Inotungamirwa, Secondary dzidzo uye zvikoro
Harmonization kane Chirungu
In Chirungu, pane zvivakamutauro chakajairika, anozivikanwa somunhu kutevedzana, kana kuti kutenderwa nguva. Kana huru chikamu mutongo Predicate kuisa zvatoitika (kunyanya Kare Nokusingagumi), izvi zvichaita kunotoreva nokuchinja rechiito rinoumbwa omurume muvaravara. Kakawanda akadaro vanoshanda kunoitika kutendeutsa kutaura zvakananga kunyika isina kunanga kana zvakakodzera.
Harmonization zvenguva: netafura uye mitemo
Muzviitiko apo huru chikamu pfungwa iri slozhnopodchinonnogo rechiito mune chipo kana nezvichazoitika, shoko rechiito iri pasi zvikamu hakugumiri chero mitemo uye anogona kuva chero zvaaida duku chimiro. Zvisinei, kana rechiito iri huru acho, izvo anoita somunhu Predicate, akaisa rimwe rokupedzisira nguva, chechipiri zvinoda kuchinja chimwe hurongwa. In Russian, chiitiko ichi haako. Uyu ndiwo mumwe dzakawanda zvivakamutauro zviri vakabatwa ne Chirungu (nguva tendero). The tafura achaona musiyano.
| zvakananga kutaura | kunanga kutaura | ||
| Present boka nguva (zvechokwadi) | |||
Present Nokusingagumi (Simple) | Angela akati: "Ini ndinoshanda pariri." Angela akati, "Ndiri kushanda pairi." (Kuramba, nguva dzose kana nguva nenguva, nguva nenguva) | Past Nokusingagumi (Simple) | Anglela akati kuti aishanda pamusoro payo. Angela akati basa kuti (vakashanda) pairi. |
Present Progressive (Today) | Cecilia akatiudza: "Ini ndiri kushanda panguva ino". Cecilia akatiudza: "Ini ndiri kushanda panguva." | Past chichingoitwa (Progressive) | Cecilia akatiudza kuti akanga achishanda panguva iyoyo. Cecilia akatiudza kuti akanga akabatikana (kushanda) panguva iyoyo. |
| Present Perfect | Taifunga: "Mariya vakashanda kwazvo nhasi". Taifunga: "Mariya akaita basa guru nhasi." (Zvino zvinoonekwa mugumisiro) | Past Perfect | Takafunga kuti Mary akanga ashanda kwazvo kuti zuva. Takafunga kuti zuva Mariya akaita basa guru. |
Present Perfect chichingoitwa | Camilla vanotsutsumwa: "Ndave kushanda kwemaawa mashanu pamwechete. Camille anonyunyuta: "Ndave kushanda kwemaawa mashanu pamusara." | Past Perfect chichingoitwa | Camilla vakanyunyuta kuti akanga achishanda kwemaawa mashanu pamwechete. Camille akanyunyuta kuti anomanyira kwemaawa mashanu pamusara. |
| Past boka nguva (akatungamira) | |||
| Past Nokusingagumi (Simple) | Clara aishanda pamba. Clara aishanda pamba. | Past Perfect | Takazoziva kuti Clara ndashanda kumba. Takadzidza kuti Clara yaiparidza pamba. |
| Past chichingoitwa (Progressive) | Iye kuziva: "Daria akanga achishanda pano nezuro". Iye anoziva: "Daria vakashanda pano nezuro." | Past Perfect chichingoitwa | Aiziva kuti Daria akanga achishanda imomo yapfuura zuva. Aiziva kuti Daria mubheka nezuro. |
| Past Perfect | Maria akati: "Ndakanga ndashanda zvakanaka". Mary akati: "Ndakaita basa rakanaka." | Past Perfect | Maria akanga nechokwadi chokuti akanga ashanda zvakanaka. Maria akanga nechokwadi chokuti zvakashanda zvakanaka. |
Past Perfect chichingoitwa | Diana akatiudza: "Ndakanga kushanda kuti chirongwa kwemakore maviri". Diane akatiudza: "Ndave ndichishanda basa iri kwemakore maviri." | Past Perfect chichingoitwa | Zvikazikamwa kuti akanga kushanda kuti chirongwa kwemakore maviri. It chakazivikanwa kuti Diane vaishanda (kuna) racho kwemakore maviri. |
| Future Times Group (ramangwana) | |||
| Future Nokusingagumi | Ben akati: "Ndichaenda kushanda pairi" Ben akati: "Ini ndichaenda kushanda pamusoro." | Future Kare (Simple) | Ben akavimbisa kuti aizoita basa iri kuti. Ben akavimbisa kuti aizoita basa pairi. |
| Future chichingoitwa | Vakati kwandiri: "Richagarwa vachishanda". Ndakaudzwa: "Zvichatora kushanda." | Future chichingoitwa Kare | Ndakaudzwa kuti zvimwe iye vaizoshanda. Ndakaudzwa kuti kazhinji zvichava kushanda. |
| Future Perfect | Akafunga: "Ndichaenda kunge rakashandurwa bhuku rakanyorwa Sunday". Akafunga: "Ini ndichava kushandura bhuku rakanyorwa Sunday." | Future Perfect Kare | Akafunga kuti iye angadai rakashandurwa bhuku rakanyorwa Svondo. Akafunga kuti rakashandurwa bhuku rakanyorwa Svondo. |
Future Perfect chichingoitwa | By mangwana John achange kunge vachiverenga uye kushandura mabhuku aya kwemwedzi miviri. Mangwana chichava yokupedzisira mwedzi miviri, John sezvo mabhuku aya uye kuita shanduro. | The Perfect ari runoramba pamusoro Future Kare | Taizviziva kuti mangwana John ungadai kuverenga uye kushandura mabhuku iwayo kwemwedzi miviri. Taizviziva kuti mangwana vachava mwedzi miviri, John anoverenga uye anoshandurwa izvi (avo) mabhuku. |
Adverbs uye zvisazitasingwi
Kana kuchinja chokuita yezwi kunanga kutaura, transformations kuitika kwete zvivakamutauro siyana, asiwo vamwe sopustvuyuschih mashoko: adverbs uye zvisazitasingwi nguva.
- Akati: "Ndinoyemura mapopoma mu National Park nhasi". Akati: "Nhasi, ndinoyemura mapopoma ari National Park."
Akatiudza sei vayemura mapopoma iroro. - Iye akatiudza kuti kuyemura mapopoma pazuva.
- Iye akatiudza: "Nezuro ndakatenga zvokupfeka ichi samaragidhino". - Iye akatiudza: "Nezuro Ndakatenga ichi samaragidhino zvokupfeka."
Akatiudza kuti akanga atenga kuti tekoizi agadzire zuva pamberi. - Iye akatiudza kuti akatenga simaradhino rokwe nezuro.
modal verbs
Kushandiswa modal verbs pane zvimwe zvinhu. Kana Achitaurazve mumwe boka nguva dzimwe nguva vamwe kuchinja zvinoitwa.
Change modal verbs maererano zvinotevera hurongwa.
| zvakananga kutaura | kunanga kutaura |
| ko, vachaparidza | wakaramba |
| anogona | aigona |
| gona | simba |
| fanira | fanira (kana kubvuma ichi kana musoro) |
| fanira | aifanira (kana vanofanira nokuda zvekunze ezvinhu) |
| ko | fanira (kana zano iri) |
Akati: "Ini inogona kubhururuka kubva ndege". - Akati yaigona kubhururuka pakati ndege.
Akati: "Ndinoziva sei kudzora ndege." - Akati kuti aigona kudzora ndege.
Zvisinei, pane vakawanda verbs kuti handishanduki: fanira, usaba, waaida, aiva nani, aigona, nesimba, vanofanira, etc.
Kakawanda
Harmonization zvenguva hairevi zvose nyaya. Kune akawanda kunze:
1. Kana omurume acho anoreva mutemo chero kwesayenzi kana inozivikanwa chokwadi, iyo inogara ishande pasinei kufurirwa vanhu kana mafungiro, zvino nguva nhaurirano Kwabviswa.
- mudzidzisi wedu akaudza kuti mhepo uye mvura dziri zvakakodzera mhuka.
mudzidzisi wedu akati kuti mhepo uye mvura dziri mhuka zvakakodzera. - madzinza chinyakare havana kuziva kuti Pasi anoenda kunhivi musimboti wedu Solar ino - the Svondo
madzinza chinyakare havana kuziva kuti Pasi inotenderera musimboti redu renzou - zuva.
2. Kana kushandisa zviri SUBJUNCTIVE iri pasi chikamu rechiito hachivaiti panguva yakasiyana.
- Kana mhepo yaiva nechando, iye achida kuenda kumba. - Kana mhepo kwaitonhora, iye angadai zvaenda kumusha.
Ndakaziva kuti kana mhepo yaiva nechando , iye achida kuenda kumba. - Ndaiziva kuti kana mhepo kwaitonhora, iye angadai zvaenda kumusha.
Ichi chinoshamisa zvivakamutauro, sezvo harmonization nguva, husiri Russian. Tenzi iyi, haufaniri chete zvakanaka kunzwisisa mitemo, asi kushanda ari yakazvimirira kugadzirira vaitaura uye Nhaurirano nyaya. Imwe yenzira - a retelling of nhaurirano nemashoko ako pachako.
Similar articles
Trending Now