Kugadzirwa rehydrogen sulfide, ayo ehupfumi, kushandiswa

Munyaya ino tichakurukura kuwana nesarufa zvichibva rehydrogen sulphide. Kunyatsoongorora mumuviri uye namakemikari zvivako zviri pfuma.

mamiriro

Kuti kuongorora chikuru negashiro rehydrogen sulfide, zvinokosha kuziva zvinhu zvayo mamiriro. Sezvo chikamu pfuma ine sarufa atomu uye vaviri rehydrogen. Vane dzisiri nesimbi, saka pakati okunze vakaumba covalent polar zvisungo. The chisina kutsetseka nemamiriro rehydrogen sulfide. Anoumba necheparutivi pamusoro 92 madhigirii pakati nesarufa uye rehydrogen, ndiro zvishoma duku pane mumvura.

mumuviri ehupfumi

Rehydrogen sulfide kwakanaka chakatodzana mazai akaora, inozivikanwa zvose. Under kwomuzvarirwo ezvinhu, nefuma iri gaseous mamiriro. Harina ruvara, zviri havaratidzi soluble nemvura, muchetura. Paavhareji, pa 20 Celsius 2.4 rehydrogen sulfide kuchaita mudutu mumvura vhoriyamu. At rehydrogen sulfide mvura yakaratidza zvishomanana acidic ehupfumi dissociation mumiririri anobuda stepwise. Chepfu rehydrogen sulfide iri ngozi kunyange mishonga duku. Content dzedenga dzinenge 0.1 muzana rehydrogen sulfide inotungamirira kuoma kufema muzinda pamwe kurasikirwa chavanoziva. Somuenzaniso, mashoko kunozivikanwa zvakasikwa Pliniy Starshy akafa 79 remakore BC, yakanga rehydrogen sulfide, iyo yakaumbwa mumakore kuputika reVesuvius.

Chikonzero kuitwa rehydrogen sulfide chepfu munzvimbo yayo makemikari kusakarongeka pamwe Chizenga muropa. Iron ine mapuroteni ichi anoumba munhu sulfide pamwe rehydrogen sulfide.

Kufadza zvinobvumidzwa wevasungwa rehydrogen sulfide mudenga anoonekwa kuti 0.01 MG / l. Sezvo mushonga akashandisa inhalation rakachena okisijeni kana mhepo, umo mamiriro pane zvishomanana yakawanda kuiisa chlorine.

Kushanda hydrogen sulfide kunoda zvaidiwa nemamwe kuchengeteka mitemo. kuedza zvose pamusoro ichi gaseous fuma vakatakurwa rakanamwa mano uye fume krzywa makabhati.

Nzira kubudisa rehydrogen sulfide

Chii chiri kuwana hydrogen sulfide ari yezvirwere? The inonyanya ndiye kubata rehydrogen pamwe nesarufa. Izvi kwemakemikari kuita zvinoreva remubatanidzwa kuti rinoitwa ari fume krzywa Hood.

Uyezve, kugadzirira uye zvichida hydrogen sulfide iri mukutsinhana pakati yakasimba simbi sulfide (2) uye mhinduro ine sulfuric kana hydrochloric acid. Kuti vawane mugumisiro wakadaro, ari bvunzo chubhu zvakakwana kutora mashoma zvidimbu nesarufa, usingasii kusapfuudza kukura pizi. Uyezve, chubhu (hafu vhoriyamu) Wakawedzerwa kuti iine acid mhinduro, kuti mhute chubhu yapera. The mudziyo anoiswa pasi Hood, kuti chubhu iri kushata. Makemikari kuita iri pamwe kusunungurwa negasi matema. Izvi zvinobvumira kuti pave rehydrogen sulfide kuwana uwandu zvinhu zvakakwana kuti kufunga kwayo namakemikari zvivako.

Ndedzipi dzimwe nzira dziri? Murabhoritari gadziriro rehydrogen sulphide zvinonzi inobvumirwa zvokuverengera esimbi simbi (pasi Hood) pamwe crystalline sarufa, zvichiteverwa maitiro sulfide pamwe sulfuric acid.

mushonga ehupfumi

Rehydrogen sulfide ikasakendenga pamwe neoxygen iri mumhepo, izvozvo anopisa munhu rinokwanisa kucheneruka ruvara. Kana zvakakwana combustion kuita zvinhu zviri sarufa yakasviba (4) uye mvura. Kwakapiwa kuti vira gasi chiri acidic oxide, iri mhinduro, anoumba rimwe simba sulfurous acid, makara yebhuruu litmus bepa dzvuku.

Kana kukwana yakawanda rehydrogen sulfide kuumbwa crystalline sarufa. Izvi anonzi muindasitiri muitiro hwokubereka nesarufa zvichibva yakaisvonaka rehydrogen sulfide.

In kwemakemikari ichi kuzivikanwa uye kwazvo kushinga. Vanoratidzwa, somuenzaniso, kuita pamwe munyu, halogens. Kuti kuitisa ezvokunambira kunze kwomuviri waamai maitiro akafanana pamuedzo sepombi kuiisa chlorine uye bromine akadurura sulfide mhinduro, atindivare yaiitwa. Somunhu maitiro chigadzirwa yaiitwa paumbwe crystalline nesurferi.

Kana mushonga maitiro rehydrogen sulfide nemvura paumbwe hydronium nokuo- nga H3O +.

Rehydrogen sulfide zvingaite nezvemarudzi maviri yeimwe: sulfides (svikiro munyu) uye hydrosulfides (acidic munyu).

Negore alkali uye alkaline pasi simbi sulfides vari Hauoneki yeimwe. In rinorema simbi (mhangura, nickel, kutungamirira), ivo vatema. Manganese sulfide ane roruvara rwakatsvukuruka ruvara. Vakawanda munyu regai mudutu mvura.

Qualitative paakasangana sulfides kuwana kudyidzana nendarira sulfate mhinduro (2). Zvinobikwa nekuita kwakadaro rasviba precipitate hwemhangura sulfide (2).

mhedziso

Zvakasikwa, fuma iri riri chicherwa zvitubu, kuputika magasi. remubatanidzwa Iri inogadzirwa kuora zvinomera nemhuka zvinenge, izvozvo chinosiyanisa maitiro kwakanaka rehydrogen sulfide. Natural sulfides zvinowanikwa Zvinoumba zvisingawanzoitiki nesimbi iri simbi pavo vanogamuchira zvakakodzera zvinhu. Zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti hydrogen sulfide ane simba muchetura fuma.