Kandalaksha State Reserve

Kudzivirirwa dzakadaro dziri kudzidza kuchikoro mukati "Natural" kurangwa. Kandalaksha Reserve - hapana anosara. It Anotambanudza pamusoro imwe nzvimbo anopfuura makumi mashanu nezvisere namazana hectares pamusoro munharaunda Murmansk nharaunda uye anonzi kuchengeterwa kudzivirira zhinji waterfowl. Most kwayo - Gungwa Barents. About shiri vanogara munzvimbo iyi waidzivirira neHurumende, vanonyora kwete mabhuku. Local kasvisto uye fauna of ngarira muudzame yakakurumbira munyori V. Bianchi.

Nyaya

Kufanana nevamwe vakawanda hunhu hwemunhu uye omunyika imomo muna Russia, Kandalaksha akasikwa kuti achengetedze zvimwe mhando mhuka neshiri. Muchiitiko chino, zvakajairika Eider, ndiro inozivikanwa kwaro uye kunze ane zvikuru kukosha. Muna 1932, apo kuurayiwa pamutemo shiri, kuparadzwa kwayo matendere uye mazai vaiunganidza kutengeswa akasvika kumunyomba zviyero, uye kuchengeterwa yakatangwa. Pakutanga zvaionekwa nesayenzi pane izvo ornithologists vakadzidza shiri kuti vanogara munharaunda ino. Zvishoma nezvishoma uwandu mvura shiri yave ichiwedzera.

ukoshi

Papera nguva, ari Kandalaksha State Nature Reserve hwakatamisirwa Office kuMudzidzisi komiti. Izvi zvakawedzera kudzora dzakachengetedzwa nzvimbo wokura miganhu yayo kuti nhasi.

Panguva iyoyo, zvakaoma kuona dzakawanda kukosha Kandalaksha Nature Reserve, riri chete mhenderekedzo pemvura ndichengetedze nzvimbo pakati hwemvura shiri.

nenzvimbo ezvinhu

Izvi yakadzivirirwa nzvimbo dzinongoitika riri pamhenderekedzo yeGungwa Barents uye duku apo pakapinda nyika White. Sun Kandalaksha kwete kuitika kusvika namazuva masere panhurikidzwa pedyo Seven Islands - anenge makumi mana. Zvisinei, kunyange panguva polar usiku chando mhuka inopiwa daily sevamwe upenyu.

Kandalaksha Reserve iri muna okunze vematunhu, zvinokonzerwa aibuda Murmansk. The peculiarity pakati zvepanyama ezvinhu mvura nzvimbo yakakura tembiricha madonhwe, saka unopinza kutonhora uye nokudziya kuchengetwa nemwaka zvose.

rubatsiro

The Geological nemamiriro nzvimbo iyo vatora Kandalaksha State Nature Reserve, zvinonakidza zvakanaka akachengetedzwa matombo kuti makore anopfuura mabhiriyoni matatu. The Nzvimbo rakaumbwa pasi pokudzora inodzokororwa glaciations. Kusimba yakanaka pamhenderekedzo, wave pakumedura uye miseve aumba kubva rwakapetwa gungwa hurungudo uye boulders. Total Kandalaksha Nature Reserve muridzi-matatu namashanu Geological zvinhu vane chinzvimbo dzinongoitika sezvivako.

Zvinosanganisira anenge mazana mana namakumi mashanu zvitsuwa zvine zvitarisiko siyana uye zvivako, mhando dzakawanda zvinomera - kubva akashama matombo uye kuti dzine thickly nemasango. Nehova uye madhamu ari chengetedza wedzeredzei. Vose vari zvikuru diki. The guru - uye mukuru Kumyazhe Serkinskoe - zvakadzama anosvika gumi mamita.

Flora

Kandalaksha Reserve zvayo vegetative butiro chinosanganisira anopfuura mazana matanhatu namakumi matatu marudzi. Pamhenderekedzo yeGungwa White uye zvitsuwa zviri hunodzorwa nemipaini uye spruce. Kune miti yakawanda, runowanzoitika egungwa - sedges, rekushongedzesa uye Asteraceae.

Marshes Nature Reserve vari rakakamurwa petsanga, donje uswa uye shrub - zvichienderana zvinomera, ivo koshesa. Zvisinei, reservoirs havasi akapfuma guru rekushongedzesa. Kunyange achikura pamwe pemahombekombe rutsanga haana rinoumbwa batana mumatenhere.

Munzvimbo kuunganidza gungwa uye herring gulls, zvinomera zviri siyana chaizvo, sezvo ivhu munzvimbo idzi zvakanaka nourume. Pano unogona kuona guru-chamomil, Chickweed, eyebright uye zvakarungwa, buttercup, etc.

mhuka

Kandalaksha Reserve ane vanenge zana nemakumi matanhatu mhando veko fauna of. Ava, makumi maviri nerimwe mhando mhuka, chimwe namakumi matatu mana - shiri, mhando mbiri nezvinokambaira, uye nhatu - amphibians.

zvikara dzakadai yokuSpain, wolverine uye mhumhi, zvakawanda zvakajairika pachitsuwa Grand. Zvisinei, pane isingagarwi zvechigarire, sezvo nzvimbo iyi hapandiringani pavo.

On the pedyo nzvimbo Great pane vaviri kana vatatu bere. The kuchengeterwa iri kuramba mhenyu gava uye the marten, Chidembo uye ermine uye mink. nhamba yavo hazvigoni kunzi akawanda: napo kuvapo nemakonzo duku.

Tsuro - the kushandiswa nevakawanda mhuka mbava, anogara dzose zvitsuwa chengetedza. Ari coldest yechando pano uye dzimwe nguva pane polar unobereka. On the makungwa, apo mupfumi uswa, vakawana muskrat swims kubva kune dzimwe chitsuwa uye sarudza nzvimbo tsvene dzakakodzera kurarama.

Kubva mhuka duku dzinowanzotaurwa voles uye lemmings kuti aonekwa nharaunda dzakachengetedzwa mapazi chete pavanenge vakawanda vanotama.

shiri

Mugore rose, kurarama capercaillie, dema Grouse, Grouse uye hwari, uyewo mamwe marudzi titmice, woodpeckers uye cuckoos. Muchirimo, kana paine shiri dzinotama, mumasango kuuya mupenyu mamiriro chengetedza. Kunyanya makwai yakawanda shiri mhenderekedzo, mune sparse nemipaini uye spruce masango. Pano unogona kuwana redwing, Grouse, partridges, zvikara dzakadai kestrel, Merlin uye rukodzi zizi. The marshes vanokura Midzi sandpipers nehuni sandpiper, snipe uye ulit kukuru.

Zvikuru akadzivirira miti

Kunyange zvazvo zvose mhando zvoutachiona kuti vanogara Kandalaksha kuchengeterwa anofanira kuchengetedzwa, kunyange akacherekedza zvisingawanzoitiki mhando pano zhinji dzakanyorwa muna Red Book zvose Russia uye Murmansk nharaunda. Vane zvikuru akadzivirirwa pamutemo.

Kubva Red Book of Murmansk nharaunda payo rinozivikanwa anenge makumi mana-maviri muzana uwandu pangozi marudzi, shanu iyo - zviri howa, matatu nevana - the lichens, liverworts makumi maviri, zvakafanana vachiwaridza Moss. Pakati vertebrates vari vatanhatu zvikuru akadzivirira marudzi hove, vamiririri vaviri nezvinokambaira uye amphibians, uye shiri makumi mana navaviri uye navamwe mhuka.

Plants anowanikwa munharaunda Kandalaksha Bay, uye kumwe munyika dziri kukura kunyanya munzvimbo kudzivirirwa. Pakati pavo the chitsuwa, uye kweArctic Sunflower beloyazychkovy voikukka.

Zvikuru Kudzivirirwa Animals

The kuchengeterwa uye maviri nomwe marudzi. For Atlantic pfumbu zvisimbiso, uyewo guru uye Crested cormorants Atlantic Kandalaksha Reserve - huru dzinogarisana uye maberekero yose Russia. Kunze, pano dendere zvakafanana Eider (nokuti izvo, chokwadi, pakutanga akasikwa akadzivirirwa nzvimbo iyi), yendarama gondo, nekondo, Rukodzi runonzi norukodzi, gondo chena-tailed, Merlin uye Air Ring Ouzel. Zvikuru Kudzivirirwa zvomumvura mhuka vanoonekwa kuti mhando dzakawanda hove huru uye Dolphins, uyewo chisimbiso nevakawanda, Bheya rakamira pachando uye walrus.

tsvakurudzo

Pakutanga Kandalaksha Reserve, vaongorori vakanga vaiita basa rayo kubva pakutanga kwayo, akaiswa pacharo sezvo nzvimbo kwaidiwa kuti varambe vanhu Eider ducks by chero. Munguva pfupi pre-hondo nguva isu dzinoitwa wokutanga pokutsvakurudza ari pamusoro seabirds, vakazochinja akava chaiwo.

Pashure pehondo kuwanda basa rave zvishoma nezvishoma kuwedzerwa. Kuwedzera mberi pakudzidza ikoroji vamwe seabirds pano izvozvo rakatanga hurongwa kwacho nokuda kutsanangura kuchengeterwa, zvinomera uye intertidal zvomumvura nemunharaunda.

Sezvo zvabuda zvose vomureza zvaanorumbidza ikashandiswa kuva pagore nhau gwaro, anotaurwa sezvinotevera :. "yenhau Nature muna Kandalaksha Reserve" Iye pfupiso kwazvino zvipenyu zvichiongororwa, uye zvinosanganisira mashoko pamusoro pokumuka nemwaka bioprocesses. Gwaro rinotsanangura mazwi zvinomera uye maruva uye fruiting zvakasiyana miti, mavambo uye kuguma chitubu kana matsutso kutama, mhuka maberekero kwacho uye ruzivo pamusoro nhamba dzavo.