Iyo tsvina ndiyo anisotropic. Kushandisa kushandiswa kwezvesanduro: anisotropic filtering

Anisotropic filtering ndeimwe chinhu chakadaro mukugadzirwa kwemafirimu emazuva ano, izvo zvinoita kuti vashandi vakawanda vatsanangurire kuti kusiyana kwakadini kwekugadzirwa kwemifananidzo kune vashandisi kwava kuwanika nhasi.

Mushure mezvose, musavanze kuti vatambi vemazuva ano vakakosha kusvika kune yakanakisisa yehutatu-yakatarisa maikirwo, uye ivo nhasi vari vega ndivo vatengi vemhando dzose dzemichina itsva mumunda wemavhidhiyo makadhi. Mushure mokunge, iyo huru-power accelerator panguva ino inogona kudiwa chete kana iwe uchida kumhanya mimwe mitambo yechizvarwa chezvino, umo mune injini inoda kukurumidza, inoshanda neinonyanya shaders yezvinyorwa zvakasiyana.

Iko makadhi akaita sei?

Kuita mamwe majini enguva yakareba munguva yedu ndeyekusakosha kwemari. Uye panguva imwechete ngozi yakawanda. Nzira dzakadaro dzinoshandiswa chete nepamusoro-purogiramu yemarongerwo nekutengesa kukuru, izvo zvisati zvamboitika, kusati kwabuda, vane chokwadi chokuti mutambo wacho uchabviswa kubva pamashalofu. Izvi zvinofanira kuonekwa zvakare kuti munguva pfupi yapfuura, kunyanya kubhadharwa kunobhadharwa kune "zvematongerwo enyika" pamusoro pemazuva ano emitambo yemitambo, nokuti mumunda wekubheja, mutemo wakambovapo kwenguva yakareba, iyo inofunga kufunga nezvezvido zvekambani mbiri dzinotungamirira mumunda wezvikwangwani zvinogadzirisa - NVIDIA neAATI.

Iyo makambani anokwikwidzana kune imwe nguva kwenguva yakareba, uye chaizvoizvo hakuna tariro yokuti kupikisana uku kuchapera munguva yemberi iri pedyo, asi vatengi vari pedyo. Iye zvino hazvina kukwana kungoita injini yepamusoro-soro, zvinokoshawo kuti ubvunze rubatsiro rweumwe wevakiki, avo vakasikawo purogiramu yavo yevadzidzi kune igrodel vatambi.

Uye iyo mifananidzo iri kukura uye ichikura ...

Izvo zvakaoma kuita shanduro yakakwana mumamiriro e 3D graphics engjini, sezvikonzero zvekuti zvipingamupinyi zvakadaro zvinowanzoitika zvishoma. Zvisinei, chokwadi, unhu hwemufananidzo hunovandudza nenguva nenguva uye, zvisinganzwisisiki, zvinowanzoitika pasi pekubuda kweimwe "kutengesa" mutambo seCrysis.

Icho chiri pamutemo wekutsvaga anisotropic, pamwe chete neinoti anti antiasing, kuti nhasi tiri kusunungura nhamba huru yevatyairi vakasiyana pamakadhi emavhidhiyo ega ega, pamwe nekambani imwe neimwe inoshandisa nzira yake pachayo nehutano pamusoro pekugadzirisa uku, iyo inowanzo isiri yevashandisi vose.

Chii chinonzi filis anisotropic?

Kuchengeta anisotropic inzira inoshandiswa yekuvandudza mavara pazvinhu zviri pane imwe nzvimbo yakatarisana nekamera. Sezvakaita trilinear kana bilinear, anisotropic inobvumira zvachose kubvisa zvakagadzirwa pane zvakasiyana-siyana, asi panguva imwe chete inotanga zvishoma zvishoma, kuitira kuti zvinyorwa zvisinganzwisisiki zvechifananidzo zvachengetedzwe.

Zvakakosha kuziva kuti kufungidzira kwe anisotropic mumitambo kunoonekwa kuburikidza nehuwandu kuverenga, kuitira kuti kuve nechokwadi shomanana "kugwinya" kwechigadziriro ichi mumitambo kwave kuchionekwa kubvira muna 2004.

Kuti uzonzwisisa zvinoshandiswa neisisotropic, iwe unoda kuva neruzivo rwekutanga munharaunda ino. Zvechokwadi, nhasi mushandisi wese anonyatsonzwisisa kuti chifananidzo chiri pachikwangwani chinoumbwa nenhamba huru yemapiksesi akasiyana, nhamba yayo inonyatsoenderana nekugadzirisa. Kuti uratidze mufananidzo pahwindo, kadhi revhidhiyo rinofanira kushandiswa ruvara rwepikseli imwe neimwe.

Pfungwa yekushanda

Anosarudza humwe hutano hunofananidzwa nechigadziro chiri pasi pekutungamira kwemaonero. Mushure meizvi, mavara akawanda anotorwa pamwe nekuona kutungamira, mushure mokunge miviri yavo yakareba inoitwa.

Sezvo kunogona kuva nemapikisikiti anopfuura mamiriyoni pahwindo, uye rimwe rega rega rinenge mamiriyoni 32 munyaya iyi, kuisa anisotropic mumitambo kunoda bhanhire guru rinoshamisa remakadhi evhidhiyo, risingawanikwi nevakawanda kunyange nemichina yezvino. Ndicho chikonzero chekuti zviyeuchidzo zvakadaro zvakaderera zvinoderedzwa nekushandiswa kwekuchengetedza, pamwe chete nemichina yepamusoro yekugadzirisa maitiro.

Rinoshanda sei?

Kutsunga kwemuvara wepikisiki kunoitwa nekuisa pamashigoni ekugadzira mifananidzo yakagadzirwa nemapikisiki emufananidzo-miviri-mavara, ayo anowanikwa pamusoro pe 3D. Dambudziko guru munyaya ino ndeye mavara matsvuku achaona ruvara rwe pixel pachikona. Kuti unzwisise zvakajeka chikamu chekutsvaira anisotropic, mumwe anofanirwa kufungidzira kuti shwindo rako iganda rakakura rine nhamba yakawanda yemakomba akasiyana-siyana, imwe neimwe iyo ipikisi.

Kuti uone ruvara rwepikisiki pane chero nharaunda nhatu-inenge iri shure kweplate, zvakakwana kuti utarise muhomwe yakatarisana. Iye zvino ngatifungei kuti ruvara rwechiedza runopfuurira kuburikidza naro, zvino runokanda mapoloni edu, uye kana iri parutivi kune nzvimbo yechipinda chacho, zvino munyaya iyi nzvimbo yepamusoro yakajeka ichabuda. Kana zvisingaiti, nzvimbo yacho ichave yakanganisa, ichiti, ichave yakatova nechitarisiko chekudzivirira. Iyo ipolgoni inowanikwa munzvimbo inoyerera, uye ichasarudza ruvara rwepikisi imwe neimwe.

Nei zvichidikanwa?

Vakawanda vanotenda kuti kushandiswa kweanisotropic kunoshandiswa chete kuti ipe mufananidzo wakanaka, asi chaizvoizvo iyo inongova mugumo wemugumisiro, unowanikwa kwete chete nehupiritsi pachayo.

Paunenge uumba chifananidzo chekunyora, mapurogiramu anopiwa zvikamu zviviri zvekugadzirwa kwemavara, izvo zviri zvishoma uye zvakasara zviya zvinoshambadza zvinotarisa kuti basa rekutsvina rinoshandiswa sei pakugadzira chimiro chekugadzira kana pane iyo kamera ichienda kure kana kusvika nayo.

Semuenzaniso, unogona kufunga kana kushandiswa kweanisotropic kana trilinear kushandiswa paunosvika, ndiko kuti, kana rimwe tepi rinotanga kuva nezviyero zvakakura, uye rinotanga kuvhara mapikisikisi akawanda panguva imwe chete. Kuti abvise kubata mumamiriro ezvinhu aya, kusvina kuchashandiswa. Zvinofanira kuonekwa kuti mumamiriro ezvinhu aya, iyi sarudzo haisi yakakwana, sezvo kuchenesa (anisotropic kana trilinear) kunonyanya kuisa mufananidzo wacho. Kuti upe maonero chaiwo emufananidzo, unoda kuwedzera kugadzirisa kwekugadzirwa kwayo.

Chii chiri nani kusarudza?

Zvechokwadi, chero chero munhu anoshandisa uye gamer ari nyore ane mubvunzo wakakwana. Nhasi, kune filinari uye anisotropic filtering - chii chiri nani? Zvechokwadi, zviri nani, chokwadi, chaizvoizvo anisotropic teknolojia. Chinhu chacho ndechokuti kutsvaira kwetatu kunenge kusina kuverenga ruvara rweumwe neumwe texel, uye kana kuti kutaura zvakanyatsonaka, hazviverengi zvakajeka kana zvasvika kune mapurisa akarereka. Kushandiswa kwekambanikiti yeanisotropic inotibvumira kuti tiwedzere maitiro ekushandiswa patsva ikozvino kuburikidza nekugadzirisa maonero. Muchiitiko ichi, iyo yakakura iyo yakona, yakakwirira yezvakanaka uye unhu, izvo zvinogona kupa anisotropic filtering ye mavara. Zvisinei, panguva imwe chete, iwe unoda kunzwisisa kuti mamwe kadhi simba rinodiwa kuti ushandise data.

Inobatsira zvakadini?

Iwe haufaniri kutarisira kuti mushure mekuiswa kwebasa iri, matatu-dimensional graphics ichavandudza fabulously, asi pamakona makuru kunyange imwe bhuu ichawanikwa, asi mumugumisiro wakazara iwe uchawana mamwe maonero chaiwo. Panyaya iyi, mumwe nomumwe pachake anozvisarudzira akasarudza kana achifanira kushandisa basa iri uye kuti richabudirira sei kwaari.

Sezvo basa iri risingatauri mhando yakasimba yemifananidzo yekuvandudza kunaka, vanhu ivavo vanoedza kuita kuti mamiriro ekufambisa kwepamutambo vasave emakombiyuta ane simba, vari kutsvaga kuti vangadzivisa sei kufungidzira anisotropic. Kunyatsoitwa kwebasa iri chinhu chiduku zvisingagoni kuenzaniswa nekuenzanisa nemigumisiro inopa, naizvozvo zvakakosha kuongorora kuvhara iyo pakutanga.

Point Sampling

Point Sampling nhasi ishanduro yakajeka yekuti pixel ruvara rwakatemwa sei. Iyi algorithm inobva pakushambadzira, kana yakasarudzwa imwe chete, iyo iri pedyo nechepakati pechiedza. Zviri nyore kufungidzira kuti sarudzo iyi iri kure neyo yakanakisisa, sezvo ruvara rwepixel runofanira kutsanangurwa panguva imwe chete nemamwe mavara, uye imwe chete inosarudzwa munyaya iyi, uye nzvimbo yekunjeka inogona kuchinja maitiro ayo, iyo iyo algorithm haifungi.

Nzira huru iyo inoshandiswa iyo kufananidzwa yakasiyana isisotropic, ndeyokuti nehutano hwakakwana hwechikwangwani, nhamba yemapiksesi ichawedzera zvakanyanya pakuenzanisa nenhamba yemashoko, sechikonzero icho chifananidzo chinenge chisingafadzi zvikuru. Izvo zvinodanwa kubhadharira inowanzoonekwa mumitambo yemakombiyuta "yekare".