Kusiyana Sunnis uye Shi'ites: simba sei vari uye chii vari?

Munguva ichangopfuura, Islam ndiyo yechipiri mumutsetse vezvitendero zvenyika kwava dzidziso chaiyo. simba rake rakasimba zvokuti vanhu vakawanda vanofunga kuti chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha negwaro zvinhu. Zvisinei, chitendero ichi zvikuru heterogeneous, uye kazhinji pakati vatsigiri varo pane zvakakomba mukurwisana vari. Saka kungava kubatsira kunzwisisa zvakataurwa Kusiyana Sunnis uye Shiites, mbiri matavi chikuru Islam. Mazita avo dzinowanzoratidzwa vanotaurwa nhau, uye panguva imwecheteyo vakawanda vedu tine chete nepfungwa isina kujeka pamusoro date Rwako.

Sunnis

Vateveri kufamba Islam paakasvika zita raro nokuti kuti chinhu chikuru kuti akaedza ndiye "Sunna" - kuva dzemitemo uye mitemo anobva pamabasa uye mashoko Prophet Muhammad. mabviro ichi rinotsanangura nguva dzose Korani zvakaoma uye riri kwokunwa nayo. Ndiwo musiyano unokosha pakati Sunnis uye Shiites. Ona kuti izvi ndizvo negwara Islam zvakazara. Mune zvimwe zviitiko zvichitevera "Sunnah" anova hwokunyanyisa, akanyanyisa siyana. Somuenzaniso, ari Afghan Taliban, izvo kunosimbisa haangogoni mhando zvipfeko, asiwo kureba ndebvu nevanhu.

Shiites

mirayiridzo iyi Islam inobvumira vakasununguka kududzirwa dzidziso muporofita. Zvisinei, kodzero, kwete zvose asi vakasarudzwa chete. Sunni-Shia kusiyana zvinosanganisira zvakare chokwadi chokuti ekupedzisira inokurukurwa okunyanyisa, avo echitendero pezvakaitwa kuri mune imwe mumutambo. Bazi iri Islam ndiye chechipiri pakukura uye mutengo, uye zita vatsigiri vayo rinoreva "vateveri." Asi musiyano iri Sunnis uye Shiites regai kugumira ipapo. Zvapedzisira kazhinji vachinzi "Ali neshamwari." Izvi imhaka yokuti pashure muporofita akafa reArab Caliphate , nharo dzakamuka kuti ndiani anofanira mumaoko simba. Maererano Shia caliph akanga kuva Ali Bin Abhi - mudzidzi Muhammad uye ake chinotevera hama. The paradzanisa kwakaitika anenge pakarepo pashure muprofita afa. Pashure paizvozvo, hondo yakatanga, panguva iyo mugore 661, Ali akaurayiwa. Gare gare vanakomana vake, Hussein uye Hassan, vakauriyiwawo. Panyaya iyi, rufu rokutanga izvi, kwakaitika mugore 680, kusvikira zvino kuonekwa Shiites sezvo nhoroondo dambudziko vaMuslim zvose. Pakuyeuka chiitiko ichi ichiri pazuva Ashura vatsigiri magetsi vakatakura mupfungwa mariro mudungwe, umo vadzidzi mudungwe vachirova minondo yavo uye ngetani.

Ndezvipi zvimwe misayano Sunnis uye Shiites

Party Ali anotenda kuti simba Caliphate anofanira vakadzokera imams - sezvo dzinonzi zvakananga zvizvarwa Ali. Sezvo Shiites vanodavira kuti simba guru kwagara naMwari, ivo vanoramba mukana musarudzo. Maererano maonero, ivo imams - rudzi nhume pakati paMwari uye murume. Kusiyana neizvi, Sunnis vanotenda kuti kunamata hakufaniri kuva zvakananga kuna Allah, uye saka pfungwa pamwe nevamiririri ari mutorwa kwavari. Zvisinei, pasinei kusiyana pakati Sunni uye Shiites, musiyano pakati dzenzvimbo izvi munguva Hajj akangamwa. Kunonamata Mecca - ndicho chiitiko chinokosha kuti rinounza pamwechete vaMuslim zvose, pasinei nezvavaizoita vangava kusiyana nokutenda.