehutano hwe heroine huri hunove hunove huripo, rutivi rwehupenyu hwake, Julie, runobatawo izvo zvinogona kunzi nyika chaiyo chaiye, pamwe nenyika iyo iyo jekini yaJean, uye kunyanya mubiki Christina, yakasimbiswa zvakasimba, inomiririra kugadzikana kwakasimba kwechokwadi. Julie chisikwa chakanyanya kusimba, chisingachinji, chinogara chichivhiringidzwa nemweya pakati pezvaanenge achirota uye kuti anoona sei chokwadi.

Chikamu chinobudirira chechimiro chake chinoratidzwa mukurwadziwa kwemukati kunetseka: pane kutya uye tariro isina simba asi ichiripo, uye kuedza kuchinja zviitiko. Maererano nevatsoropodzi, Julie anogunun'una zvikuru mukuedza kuva nemwoyo wose neackey uyo asingakwanisi kumunzwisisa nekuda kwekusanganisa kwake kwakasiyana zvakasiyana siyana. Asi musikana anongoda kutaura, uye haana hanya kuti ndiani, asi ane zvakawanda zvokutaura naye uye hakuna mumwe. Mukuwedzera, ndiJean anosarudza kushandisa heroine sechimbo che "chimbo" chekuzviuraya.

Ongororo pamusoro pemabasa eMoscow

"Freken Julie" anongororere vateereri zvinopesana chaizvo, sekuti, zvechokwadi, mazvikokota akawanda emitambo, kunyanya nehutano hwemagariro evanhu. Nenzira yakawanda, mhinduro isina kunaka kubva kuvatarisi yakabatana, maererano navo, nechisimba chisina kukodzera chinoratidzwa munzvimbo iyo muzvikamu zvekuuraya kwekuku uye imbwa. Mukuwedzera, mazwi akawanda anotaura kuti chisarudzo chekuendesa chiito chemukana kuRussia yemazuva ano chakashaya chinangwa chechinhu chipi nechipi chinoreva, nokuti chii chakanga chiri "kuwa" nematambudziko muzana remakore rechi19, nyika yemazuva ano inoratidzika isinganyengeri. Vamwe vanocherechedza kuti mushure mekutarisa mutambo iwo ane doro rakaoma pamweya yavo.

Zvechokwadi, usakanganwa kuti izvi ndezvomunhu oga maonero, achivimba zvakakwana pane zvingava kukanganisa. Uyezve, basa racho harina zvinyorwa zvinyorwa zvakanaka, izvo zvinowanzoenda kumusambo wakaisvonaka wevatambi vanogara mumatambo evanhu vanorarama uye vanozvipa pabasa ravo vasina tsanangudzo. Hazvishamisi kuti maitiro "Freken Julie" akatengeswa kwegore rinopfuura rimwe, uye mumwe nomumwe wavo anotora zvaanoona kubva pane zvaakaona pachigamba.