IL-112: unhu uye kugadzirwa

Park transports Russian Air Force iri kukwegura nokukurumidza. Izvi zvinogona kusiya hanya mupomerwi dhipatimendi mamaneja vari kufarira kunonyanyisa mufambo dzemauto. Ndege kwemakumi emakore aishanda sehondo "workhorses" zvishoma nezvishoma vanopfeka pasi, yokutsiva zvikamu vari kuva zvishoma zvinowanikwa uye yakavimbika upenyu basa ANTONOV zvose hakusi hazviperi. Kufambira Mberi zvemichina kunoitawo kuti kukura zvinodiwa zvose zvavo vatakuri nemauto vavo. Munhu wose ari kumirira ndege itsva, uye pane zvimwe chikonzero chokudavira kuti munhu mutsva "gwaro simba" chichava IL-112. Kuchiri haasi "iri simbi", riripo chete papepa, asi munguva yedu kwesayenzi nguva, zvose zvinoitika nokukurumidza.

By Antonov kuna Ilyushin

Mune USSR, kukura chokufambisa ndege dzinozivikanwa aidaro CB DC Antonov, riri wokuUkraine guru Kiev. Oleg K. hwakatamisirwa guru Soviet Ukraine muna 1946 muna Novosibirsk, apo vakakwanisa bazi Yakovlev Design Bureau. Pano Antonov akasika ndege zhinji kwazvo, vakawanda nhasi famba denga pamusoro Kishi nyika uye kure. Michina ava zvakavimbika, akanaka uye "ushamwari" kune vezvikepe, ivo "kanganwira" Vamwe utariri zvikanganiso.

Pashure pokuwa USSR CB pavo. DC Antonov akanga kuUkraine, uye kugadzirisa zvinetso Russian muchiuto mune mhepo chokufambisa rakakura kubva gore negore kuoma. Mukuwedzera enyika uye kudzivisa chikonzero rwokugadzira zvikanganiso zvakawanda. Chero zvakanga, utungamiriri wokuRussia wakakugadzirirai chipfuro: kuvaka ndege pachavo, pasina kuvimba dzimwe bhizimisi uye Developers. Chikamu nzira iyi inofanira kuva Il-112, zvainyanya izvo (zvikurukuru, inogona matani matanhatu) kuchabudirira kutsiva dzakawanda rengarava AN-26, AN-24T, AN-32 uye dzimwe michina kuti vashande muuto yedu kwemakumi emakore.

vemauto zvinodiwa

Pakati pezana remakore nineties, mubvunzo ré chokufambisa ndege rava chakakomba. Huru Vakwikwidzi romugove rutsva zvinhu muenzaniso chiedza-basa ndege (kureva 5-6) aiva maviri. Ukrainian An-140 yose vatengi Russian akauya, asi anoverengeka zviratidzi haina zvachose kuvagutsa. Kunyanya, hondo utungamiri yave vakasimbirira kudiwa munhu murwere, yaiva wakakomborerwa zvikuru pamusoro An-26, uye ndizvo zvose murwere uye vachisimudza mashandiro.

Chimwe chinodiwa zvikuru aiva nomukana kushanda musi unpaved runways. Kumukuru papi izvi akataura parameters hwaienzanirana kuna IL-112, pamwe chakasara mumwe chete. Ukrainian An-140 akanga aunganidza, rinogona kubatwa, asi aircraft Russian aivapo chete papepa uye Layouts.

Total schematics

An dzinonakidza STRUCTURAL uye schematic kusvika akatorwa vagadziri kambani "Il'yushin". Zvose zvakanga zvakanaka (uye izvi zvakanga zvakawanda) ari "Anton kuti" ivo vava. Kuti uone ichi, zvakatikwanira kuenzanisa yokuita okupedzisira maviri ndege CB - IL-114 IL-112. The yokutanga (nzira, akanga asina kubudirira chaizvo) ine chekare "ILYUSHIN" kurongerana, iyo inozivikanwa nokuva yakaderera-bapiro pamwe nacelles mbiri, kunyange rikaratidzwa kuna IL-12, uye kumativi ari muchinjikwa-chikamu fuselage (monocoque). Dunhu Izviwo, inobatanidzwa "Douglas" DS-3, yaishandiswa magadzirirwe IL-18 uye IL-38.

Antonov ndege KB yokusafa zvimwe zvinhu: yokumusoro bapiro ane nzvimbo pasi yakaturikwa Motors, kuti fuselage chikamu unotora munhu pamusoro penyika, pedyo kusvika semicylinder, uye pasi - anenge sandara (monocoque). Ndizvo zvakataurwa IL-112. Photos uye miganhu zvinoratidza kuti napedyo pepfungwa ndege AN-24 uye ayo dzakazotevera okunatsiridza (AN-26, AN-30 uye AN-32).

Chokwadi, ichi hachisi pamusoro plagiarism. Mumwe ndege magadzirirwo ari dzakabudirira, inobva zvekushandisa nokurondedzerwa, uye pfungwa mukuru kuchatungamirira kwaita ndege sokuti yakafanana, kunyange kana chitarisiko chavo kuramba zvachose chivimbo. Vanoti "ILYUSHIN" vakakopa chinhu kubva "Antonovites" hazviiti. Uyezve, kuti chero zvaunofarira asi havana kugamuchira.

Ona kuti matambudziko akaita IL-112 kusvika pakutanga chirongwa.

Zvinetso vachimhanya mukurima

emakore anopfuura maviri apfuura, muna 1993, gadzira ndege womuenzaniso chaipiwa kukurukura neHurumende basa. Kwapera gore, pashure pakabudiswa mutemo wehurumende, zvakatanga afunge maviri shanduro yaro - uto chokufambisa uye mutakurwi.

pfungwa yepakutanga yaiva nokubatanidza kuitwa Bashkir mafuta makambani uye vagadziri ndege. Panguva chirimwa muna Kumertau (kune vari kuvaka helicopters "Ka") vakaronga nokuparura rimwe, "ndege", mutsetse nokuda mari chirongwa kuburikidza kutengeswa Mahydrocarbon. In pave "achipinda nineties" pamusoro zano iri, izvo akavimbisa kubudirira pakutanga, zvinosuwisa, hazvina kushanda.

CB nyanzvi vakasarudza akudziridze kugadzirwa IL-112 muna Voronezh, imwe ndege fekitari Vaso. The nechido chikwata pave kukunda iri BBC makwikwi, apo motokari itsva aifanira kukurira zvakakomba kukwikwidzana zvekufambisa makambani, akasika vatenzi aya basa ravo - Sukhoi, third, Tupolev ASTC uye zvokuongorora Machine Building Plant. VM Myasishcheva. Zvaiita kuti kubudirira riri pedo.

facer

Zvisinei, zvichaitika Il-112, yakaumbwa zvakaoma. Kune rumwe ruoko, akabudirira kanda dzakatevedzana anetseka enyika uye masangano zvikonzero. Heavy transporter zvakadzama mazuvaano chirongwa Il-76MD-90A kupinza yakawandisa bhajeti mari, uye saka Developers zvino-Defense Minister Serdyukov akaita ndaizvipira vanotsvaka zvavo zvinopa mari. dambudziko iri rave richizivikanwa kuti zvakaoma, kana asina mhinduro, sezvo yevagari avhiyesheni pamusika akasvika kune dzimwe vakwikwidzi, uye nokuda chii, Chokwadi, zvakagadzirirwa ndege (kureva mauto kuti) haana kuuya mari. Ukuwo, vakatanga umwe ose enyika kutengeserana kuUkraine pamusoro iroro AN-140.

Technical matambudziko

Kunyange zvazvo zvakaoma kwaiva basa rokurera mari pasina hurumende mari, kambani "Ilyushin" kurigadzirisa. The chirongwa kunobatanidzwa rehurumende kudzivirira zvibvumirano pamwe wava wokutanga kutiza. Akagadzwa muna 2008, uye akabva atamira 2010-ndipo. The kurayira wegore vanofungidzirwa zvidimbu 18.

Asi musi uyu Developers vasingagoni kupa mugumisiro. Pane zvikonzero zvinoverengeka, uye vakanga evasingatombonamati hwokugadzira zvakasikwa. Zvisinei, chikuru chaiva chokuti vakaroorana (zita chirimwa Klimov) akakundikana kupa yakakodzera injini Il-112.

Characteristics kuvimba ndege powerplant. The simba kunodiwa kuti ndege iyi, 3.5 zviuru. HP (2 X 1.75 fung.), Uye "Klimovskii" TV7-117ST injini yakatanga zviuru chete 1,4. Kuti aratidze inodiwa mugumisiro, llu itsva waishaiwa 700 "mabhiza".

General ruzivo pamusoro ndege

Saka, zvino chinhu chikuru, kuti, kuti ndiye ane IL-112. Izvi simbi monoplane pamwe riveted kwokubatana chikuru zviumbu akagadzirwa titanium uye duralumin zvakarurama, nezvimwe zvinhu zvakagadzirwa rinoumba nezvinhu. Bapiro mukuru nzvimbo, pamwe pods maviri, ayo akakwirira mwero Mechanisation, kuderedza run-kunze ikavhuna Mapedhi ikoko. The fuselage rakakamurwa kuva nezvikamu zvitatu. Cargo chikamu (uyewo vamwe vose) chisimbiso. Empennage T-zvakaumbwa. Mukova dzichienderana chete murwere, kuti murwere uye murwere vari necheshure. The chassis ane shongwe shanu, chikuru kumhara dzosa kupinda kurutivi nodules kumativi.

ndege waivako

itsva ndege nokukurumidza uchava anenge akangofanana kuti ari AN-24 uye AN-26 - 480 (cruising) kusvika 550 km / h. Ceiling - 7600 m, daro - kusvika 1000 km asi yekudyidzana kuvandudza yasimuka uye kumhara unongotaura. Kubhururuka, Ilu zvinoda CPA urefu 870 M uye kuti vagare pasi -. Mamita 600 kuchinja Major ndavhiyiwa avionics. Zvinofungirwa kuti mano achava zvikuru ano. Cargo mupanda nzvimbo, pakukwanisa kwayo akapfuudza kukura mutoro kuti inogona zvifambiswe AN-140.

zvakanaka sei?

IL-112 - ndege hakusi vakakwana, asi tinogona kutaura nechivimbo kuti zvakanaka. Kunopiwa yokutsiva injini nezvezvipfuwo VK-3500 zvimwe marongerwo okunatsiridza angaita basa chokufambisa ndege, uye kunyange ane chaizvo ekisipoti nekugona. A itsva mhando muchina kwemakore mashomanana apfuura, nhengo vanofarira dzemauto muIndia uye yakanaka mukurumbira pave kunyatsoongorora uye dzimwe waunotarisira vatengi. Uyewo chinokosha ndechokuti nhasi, Ushumiri hwedu Defence haachatyi anovanza tariro kuti pamwe Western nevadiwa dzezvibereko, paakamira pazvinovaratidza epamba rwokugadzira. Hapana zvakawanda ano tine nhasi, asi nguva iri kupera.

akanaka

The purojekiti vakapemberera ayo maviri zuva, rinogona kunzi kuvakwa-refu. Zvinogoneka kuti mumwe kuitika mamiriro ezvematongerwo enyika chirongwa vaizodzorerwa kuwedzerwa ndandanda hadzisi kuzadzika pfungwa Zvisinei, achikurudzira nhau achangobva yakarira. Il-112 vachange kuunzwa pfungwa, uye pamusoro zvakananga mirairo President of Russian Federation. Ndiye mumwe chakanakisisa mukirasi yayo, kugadzirwa richava guru nzira rokumutsa epamba ndege indasitiri. Zvaizoda mari uye vachapiwa dzinounzwa.

Samara "Aviacor" achava hwaro chikuru pamusoro izvo ichavakwa Il-112. Muna 2014, saka akava kusarudza mune njodzi ndege. Tinovimba kuti pashure vaifanira kwemakore matatu, achatora kutiza wayo wokutanga.

Chisarudzo ichi chakaitwa zvinogoneka pashure kuchinja kubva chokufambisa ndege pfungwa - kureva, kuunganidzwa dzose kugadzirwa uye akaitwa simba rimwe marongerwo. Zvisinei, nyanzvi dzinofunga kuti hazvifaniri kuva wo nokukurumidza kunyora kure ndege vakamborwa. Mazuvaano of vakaedza uye wechokwadi Soviet mazano ndege kupa nguva yokukudziridza uye kuunza zvinodiwa padanho ndege itsva, iyo ichatsiva pavo.