Human anatomi: nduru dundira, iyo nzvimbo, basa

Nduru dundira (gallbladder) anonzi kuti mutumbi zvomudumbu hurongwa kusvika makumi mashanu kusvika makumi manomwe cubic masendimita, izvo rinochengeta bile (kusvika makumi matanhatu milliliters), izvozvo anoita nevamwe ducts, rinotaura panguva chikafu yaunodya, saka, kuita chirongwa kugaya.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti ari gallbladder nzvimbo ndeichi: kodzero chiropa (chacho nechepazasi pechiso) pakati yechitatu uye chechina metatarsal mapfupa, uye ane peya serin'i, kuguma rinobuda chiropa (the kuonana nayo uye akabatanidza samambure rwengarava ropa ) panguva apo anobatana mbabvu rechisere uye rechipfumbamwe. Mumwe mugumo ane mirayiridzo chesuwo nokufukidzwa chiropa uye visceral peritoneum. The dhudhumira ane kureba gumi masendimita uye wakafara makubhiti masendimita anosvika mashanu, une tsandanyama masero. Saka midziyo uye peritoneum kugadzirisa nzvimbo yaro zvichivhiringidza motility. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, sefuro iri rakawunyana, chidimbu kana zai serin'i uye anogona kusvika yese makuru.

Kusiyanisa pakati pasi muviri, pamitsipa gallbladder, ivo kusika nyore chinhu chakakombama, migumo izvo vakatendeukira pasi kurutivi rworuboshwe. Kana munhu achangowana wehunyambiri nechinzvimbo, pasi sefuro dererei pane zvose wemigove matatu, ipapo pane mutumbi dundira, uye nokuda kwake - kuti cervix. Saka, pasi nduru dundira anoiswa pamberi chiropa (pa pamupendero wayo), mu zvisingawanzoitiki nguva haina kusvika kumucheto chiropa, kana kuvhara parenchyma kwayo.

Gallbladder muviri zvinenge zvose rinosanganisira peritoneum uye yakabatana transverse muura. Medially ndivo wegedhi duodenum. Kana lateral nzvimbo, nzvimbo gallbladder achava pedyo hunyambiri chikamu duodenum, chigadziko anobata zvakarurama itsvo.

Cervix gallbladder unoumba necheparutivi kutsauka mberi, zviri yakabatana kurutivi sefuro rworuboshwe uye anobata rworudyi bazi kuti portal tsinga.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti uchikurukura zvokudya duodenum, nduru dundira (idivi muviri ndiko, sezvo tichiziva), nokuveza, secretes bile, izvo kuburikidza ducts kupinda ura. Nokudaro bile ducts itsvo dziri pakati nemarunda, kurutivi rworudyi rweimba renal tsinga, vari rinotungamirirwa downwards uye chokuita kuti pancreatic mutsinga dzinofamba nemukaka.

Pane zvimwe zvikanganiso DGP, izvi zvinosanganisira vachiberekwa anomalies, akadai kuchinja ukuru hwaro uye chinzvimbo. Kakawanda, apo malformations gallbladder nzvimbo kwakaipa kana chose vasipo. Change muchiitiko ichi, uye ukuru hwaro uye kukwanisa. Anomalies zviri gallbladder angaperekedzwa kurwadziwa mbabvu vane kurudyi kana asymptomatic.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti sefuro ane nhatu akaturikidzana: kuti mucosa, tsandanyama rukoko uye fibrotic zvinosanganisira connective zvinyama uye peritoneal chokuyananisa. Muscular rukoko pamwe underdeveloped mucosa dzaiva dzakapararira pfupi fibers. masvingo aro vari arteries, mutsinga, midziyo uye utano hwake.

Cherechedza kuti gallbladder nzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana zvichienderana nezera uye bumbiro womunhu. Kazhinji ari Anterior abdominal rusvingo panzvimbo piringisha zvakanaka parasteralnaya mutsetse uye mutsetse unobva kumigumo mbabvu vane (nezvegumi) kana pachiyero 1-11 vertebrae.

Saka, yakasvika pakuzivikanwa, uko gallbladder. Kamwe zvakare, tinoona kuti ane zvakakosha basa sezvo munyaya nedanho kugaya. Kana paine chikonzero chinoita kuti gallbladder chabviswa, bile runoyerera zvishoma nezvishoma, uye ayo bactericidal zvivako haamo, saka, ari dumbu microflora akashatirwa, izvo chinoita marwadzo mudumbu. Mabasa ose sefuro iri nyaya akapfuura kuvana bile ducts.