Grapes: kudyara dhayagiramu chitubu

Nhasi ramazambiringa anozivikanwa pose, zvinoita kunoongwa kuti zvinonaka uye utano kumuromo nokuda waini zvikuru kuti chinoitwa winemakers. Shandira chakatanga muIjipiti yekare uye Mesopotamia ari 5-6 Millennium BC, asi akazviratidza refu asati murume.

Nhasi, kune 8.000 akasiyana mazambiringa, izvo 10 000 makore kurimwa dzinowanzotsigi- rinoumbwa kwemarudzi kwayo - American, East Asia uye Eurasian. Chikwata kazhinji akaisa mikoko ake munharaunda dzavo kana kuumba yakanaka mazambiringa Maberere mumatare.

The kusarudza nzvimbo yokudyara

pazororo Vakawanda rota kuva panzvimbo akakura zvinonaka uye noutano mazambiringa. Zano kudyara shrub ichi rinotanga chisarudzo nzvimbo. Zvinonzi kunoyerwa okunze uye nzvimbo pebindu:

• Kana chirimo yakaoma uye hapana mukana kakawanda achidiridzira, zvinokwanisika kuti kuronga wemizambiringa panzvimbo pedyo zvikuru pasi.
• Kana chirimo akadzikama, mazambiringa kurwisana nekuda kupisa, saka rinogona kuponesa akapoteredza mumakwenzi kudyara miti kuti zvichaita kuiita.
• Scheme kudyara mazambiringa ari nyorovera okunze kunoda dzinongoitika kana hombe yakatenuka kuti kufefetedza zvakanaka. Nemiti zvinofanira kudyarwa mhiri kuti Madhaka, izvo kuumbwa kana anodiridza, kwete akaadzura pasi.
• Kakawanda Chikwata vanosarudza kudyara mizambiringa pedyo neimba. chakasimwa zano iri iyi anotora shoma chinhambwe kubva maumbirwo 2 m. Izvi zvinodzivirira hwaro kubva cracking walnut.

Zvinokosha kuti remangwana kukohwa kukuru ndiko kugadzirira ivhu vasati kudyara mazambiringa.

ivhu gadziriro

Zano yekudyara mazambiringa muchirimo achipfeka kugadzirira kumhara Makomba. Nokuti chirimwa ichi iri nani loam uye jecha loam dzenyika, asi zvimwe marudzi ivhu zvinogonawo akaderedzwa. Nokuti ivhu dema Somuenzaniso, wedzera jecha zvakakwana uye fetiraiza, uye kukurumidza kukura mizambiringa yakabva kumwe inopiwa.

Kugadzirira makomba ekudyara yaifanira kana kuwa, kana kwevhiki 3-6 vasati kudyara kuchekwa. Panguva ino, gomba kuchagadzirisa, uye akaita kuti zvichaitwa kutombozivikanwa muchiKristu fetiraiza ivhu ndokuwarira pamusoro payo.

Nemazvo akachera gomba, sezvinoratidzwa mazambiringa chakasimwa muenzaniso (mufananidzo pazasi), vanofanira parameters 60h60h60 masendimita kana kupfuura. Kana gomba vachera yakaorera pasi rukoko anofanira kuronga kuti isa fotereza. Ita nyore, vachisanganisa ivhu manyowa nechirongo madota. Rezasi rukoko yakanga yakasanganiswa norukangarabwe uye jecha uye akaisa pamusoro pasi Makomba raitevera paiva 20-25 masendimita - .. Fertile nourume muvhenganiswa mumwe 20-25 masendimita inoteverwa kugadzirira chakasimwa zvinhu.

Kugadzirira mizambiringa yakabva kumwe uye kuchekwa

Scheme 2 kunosanganisira zvakadyarwa mazambiringa nzira - cheka kana mizambiringa yakabva kumwe.

Kudyara kuchekwa ndiko zvemichina yaro:

• Chibouk mazambiringa yaanofanira zvirimwa wokutanga. Kuti izvi zvidaro, banga rakapinza akagura rezasi chikamu pedyo nechepasi eyelet, uye musoro akasiya 2-3 masendimita pamusoro pamusoro eyelet yemizambiringa.
• Kugovana zvakafanira soka kuti mwando, izvo zvinonzi akaisa mvura yakachena kuti 2 kwemazuva.
• Pashure shank vakazadzwa mvura, yokumusoro chikamu anofanira dzichinyikwa yakanyungudutswa Paraffin, uye kuiswa yakaderera kukura rinodhaka yakagadzirwa 1 yetea uchi muna 1 fő mvura. Soaking mhinduro kuchekwa pazuva.

Pashure paizvozvo, vakuru shank anogona usimwe yakagadzirirwa yokudyara buri. To kuchekwa kumera mhanyisa, unogona kutakura kubuda regadziriro basa muna February, achiisa navo epurasitiki mikombe kana hombodo. Vapedza rokutanga basa muchirimo kusango haringavi dambudziko kudyara mazambiringa. chakasimwa zano rinotanga pakugadzirira mugaba:

• Tinofanira kucheka pamitsipa bottle kuti buri pasi.
• Nechepasi akadurura abudise, uye pamusoro payo 7-8 unyanzvi. pochvosmesi nezvirongo.
• Kuudza rakapinzwa bhotoro arisase sawdust steamed.
• Tiza kufukidza mukombe mupurasitiki ndokuriisa hwindo sill pamusoro kuine divi, deploying achicheka ziso nepahwindo.
• Hombodo zvinofanira kuiswa tireyi uye kutakura nokudiridza, achidurura mumvura kusvika 0.5 cm.

Magaba, hombodo pasina chikonzero kubvisa kusvikira mabukira haangazorori mavari kunyatsotevera. Tembiricha, iyo inodiwa kurima mizambiringa yakabva kumwe ndiko +20 ... +25 inegumi. Saka, panguva kumhara mu rakavhurika muvhu chibouks kupa midzi yakasimba uye mizambiringa kukurumidza kuenda kukura.

Kudyara mizambiringa yakabva kumwe emazambiringa

Scheme tichidyara mizambiringa yakabva kumwe mazambiringa zvikuru nyore. Kamwe takagadzirira yokudyara gomba iri midzi mizambiringa yakabva kumwe kuzovauraya, zvichisiya masendimita 10-15 chete pakureba. Panguva kudyara zvakakosha kuparadzira navo pamusoro pasi mugomba zvakaenzana ari chinhambwe 35-45 masendimita pachiso.

Vine yakarumbidza deva nenzira kwayo pakuzadzisa. Izvi zvichakubatsira putira majaya pamakwenzi muchando, waida kuti pasi.

The Midzi akafuka kare akagadzirira vasanganise pasi uye nokungwarira dira mvura inodziya. Kazhinji zvakakwana 2-3 migomo, ipapo ivhu mulching 5 masendimita peat kana kudimburwa mashanga uye uswa.

Kana nokuda zvichibvira chando, zvinomera anofanira kufukidza mabhokisi neusiku akagadzirwa makadhibhokisi kana epurasitiki firimu, kusvikira pavanenge simba.

Kutarisira mazambiringa pashure kudyara

Unoda kukura mazambiringa zvinonaka? Scheme chakasimwa mizambiringa yakabva kumwe kuchinjwa asingagari kuguma pachena muvhu. Zvakakosha kuti zvakanaka kutarisira vaduku kuchekwa:

• Grapes anofarira Loose ivhu pamwe kufefetedza rakanaka, saka kazhinji zvakakodzera kusunungura nyika.
• Kudiridza zvinofanira kuitwa chete pasi mudzi, kuti varege ivhu subsidence kwakaitika. In dzokutanga mavhiki maviri pashure yekudyara chirimwa inoda anodiridza zvikuru. Sezvo zvakafanira kujairana nzvimbo itsva. Kudiridza vanofanira kuva kakawanda uye yakawanda, kunyanya kana mamiriro okunze ari pakaoma.
• Zvakakosha kuti tive nechokwadi kuti vaduku mizambiringa yakabva kumwe hapana akarurama, nekuti vanoda yakawanda chezuva kuti nokukurumidza kukura.
• Young mashizha anoda zvakawanda fertilization, izvo zvinogona urea. Chokutanga spraying rinoitwa achangopera mashizha zvichaita zvinoumba, chinotevera - pashure 2 weeks, kana tichasimbiswawo ndichibvunza kukura yemizambiringa. Uyezve spraying zano ose mazuva 30 kusvikira pakati September.

Kuita matanho nyore izvi nguva dzose, pashure 2 years, unogona kuwana simba uye noutano pamakwenzi uye wechitatu kuti vatore hwakasimba goho.

dziviriro

Majaya mizambiringa vachikura zvakazara, vanofanira kuchengetedzwa kubva zvipukanana uye nezvirwere, kunyanya nokuora. Young mumakwenzi vanoda tsime sprayed pamwe kugadzirisa hwemhangura sulphate pa 100 g muna 10 litres mvura.

Summer spraying rinoitwa ane mhinduro (25 d muna 10 litres mvura) Polychrome nokuti prophylaxis uye pashure mumwe mvura. chenjedzo ichi achadzivirira miti fungal zvirwere uye ora.