Geosphere - zviri muupenyu hwedu paNyika

Uyo akaenda kuchikoro, anoziva kuti Geosphere - marongera mukati uye kunze kwenyika, izvo vangava nziyo dzakasiyana uye zvivako. Kune akawanda akaturikidzana vakadaro. In Munyaya yedu tichataura zvishomanana pamusoro ndezvipi chikuru geosphere, sei akasiyana uye chii basa ravo. ruzivo urwu mukuru uchava ichifarirwa kwete chete kune vanhu nenyanzvi kudzidza maumbirwo akaturikidzana Nyika, asiwo vanhuwo vaverengi kuti zvakafanana kukura.

The vakawanda pfungwa uye mhando

Órgãos nyika rakauya nokumuprofita Kusiyanisa zvinhu, mauri akaturikidzana akaumbwa zvakasiyana maitiro uye chinangwa. Sezvambotaurwa, Geosphere- - iri marongera kudaro. Zvinofadza kuti munyaya akapoteredza nyika. Kana ukatanga kunzwisisa paNyika geosphere goko kubva mukati, tinogona kuona mufananidzo zvinotevera:

1. The yomukatikati rukoko yepasi - zviri pamwoyo.
2. Nejasi achitenderera pokupedzisira.
3. Inotevera rukoko ndiyo goko pachayo.
4. Uyezve, panguva paumbwe rine mvura uye mhepo deko. Zvose, nyika ine simba rinonzi magnetic uye rinokweva munda.

Kuurungana kwakasiyana kunyanya arambe achirema zvinhu hunoumba kwayo sezvamunoita. pane rizere rukoko pakati Pasi, uyewo kure pakati arambe achirema kunodzikira. akaturikidzana All zviripo chaiyo ukama nomumwe. Mumwe rukoko chinopinda kupinda vamwe, uye tinogona kuona kuvapo imwe rukoko kune mumwe, etc. Unogona kutaura pamusoro voga pakati Geosphere, nokuti zvose titsigire. Uye ikoku tinonzwisisa apo tinotarisa mumwe rukoko yoga. Vazhinji Uchashamisika paakaziva kuti Geosphere - ichi ndizvo vakatipoteredza.

moyo

rukoko Iri rizere chimiro. Ndiko kuti, mapuraneti yomukati geosphere, uye riri chaizvo pakati kwayo. Kana isu kuyera chitarisiko musimboti, ndiko bhora ine Ukobvu anodarika zviuru zviviri makiromita. The sezvamunoita ine mvura makirisito inotungamirwa, umo murwiyo ndiyo simbi yakanyungudutswa, nickel, uye nesarufa. The nharaunda pamusoro rukoko urwu - anenge matatu nehafu chiuru makiromita. Uyezve, chinoumba une zvikamu zviviri: nechinzwano zvekunze. tembiricha yavo yakakura kwazvo zvokuti zvakaoma bereka chaizvoizvo ane - 4 chiuru madhigirii ..

Nyanzvi dzinotsanangura kuti musimboti wakakurira ingaita kuti nyika chidhayinamo. Izvi zvinoitika sei? Liquid mukati pasi inotungamirwa inongogara kutamira nokuda majana kumativi ayo akabatana. misha iri musimboti chinokonzera pamberi remagineti munyika. Vanodzidza vachiri kuramba kudzidza zvose zviri inopisa mwoyo paNyika.

nejasi

Kukurukura geosphere dzenyika, zvinotevera zvinokosha kutaura nejasi. rukoko urwu ane kupfuura venyika - anenge maviri-muzvitatu vayo vakawanda. Iye anewo repamusoro uye dzapasi. Kana ashandurwe makiromita, rezasi chikamu anogona kutora kusvika zviuru zviviri makiromita, uye musoro - zvishoma pane zviuru makiromita. Vanodzidza kare akaunganidzawo ruzivo pamusoro chii inoitwa nguo mbiri. Vakatora mimwe kubva Earth uye kubva pasi penyanza, uye vakasvika zvavanotaura:

• sechikamu jasi iri, silicates uye simbi;
• Nejasi mamiriro ari muchimiro crystals, vari mudunhu iri chete nokuda guru kumanikidzwa; iri pakatarisana nyaya, muprista tembiricha (2500 ° C) kwaizokonzera utsotso;
• Yokumusoro jasi vari mvura ezvinhu, kana panzvimbo yayo yakaderera chikamu; rukoko urwu rudzi nemarara nokuda lithosphere, iyo kwakafanana akayangarara pasherufu pamusoro.

Kazhinji, akaturikidzana izvi zvose zvakakwana chinjwa hama nevamwe uye anogona kuchinja mamiriro munhu zvakaoma munhu mapurasitiki, zvichienderana mutoro.

lithosphere

Next zvinozoita Geosphere - zviri lithosphere. rukoko urwu riri pasherufu ane Ukobvu anenge zana makiromita. Tinoziva kuti chikamu nyika sezvo goko Wepasi. Zvinonzi kusiyaniswa High Rigidity pamwe kunyanya fragility. Granites basalts uye kuti kubva kumusoro kusvikira pasi. Relief goko iri muzvikamu zviviri:

• gungwa,
• Continental.

kwemarudzi maviri aya usiyane mumwe uye murwiyo uye mamiriro. Kana tikafunga mhando Continental lithosphere, ayo chapamusoro rinoumbwa chaizvoizvo kuti zvinhu zvakadai okisijeni, nesilicon, aruminiyamu, simbi, calcium, magnesium, yavaibvisa uye potassium. Tinogona kutaura kuti chikamu ichi chine girenayiti pamatombo, asi vanotonyanya basaltic magma. Ocean sechikamu nguva dzose yaiva pazasi pegungwa, izvo zvinoreva kuti haina chokuita kuchinja ndavhiyiwa muvhu chikamu nedanho shanduka. The pedyo ari Oceanic bwendefa kuti kondinendi, zvikuru Ukobvu. Ivhu - zvanzi riri pechiso lithosphere. Kunenge pashure matambudziko zvinhu zvinoverengeka. Hazvina rukoko urwu uderedze zvakakodzera kusakarongeka pamwe zvakatipoteredza.

hydrosphere

Geosphere ichi - zvanzi ratinoti mvura okutanga nyika. Izvi zvinosanganisira zvose mvura Panyika, mune chero mamiriro inowanikwa: mvura, yakasimba, gaseous. Ichi chichiitwa rukoko kubva mvura anoumba denderedzwa. rukoko urwu anoratidzwa panyika pamakungwa, makungwa, uye nyanza nzizi, mvura pevhu uye mazitombo echando. Mvura ine rakasiyana ezvinhu-pfuma panyika.

chadenga

Uye, chokwadi, kutsanangura geosphere Nyika, mhepo hazvigoni kungotariswa. Ndiwo zvakaturikidzaniswa mhepo, iyo saka zvakakodzera kuti upenyu hwedu. Zviri rukoko urwu vachangobva kazhinji kutaura vasayendisiti uye vanoona. The Zvinoumba munda uyu anotarira seizvi:

• 78% - senitrogen;
• 21% - okisijeni;
• 1% - zvisingawanzoitiki magasi, rehydrogen, carbon dioxide.

Sezvo nhamba idzi dziri kuchinja, kutangira okunze shanduko uye zvinetso vagere panyika. For zvakakodzera upenyu panyika zvinodiwa ari nepakati nhamba.

The chadenga anewo wandei mitezo, izvo zvisingapindirani unhu hwavo. The chikuru kutsanangura maitiro ndiwo tembiricha uye kumanikidzwa neimwe rukoko. Saka, akaturikidzana kwakadaro Munokudzwa ari anoumba chadenga:

• troposphere;
• stratosphere;
• ionosphere;
• mesosphere;
• thermosphere;
• exosphere.

Vose akaturikidzana vari interconnected, uye zvose tinofanira kutarisira kubatsira upenyu pasi redu. The murombo Mamiriro rimwe geosphere hazvo kukanganisa ehupfumi vemamwe nzvimbo uye pakupedzisira zvakanyatsoenzana anonetseka.