Kazan Gunpowder Plant: History Education

PCF "Kazan gunpowder fekitari" - chikuru kudzivirira makambani, kushandisa kugadzirwa gunpowder mhosva, pyrotechnics nezvimwe zvigadzirwa. Over nhoroondo-gore 228 ikoko kusunungurwa mamiriyoni ematani zvinoputika zvinangwa zvakasiyana-siyana.

floatation

With kukura minda reRussia kumabvazuva panodikanwa kuvaka gunpowder fekitari pedyo mikuru vatengi: vatsvakurudzi, vatengesi, angu varidzi. Nzvimbo akasarudzwa kuti kuvaka Kazan, riri pakati hwemvura uye yenyika pakutengeserana. The Kama zvombo zvaiunzwa kuna Urals, ipapo - kuSiberia, uye Volga - kusvikira Caucasus uye kweGungwa reCaspian.

Kazan gunpowder fekitari chichiwanikwa muna 1788. Kufungisisa moto mukana zvavakanga vachida kuita, basa pariri pakutanga akapa vanhu basa uye anokwanisa kubata zvombo: mauto nemapurisa. Gare gare, akanga yarongwa ane unyanzvi hwakasiyana chikoro, apo vana vechiuto vakadzidziswa ndege ngozi. Around dzimba kuumbwa powder kugarwa, vashandi pano dzakanga dziri kure nalla pekugara.

Kutsigirwa yamadzibaba

Kazan gunpowder fekitari akanga akabatikana nokushanda ari kurwisana nezvombo, izvo Russia ndiyo akapfuma munhoroondo. Hondo Sweden, Turkey, Napoleon, European Campaign akabvunza kuwedzera yauinayo. Izvi zvakabatsira nokuda kuwedzera kugadzirwa. Kambani akakura, akavhura chitoro itsva mune ramangwana rakanga raitwa kuti chirimwa uye njanji. Nokuti 100 makore mashandiro rokutanga, chirimwa yakabereka 2,000,000 nepondo gunpowder.

By kuguma XIX remakore bullpen akabata anoverengeka upgrades uye nyanzvi kugadzirwa isina chiutsi gunpowder pyroxylin. Gore negore zvebhizimisi yakabereka kusingaenzaniswi kuti nguva mavhoriyamu - kusvika 500,000 pondo.

nyika yevakuru

Mushure Civil War, mhirizhonga, kambani iri zvishoma nezvishoma kuwedzera. Active ré ari 30s vakabatsira kuti Kwemashoko uye michina chawo. Second World Kazan gunpowder fekitari vakasangana musoro-mberi. Zvombo kushaisa. Masikati nousiku, mazuva manomwe pavhiki vashandi yakabereka runodiwa gunpowder uye mhosva. Vazhinji varume vakaenda kudzivirira Motherland, nokuti muchina maturusi akasimuka navakadzi uye kuyaruka.

Hondo akaratidza kuti mauto anofanira neveruwa zvombo. Nokuti Kugadzirwa itsva zvinoriumba, mainjiniya akatora Special hwokugadzira Bureau №40. Ivo akasika mimwe "echimurenga" zvinoputika pamwe nemamwe unhu kuti nguva. Gunners vakarumbidza kweShanduro bullpen kuti rakavimbika uye chemhando yepamusoro. Kuzvikudza inokosha fekitari vashandi vaiva madzoro "Katyusha".

Contemporary

Munguva 90s, kambani akanga akatarisana nokusava kudiwa zvigadzirwa. Vavhiringidzika Kutarisira kwakakonzera dambudziko kusauka. Muna 2002, hurumende yakasarudza kudzoreredza kugadzirwa. Its zita pari Kazan State papfuma gunpowder fekitari kuwanikwa 2002 pashure hombe-pamwero nokubatanidzwazve. Muna 2003 zvakanzi dzinounzwa sezvinodiwa 50,000,000th subsidy akabvumira kubhadhara zvikwereti uye kuzodzosera dhipuroya ordnance kusunungurwa. Nhasi, ari bullpen chinhu inokosha chirimwa, iri batana pfuma.

zviitiko

Anopfuura mazana maviri emakore ari kweShanduro putika haisi nyaya zvashata. Stories anozivikanwa moto, zvichikonzera hombe detonation kuti munitions muna 1830 uye 1884.

14.08.1917 Kuvira, njodzi chaiyo - nokuti moto chaizvoizvo vakaridza vakasimudza Kazan gunpowder fekitari. Director Lt. Gen. Luknitsky, rinenge rose yaitonga, mazana vashandi fekitari, hwakawanda vagari zvakaurayiwa Powder ugari. 10,000 pfuti vakaparadzwa, mamiriyoni makagadzirira akagadzirwa anoshongwa. Kuronga kudhindwa aiva pabhodhi.

3.24.2017, mutariri chitoro №3 detonated, vaitya vagari Kazan. The vanotyisa moto uye cubes utsi aigona kuonekwa kubva kumativi ose eguta. Vanhu vakafa.

mazuvaano

Gunpowder fekitari (Kazan) akapinda mune mazita yokuzvidzivirira maindasitiri emakambani, izvo akaronga kuzodzosera kushongedzera kurimwa kusvikira 2020. Last zvinokosha rokuvakazve ari bullpen akabata makore 30 apfuura. Director General KHALIL Giniyatov anoti nokuda 2020 richava ano, yepamusorosoro, wakachengeteka fekitari nokuda pagadzirwe mukuru-simba propellants.

At nzvimbo dzakawanda zvoga gadziriro vakatsiva dzakawanda uye mazana vashandi. Somuenzaniso, zvitsva zvebazi nitration anotonga kushanda anoverengeka kuurongwa: nenyundo chigayo (pulverizer cellulose), wetting mumiriri uye asidhi-pasi 20 reactor. Kare, akavhiyiwa zvose ngozi akaita manually. Nhasi, mumwe opareta norugare kwakakwana monitors zvose muitiro michina iri makombiyuta control panel.

kugadzirwa

Kazan gunpowder fekitari vachishingaira unoshanda mudzimba uye kumisika. It inobereka matani 100 Nezvakakuyiwa pamwedzi. Manufacturing anopa mubayiro 2,000.

For zvinangwa vemauto bullpen unobereka:

• upfu siyana marudzi;
• kupenda zvivezwa;
• nitromastiki;
• zvimwe namakemikari zvokuvakisa sangano kugadzirwa zvombo.

Uyewo zvokurimisa mashoko bullpen zvigadzirwa "runyararo":

• okuvhimisa uye zvemitambo cartridges;
• Anodes-grounding kuti cathodic kudzivirirwa pachivande mapaipi uye simbi ezvirevo.

The jogirafi pamusoro vazvo iri rakakura. Izvi kudzivirira uye vehurumende mapoka Russia (Yoshkar-Ola, Izhevsk, Sarapul, Votkinsk, Klimovsk, Sergiev Posad, Lyubertsy, Khimki, Ekaterinburg, Severouralsk), Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Belarus, Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan, Cyprus, Venezuela, India, Algeria, Uganda uye dzimwe nyika. Nokuti mudanga kugadzirwa yepamusoro uye njodzi zvigadzirwa kuti mutengi gunpowder fekitari (Kazan) muna 2012 akanga paakavapa nehurumende Tatarstan chepamusorosoro mubayiro ari makwikwi "Quality Mutungamiriri".