Kuongorora sendima "Masikati". Tyutchev: Early Creativity

F.I. Tyutchev mudetembi uyo anoshungurudzika uye nefilosofi anotarisa kusagadzikana kwehupenyu hwehupenyu. Mifungo yake inobatanidzwa nemasangano evanhu, rudo uye zvisikwa, izvo zvaasingorondedzeri chete mumutsara unodikanwa, asi unofamba. Tichaongorora nhetembo "Masikati". Tyutchev akanyora muna 1829, apo aigara muMunich uye akanga atova akaroora muchivande kumukadzi wake wokutanga. Upenyu hwavo hwakanga hwakazadzwa nekufadzwa - manzwiro mamwechete anopfugama "Masikati".

Midday landscape

Pamberi pedu pane zuva rezhizha mune zvaro zvose. Kuneta nokupisa, chimiro chinosara, hachisi chinhu chimwe chete chinoparidzirwa mune zviduku. Akashongedzwa "nehope huru". Chii chatinoona patinoongorora nhetembo "Masikati"? Tyutchev akabatanidza, sezvaaifarira makore aya, mumigumo miviri yekupedzisira yekare maitiro: guru Pan, anorara mubako nymphs. Pan personifies mweya wezvakasikwa. VaGiriki vaidavira kuti panguva yemasikati, vamwari vose uye zvakasikwa zvakagamuchira runyararo. Kuongorora kwechirongo "Masikati" kunoratidzei? Tyutchev akabatanidza nyika dzavo neshoko rokuti "lazily", achiishandisa katatu, izvo zvinopa kuwedzera kune kutaura. Masikati anofema zvakanaka, sezvo rwizi ruchivhuvhuta uye makore anotonhora. Yakanyarara doro muAracadia mukunaya kwepako, iyo nymph Pan inoumba mafungiro chaiwo: pamwe naye, mushure memitambo, inofadza, inoshanda yese yakavata.

Nheyo yetsani

Kuongorora kwechirongo "Masikati" kunoti chii? Tyutchev akaita hurukuro yemufananidzo wemamiriro ekumaodzanyemba kuAdriatic. Pamberi pake, mufananidzo weK. Briullov "WeItaly Noon" uye, zvisingaiti, musha weRussia - mumhepo inopisa isingasviki yose yakamira uye yakazadzwa nerurior. Zvisikwa ndezvekusingaperi uye zvinozvibvumira kuva simbe, hazviiti, zvichienderana nemitemo yedu yevanhu, zvinopera kana munguva kana munzvimbo. Akananga kurondedzera kusingagumi nekusingaperi mumutambo wake muduku Tyutchev. Masikati, ane pfungwa yakazara nerunyararo rusingaperi, rwakave dzvene kune vafudzi veHellas, avo vaitya kutambudza vamwe vose vePan.

Inyanzvi zvinoreva

Iyo nhetembo inosanganisira mabhuku maviri, ayo akanyorwa neIambic ine-ine maronda mana. Rhyme iri nyore uye iri nyore pakunzwa nekuyeuka - girdling.

Chimiro chomunyori wechirangaridzo ndechekunamata uye kufara. Inversion uye chirevo "chinopisa masikati" chinounza munhetembo mweya wezvakasikwa pachayo. Mukutanga quatrain, inversions inoitika mumutsara mumwechete: "rwizi runoputika", "makore anopera". Mukuwedzera, zvinonyatsojeka kuti epithets zvinoshandiswa kuratidzira kupisa. Noonday haina hazy, iyo yakasviba inotyisa uye yakachena, kugona kunopisa. Epithet "lazily" inoratidza chinangwa che nguva ino yezuva.

FI Tyutchev masikati anoratidza sehutano hwekurara hope nekutaura kunoshamisa. Pano zvakare, chirevo "semhashu" chinoshandiswa: zvose zvakasikwa zvakabatwa nehope. Masikati makuru eTyutchev anoita kuti zvikwanise kuona moto unopisa wezhizha, pamusoro payo inopisa inopisa. Mukuita kudaro, anozadza nhetembo nemashoko echiito anotsanangura nyika yezuva inotonhora: anopfutidza, mafunguro, anonyunguduka, anogumburwa.

Basa rokutanga reTyttchev

Muma1920s na1930s nhetembo dzeFiutchev dzakanga dzakataridzwa nemashoko ekuda. Nyika yose iri mupenyu uye inofanirwa iye. Panguva iyoyo aifarira mafiropu chaiwo eF Schelling. Panguva imwecheteyo, F. Tyutchev anoswededza pedyo neSlavophils, uyo akaziva maonero ekufungidzira uye ruchiva rwemapikisitoriki rwemaGerman mabhuku. Munyori wenhau ainyanya kufarira nyaya dzehukama pakati pemunhu nemasikirwo, munhu uye zvisikwa zvose, kunamata kwezvinhu zvose, pfungwa yepasi rose mweya. Echoes yezvaanofarira tinosangana, tichiongorora nhetembo "Masikati". Tyutchev, achiumba mufananidzo wezuva rinopisa, akaita kuti zvive zvakakwana. Nokuti iye, mweya nerwizi, uye denga rinobhenekera, uye makore anotinhira pamusoro pacho, uye kupisa kunopisa. Mune nhetembo yake maitiro eEuropean romanticism neRussia mazwi anogadziriswa.