"Kumhanya", Bulgakov: pfupiso nhoroondo yokusika, chikuru vanotaurwa

"Kumhanya" - mutambo rakanyorwa Mikhail Bulgakov muna 1926-1927 gg. Nokuti mutambo uyu, izvozvo akasika yakawanda zvesimba, izvo, zvinosuruvarisa vakanunurwa pashure yemunyori rufu, nekuti Stalin wakarambidza kudzidzira zvose.

Wokutanga waivako kwakaitika muna 1957 muna Stalingrad Theatre. Asi muna 1970 zvakanzi filmed firimu kukuru, "Kumhanya," nomudzimu A. Alova uye V. Naumov. Zvarongwa kunosanganisa Civil War mushure October Revolution, apo mauto vasara White Army akatungamirira kukuru nemishonga uye kundorwa tsvuku pamusoro Crimean nekamukwavarara.

"Kumhanya" - idambe pfungwa yokuti munyori rakakamurwa zviito zvina uye zviroto masere. Sei hope? Nekuti hope - dramaturgical Gungano rinomiririra chinhu shamisa uye hakungagoni, pakuti zvakaoma kwazvo kudavira. Saka, munyori akaratidza mafungiro ake kuti chii chiri kuitika ipapo Russia: zvose kufanana hope dzakaipa.

Njodzi Russian intelligentsia

Zvichienderana ndangariro wake wechipiri L. E. Belozerskoy kuenda kumwe uye akanyora ake "Kumhanya" Bulgakov. Kuongororwa Biography womukadzi chinoratidza kuti kana akatiza nomurume wake wokutanga kuConstantinople, uye ipapo aigara Paris, muMarseilles uye Berlin. Munyori akashandisawo ndangariro White General Ya. A. Slascheva.

Mikhail Bulgakov "Kumhanya" vakazvipira njodzi Russian intelligentsia, raakanga aionekwa yakanakisisa rukoko weRussia. Iye aitofanira kubuda munyika uye kurarama nhapwa. Munyori vakaedza kuti vakawanda vakatamira kurarama mu Russia, asi vaifanira kuwana nekubvirana pamwe Bolsheviks, uye atorega kurwa navo, asi pasina zvinopesana netsika dzakanaka. Classic kunyange tsamba pamusoro izvi Stalin pachake. Aida kuratidza kuti ndiye pamusoro tsvuku uye chena, asi pakupedzisira zvaionekwa muvengi-nevachena. Saka, hurukuro "The White Guard" zvaitika apo emunyori upenyu, asi akaona zvaiitika uye "Kumhanya." Bulgakov kuridza "Mazuva Turbin" vaigona kuisa chete pashure kurambidzwa-gore maviri, paakapiwa oga zvarayirwa Stalin.

"Kumhanya". Bulgakov. pfupiso

Saka, muna October 1920. Northern Tavria. Pane kurwa pakati matsvuku. Young St. Petersburg intelligentsia GOLUBKOV chakavanzwa tisasvikwe nemabara uye magirinedhi ari narthex pakati wemamongi Serafima Korzukhina, mumwe mukadzi kubva St. Petersburg. Pamwe chete naye, iye anomhanyira kuCrimea, ipapo kusangana nomurume wake. Nenjiva nezvishamiso umo tsvuku munzvimbo ino, nokuti yakanga zvose mumaoko nevachena.

Pano kumonasitiri akadzinga Boka emauto kuti Budyonny kuongorora magwaro vanhu. Vapristi nemamongi akanyengetera pamberi mifananidzo mukereke vaiva vamwe vazhinji vanhuwo, pakati pavo munhu pamuviri Baranbanchikova, izvo pakarepo akapinda basa. Kana wemamongi akasiya tsvuku pashure vakanga varwi inotungamirwa chena mukuru De Brizard uye LYUSKA, mudzimai musasa General Charnota. Sezvo pava paya akatendeuka akabuda, muchimiro vakadzi vane pamuviri akandovanda General Charnota vakanzwa inzwi rake, regai kuisa mashoko kufara. Iye akavambundira vose uye akatanga kuudza sei, pane ndokugadzira mapepa shamwari yake kukurumidza ose ngoma hwakakanyiwa uye ndikapunyuka kwaari magwaro mukadzi pamuviri.

Zvino vari kutanga kukurukura yokununura dzichitaurwa Čarnota. Asi akazoona kuti Seraphim fivha kunotanga, uye GOLUBKOV kubva hazviperimo. All vanosiya.

KHLUDOV

November 1920, muCrimea. In meruvanze yemapurisa ndiyo kumuzinda nevachena. Retafura aiva murayiro pambiru General Khludov. Aigara twitches uye pachena chinhu kurwara. Pano anouya murume Seraphim, KORZUKHIN, mutevedzeri gurukota yezvokutengeserana, uye anokumbira Khludov rubatsiro kutumira convoys pamwe chitsotsi nhumbi muna Sevastopol. Asi iye akarayira zvose pakutsva. Seraphim kuoneka Golubkov uye Krapilin, nokurongeka Charnota. Serafim inorwisa Khludov aizongowedzera akaremberera vanhu, asi akabva atora sezvo muKomonisiti. Achiona murume, Seraphim anongovangira kwaari, asi iye anonyepedzera asina kuzviziva, nokuti kutya maitiro zvavo.

In chiitiko ichi, mumwe njodzi anozadza ake "Kumhanya" Bulgakov. Pfupiso yacho kuti murindi Krapilin, ukuwo dzomusango entranced zvose zviri kuitika kumativi, zvakare, blames Khludov pakati utsinye, uye ipapo, apore pachake, anomira pamberi pake pamabvi ake, asi mukuru akarayira kuti asungirirwe.

kusunga

Njiva anowana kuzobvunzurudzwa ari counterintelligence mukuru Pacific, izvo kumanikidzwa asaine gwaro anotivimbisa kuti Seraphim - Communist. Nyarara uye nemumwe wake vanoda mari pane wake tyisidzira Korzukhina.

Seraphim anoona pokubvunzurudzwa uchapupu Golubkov, anogogodza panze hofisi hwindo uye kudana rubatsiro. Under mahwindo panguva iyoyo paiva emauto Charnota, uyo akazviratidza aine nepfuti uye yakasunungura Seraphim.

Zvichakadai, pane kutaura Khludov pamwe mukuru mukuru, uyo anovenga nokuti kwaisanganisira naye benzi chinhu. Shure kwezvinhu zvose zvakabudiswa-kuparadzaniswa. Khludov vane chirwere chepfungwa, nguva dzose anoona mweya mumwe vaturikwa Krapilina murwi. Asi pano anouya Golubkov, uyo ari kutya nokuda kusungwa of Seraphim uye anoda mukuru akabatsira asunungure naye. KHLUDOV akarayira mubatsiri wake, Cossack mukuru Golovanov, murwire Seraphim uye pakarepo anowedzera kuti zvichida yatova vapfurwa. Akadzokera imwe nguva gare gare uye anoshuma kuti zviri muna Charnota, uyo akamutora kuti Constantinople. Khludov rave vakamirira mungarava. Kwaari panguva nenguva mweya mutumwa anouya. Nenjiva okumbira kuti kutora naye kuwana Serafim.

kuenda kumwe

Summer 1921, Constantinople. Hazvina kugumira kutamba ichi "Flight" Bulgakov. Pfupiso yebhuku mberi rinotiudza sei parimwe mumigwagwa Constantinople, akadhakwa uye nemari Čarnota anoda bheji nechikwereti ari bete marudzi. Arthur Arturovich zita romusere rokuti bete King anoramba. Čarnota chaunenge uchida Russia, iye anotengesa mumigwagwa matoyi uye sirivha katuriji mabhandi. Pakupedzisira, anoisa huru kufarira, Janissary bete. In pakati mumakwikwi rinozobudawo kuti Arthur opoil Janissary. A kurwa rakamuka.

Lucy uye Čarnota

Čarnota anodzoka kumba uye anosangana Lucy nekuti ari kunyepa, kuti bhokisi matoyi uye katuriji mabhandi wakabiwa. Iye anoziva kuti iye asisina wekupedzisira pamusoro run. Vanorarama uye Seraphim. LYUSKA akamuziva kumanikidzwa kupinda chipfambi nokuti kuti havana chokudya uye hapana mari mumba. Iye anotuka naye chii akaparadza kumuzinda pakaunda-ungwaru, uye ipapo akatiza hondo, uye ikozvino vanorarama muurombo kure Russia. Čarnota uyewo nguva dzose nharo uye takarurama chokuti akaponesa Seraphim. Pakarepo Lucy rinoti akasiya shamwari imwe wokuFrance muParis. Seraphim akanga anzwa kukurukurirana rose, anosarudza kwete kugara hapana ari pamutsipa, asi kufamba kuti remadziro.

On chete Čarnota kumugwagwa asangana Golubkov, vachiridza hurdy-gurdy zuva. Anotsvaka Seraphim, izvo kare akawana mutengi echiGiriki uye anoenda naye kukamuri. Shure kwavo uye kupfura muna Čarnota GOLUBKOV uye dzinga echiGiriki. Njiva vakaziva Seraphim rudo, asi iye anoramba iye nekuti havadi kuparadza upenyu hwake.

Pano anouya KHLUDOV. Ivo demoted naye kubva kuhondo, uye iye akanzi nditarisire Seraphim. Anopa GOLUBKOV medallion uye vaviri Lira, nekuti akaenda Paris kukumbira mari kubva Korzukhina ane mukadzi anorwara. Čarnota anosarudza kuenda naye.

KORZUKHIN

Autumn 1921, Paris. Nehangaiwa aonekwa pasuo Korzukhina uye anokumbira chiuru madhora chikwereti. Asi iye akaramba kuti haana mukadzi, uye anoramba mari. Uyezve, anoti anoda kuroora munyori wake. Njiva mhosva kwaari callousness. Zvisinei, pano zvakaitika Čarnota ngarava uye achiona ari Korzukhina neSvondo patafura, achimuvigira kutamba nokuisa medallion Khludov. Somugumisiro, vakakunda Korzukhina zviuru 20 madhora uye 300 madhora ndokuutenga shure medallion.

KORZUKHIN akadhakwa uye hasha, iye anochema uye anoshevedza mapurisa. Panouya mugumo. Mukamuri achishevedzera Zara munyori (aiva LYUSKA). Iye, achiziva zvakanga zvichiitika uye akaona Čarnota rinoti KORZUKHIN kuti mari havana kudzoka, sezvo vakaita. Pakubva, okubvunza Golubkov kudzivirira Seraphim.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti "Kumhanya" (Bulgakov basa) zvinoshamisa dzinopisa uye nokunzwisisa rinotaura pamusoro mumwe nemumwe.

Seraphim

In Constantinople KHLUDOV richiri chirwere chepfungwa uye kazhinji anokurukura yokufa mutumwa. Included Seraphim uye anobvuma kuti iye wakagadzirira kubvuma Khludov uye kudzoka naye St. Petersburg. KHLUDOV anoti zvakare vachadzokera Russia, kunyange pasi zita rake. Pano kwenguva refu uye kare akapfuma uye GOLUBKOV Čarnota anouya. Last anonzwisisa kuti ane kundorwa Bolsheviks aisada kuvenga uye kwavari hazvina, saka iye anogara uye anomanyira kuna mapete mambo Arthur.

gumisiro

Seraphim uye KHLUDOV kudzokera kumusha. KHLUDOV ndoga mumba uye kukwira nepahwindo matavi.

Ndiko apedza zvaimushungurudza kutamba ake "Flight" Bulgakov. Pfupiso yebhuku nayo - chiri chiduku chikamu zvose zviitiko, saka vachiri kuverenga chokutanga mutambo. Uye nokuda nani maonero ose zviitiko kwakaitirwa intelligentsia Russian uye vanhu Russian zvavo, zviri chinodiwa kuona kutamba, nekuti kutamba zvakanaka chete kuzoona pane kuverenga. Zvisinei, kana ichi hazvibviri, zvakanakisisa kutaura zvose zvikuru firimu "Kumhanya" (1970).