Lamiaceae mhuri: Description

Munyaya ino tinoda kutaura pamusoro mhuri Labiatae. Maererano achangopfuura data, pane mhuri dzinenge mazana maviri - 3,500 marudzi. Vakawana zvinenge pose. Regai kukura chete muna Antarctica uye Artık. Vashoma vavo vari taiga rokufambira, ivo vanosarudza inopisa munzvimbo gomo. Lamiaceae mhuri - pachangu chaizvo kasvisto. Plants kuti ndiko kwaari, kuziva zvikurukuru sezvo bhizimisi pamusoro somushonga mbishi zvinhu rwokuzvarwa mavambo.

Kutarisika miti

Plants kuti mumhuri Labiatae, sezviri pachena vane maitiro yakarongeka. Ndivo nyore chaizvo kuwana ruva, iyo pane refu chubhu uye vaviri-lipped shaya, akafanana noruvazhe muromo naka zvisikwa. Nyaya iyi ine chete mhuri Labiatae. The Inflorescence iri rudzi kushanda hariwaniki dzimwe zvirimwa.

Kana zvibereko, vanewo kujairika chimiro. Chibereko mhuri Labiatae inoumbwa mana chete-seeded, muchimiro nzungu, clove.

Uyewo maitiro ndiwo nzvimbo yose mashizha kubva kumativi akasiyana. Madzinde Kazhinji kuva tetrahedral chimiro. Zvinoitwa mhuri Labiatae kwaizova kukwana pasina kutaurwa simba pakubika, inova yaingowanikwa yakakura wandei zvinomera. Kuwedzera munuhwi nokuda kwe dzakasiyana-siyana chirimwa mumasero kuti secrete mafuta Esteri. Izvi imhaka pamberi kwemafuta izvi zvirimwa dzemhuri Lamiaceae anoshandiswa nevakawanda sezvo medicaments, anonhuhwirira uye maindasitiri zvirimwa. About vakawanda vavo kutaura.

Family Labiatae: Representatives

Vamiririri vemhuri iyi siyana kwazvo. Vazhinji vavo - ndiwo nemiti uye makwenzi. Zvisinei, muna subtropics uye dzinopisa zvakajairika nemiti. mumiriri Bright kwakapararira muMediterranean erosemary officinalis. Inguva miti yakasvibira shrub pamwe Linear mashizha maduku uye Violet maruva.

mhuri Labiatae (mufananidzo rakapiwa munyaya) iri anomiririrwa miti, asi zvinowanika chete munzvimbo dzinopisa. Vamwe vavo kusvika kukwirira gumi mamita. Asi sezvo ari kutonga, huni Labiatae haana kukura mamita anopfuura mashanu.

Lamiaceae herbaceous

Grass mhuri Labiatae - nayo tote chirimwa, hazvina haatarisiri rutsigiro. Zvisinei, panewo zvinokambaira rudzi (semuenzaniso, Glechoma hederacea). Uye panguva miti akadai Ajuga reptans, haasi chete tote mabukira, asiwo axils nemashizha kungokura yokufeva spines, rooting pasi pamwe yadzo (sezvinoita matavi anotandira kubva Strawberry).

The midzi

Plants kuramba mudzi wavo chikuru muupenyu hwake. Dzimwe nguva pane zviitiko kana ikafa yayo kutsiva adventitious midzi kuti Uchabva hunde kana zvinokambaira Matavi. Rhizomes anowanzoramba kuti hombe wandei Labiatae.

Ndoda zvakafanana miti pamwe mudzi suckers, kufanana zhivuchka Geneva. In kumahombekombe mhando kukura waterlogged nevhu, midzi dzimwe nguva kutora chimiro tubers, iyo veko kudya.

mamiriro mashizha

Vamiririri mhuri kazhinji yose, dzimwe nguva mvere-rinocheka mashizha. Asi dzimwe nguva pane mhando kusimira, akadai Sora somuzivi. Panyaya iyi chirimwa akafuka gobvu paiva vhudzi (Stachys Crete, Crimean Zheleznitsa).

namaruva Labiatae

Sezvataona kare, chaiye marongerwo uye vane maruva. mhuri Lamiaceae kunoratidzwa ndechokuti ekupedzisira vane, sezvinoita mutemo, muri zvepabonde nevarume uyewo nevakadzi. Ivo riri shizha axils. Chete vashoma rudzi vanowanikwa maruva roga. Kakawanda vari inounganidzwa mu Inflorescence zvezvimedu maviri kuti vanoumba anonzi yakatesvera panyanga dzacho. Dzimwe kunyange vane spines yakagadzirirwa kudzivirira chirimwa rurege kudyiwa nemhuka. Miti iyi inowanikwa makomo ose Central Asia (bulldog chiremwaremwa).

Kazhinji, aine mbiya uye whisk Labiatae panofanira mapepa shanu, fused kuva chubhu. Kazhinji, mukombe haiperi: bhero-zvakaumbwa, tubular, voronchatoy, idenderedzwa. okunatsiridza ayo chokuita mukuedza kuchinja kupararira muchero. Calyx anogona kuchinja ruvara, vachiva inopenya kwazvo, kuti atambudzwe shiri uye mhuka inogona kukura nokuwedzera kuti windage, kuparadzira mbeu mhepo.

Lamiaceae mhuri - zvirimwa mune mumwe floret Stamens mana vasiyana Corolla chubhu. Vamwe dzinopisa howa Stamens fused pamwe chete. Below nzvimbo yavo ine fibrous chindori icho chinangwa kudzivirira dakunanzva.

Panobva Mukume Labiatae anogona kuva zvitarisiko akasiyana siyana. Zvose zvinoenderana ukuru anochinjika pakati nembesa pollination. Dzimwe nguva pane zvechokwadi kunzwisisa "zvigadziriswe", kufanana Zheleznitsa uye skullcap.

Kunyange zvakawanda chinowanzokonzera Labiatae maruva zvepabonde nevarume uyewo nevakadzi, vamiririri zhinji vane Stamens nechikadzi pamwe pamwe navo. Ndoda zvinogoneka kusangana maruva makono. Muenzaniso mumwe chirimwa ichi miriwo mhuri Labiatae amplexicaul akafa-yorukato (masora).

muchero

mhuri Lamiaceae, nhengo iyo inokurukurwa nesu, kwakasiyana kuti zvose miriwo vane maitiro nemamiriro mudumbu. Kazhinji, inoitwa lobes zvina, chimwe nechimwe chine mbeu imwe. The chaizvo Maumbirwe mudumbu anogona kuva akasiyana zvikuru. Whisk mu muchero kazhinji rinowira, asi mukombe zvirokwazvo anoramba uye inokura kuti. The akura mbeu endosperm vasipo.

Chokunze goko kuti migove kazhinji nematambudziko chimiro chinowedzera kupararira mbeu.

kuwedzera nzvimbo

Vamiriri ichi mhando kasvisto, sezvo mhuri Labiatae (Lamiaceae), richiparadzirwa munyika yose. Kunyanya yakawanda navo munyika muMediterranean kasvisto (kubva Canary Islands uye kuna Western Himalayas). Asi musango zvirimwa zvakadai dzinenge vasipo. MuParadhiso nokuti Labiatae - Tropical gomo nzvimbo. Kunyanya yakawanda vari South uye kuCentral America. In Australia mune chete endemic kuti kondinendi, chete anenge zana marudzi. Kunyange rourombo aiva New Zealand, apo pane chimwe chete mhando cheminte * uye mumwe mhando skullcap, uyewo mumiririri mumwe genus Tetrahondra. Asi zvikuru yakawanda Labiatae muna Hawaii, ivo anomiririrwa maviri endemic genera.

Plants of mhuri vanosarudza kukura ari pachena mugomo kana pamapani munzvimbo. Kwavari dzakakodzera drier kuvat nevhu. Pakati pavo, dukuduku kumafuro uye dondo zvinomera. The anogara achinaya mvura vanokwanisa kurarama chete vamiririri shoma, sezvo Labiatae haana kushivirira kunyanya hunyoro. Panyaya iyi hwemvura marudzi, havapo zvakasikwa. Kune vashoma genera, mamwe marudzi kuti kukura pamahombekombe madziva uye marshes. Muenzaniso perennial pamiriwo mhuri Labiatae - chemindi skullcap uye lycopus.

chirimwa pollination ne nezvipembenene

Ukama Labiatae zvipembenene pollinating, muri kunzwisisa uye dzinokonzerwa refu kwacho yemhindumupindu. zvirimwa avo mumhuri iyi, izvo vakawanda nyore vakaronga maruva, mukume nenhunzi uye Hymenoptera, sezvo dakunanzva kwavari kuti hakuna kuoma.

In Labiatae, mamwe kunzwisisa imwe nemamiriro ruva, dakunanzva haisi kudaro vanongosiyiwa. It riri pasi refu chubhu. Pollination kwazvakaita aya vavimbisana kungozvifunga uye Hymenoptera, kashoma nhunzi huru, hoverflies.

mudziyo Unique ari muchimiro mhikuriso, izvo zvinoita kuti tisvike nekita Tupukanana ane somuzivi. Zvipembenene vanofanira chipiko kundoitora, nei vakauya. In subtropical uye mvura kumatunhu America zvinomera zviri dusted ne zvishoma hummingbird. Saizvozvo sezvo Hummingbird, uchishandisa shavishavi Brajnikov mhuri. Ivo kuyengerera kumativi maruva uye panguva imwecheteyo dzinoyamwa nekita muromo, musoro anobata Stamens.

Vamwe zvirimwa vemhuri Labiatae vane sechivako ruva, imwe kwezvinhu, akagara pamusoro paro, mukume akasasiya dumbu rayo obva akazviuraya. Very zvisingawanzoitiki mhando anogona kuzvidzora pollinate.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti Labiatae vane nzira dzavo pachavo kuti atambudzwe nezvipembenene, somuenzaniso, muchimiro munhu yakajeka zvikamu ruva.

kwadzakabva zvinomera kuti vaparadzire

Panyaya maberekero, ruzhinji iri anoparadzirwa nemhepo. Mukuita kunosanganisira chimwe-seeded muchero mugove, iyo yakawedzera nokuda windage vhudzi kana bapiro serin'i outgrowths. In Africa, vakawanda zvikuru Tinneh mhando. Saka, vakanga michero hoholkoobraznymi nenhoo kubatsira kuparadzira mbeu.

Dzimwe nguva havadarowo madzinde akaoma, mbeu pachavo vari zvishoma nezvishoma anoparadzira nemhepo. Dzimwe, nekusiyana, vanokurumidza muparadzane pedo pasi, uye mhepo kutakura steppes, iyo sieving nechibereko. Izvi rwakapetwa-munda mamirire kuti mamwe marudzi somuzivi, catnip, zopnika. The refu michero uchava mukombe, kunyanya pamusoro yakareba marefu ivo outsource. Chikonzero ichi kuti vazhinji Labiatae vane yakavimbika zvishandiso kuchengeta mbeu.

Humwe howa, nekusiyana, zvakarongwa nenzira yakadaro kuti muchero anowira, pamwe mukombe uye nokuda kuti ine seiri guru, iyo inoita kuti kupararira pamusoro madaro marefu.

Pakati Labiatae pane miti yakawanda kuti kuparadzirwa pachishandiswa zvipenyu. Panguva iyoyo havasi adaptations zvishoma zvinonakidza kuti uvabatsire ichi. Vamwe vavo vari kudyiwa neshiri nemhuka, nepo vamwe vanonamatira pezvakaitwa kuti bvudzi ravo uye nguo vanhu. Mumwe mhando awana nzira yayo kuti kuparadzirwa.

In dzinopisa, zvimwe zvibereko akafukidzwa dzine goko (muchimiro michero) kuti chinokwezva shiri nemhuka, apo vamwe vari lubricated ane namira fuma, runovabvumira kuomerera mbava kana minhenga.

Asi kwadzakabva kupararira dzimwe mhando zvayo nenjodzi. Somuenzaniso, dzimwe mhando yorukato uye zhivuchka ndiwo zvinhu kuti zvokudya semasvosve, zviri mubatsiri wavo muchero kupararira. The chirimwa Brazilian hyptis akaronga kuita kuti mukuru nguva dzose yaigarwa muhutongi masvosve mukati interstices ayo.

Labiatae vari kusarudza nzvimbo yavo yokugara Coast nzizi marshes, vave akayangarara chikamu muchero, uye saka pasi mvura nzira, dzimwe nguva achibatsirwa mhuka.

kunyoresa

Grass, shrub, muzambiringa, shrub dzemhuri Labiatae - zvose izvi-siyana dzemhuri imwe. Vakawanda vavo vari mutsika raEta-mafuta, uye saka kufarira munhu wacho. miti yakadaro inosanganisira: Basil, somuzivi, Shandra, Dubrovnik, erosemary uye lavender.

Lavender - mumwe shrub yemhuri Labiatae. Kune zvinopfuura makumi maviri nezvishanu zvipenyu ayo. Munyika dzakawanda vazvinorimirwa chete kuti mafuta akasiyana zvinokosha. Uye dzimwe mhando zvinofadza zvirimwa vane mubereko sechinhu decoration somushonga uchi chirimwa.

Basil zvakare zvinoreva shrub uye subshrub zvinomera. Munguva subtropics uye dzinopisa, pane vanenge 150 rudzi ayo, vamwe vavo kupa mafuta zvinokosha zvinokosha. Uyezve, Basil unoshandiswa nevakawanda senzira nezvinoshandiswa cuisines dzakawanda munyika.

The akakurumbira somuzivi anewo mhando dzakawanda, vamwe vari uchi chirimwa uye kunobva anonhuhwirira. MuRussia, chinoremedza ari inowanzorimwa wongoramba.

Perilla - mumiriri wepagore Labiatae. Ichi chinhu chaizvo oilseeds. Yakura muAsia uye Japan, China uye North Korea, uye kunyange East ari Far. Mbeu ndiwo dzinodyiwa uye maindasitiri anonhuwirira. Uyezve, dzimwe mhando vane Sora kushanda, uye ndezvipi uchi chirimwa.

Somushonga Plants of mhuri Labiatae

Lamiaceae kare dzakakurumbira aikoshesa semushonga. Uye ikozvino vachishingaira kushandisa kwavo kuporesa zvinhu. Munyaya yedu nharaunda akanakisisa anozivikanwa akasiyana vari: mindi, motherwort, somuzivi, lycopus, betony , etc ...

Somuzivi - hazvisi chete zvirimwa mafuta, asiwo somushonga chirimwa yemhuri Labiatae. Its achishingaira kushandiswa kudiridzwa uye rinses dzaiita zvokutaurwa mhango nepahuro.

Basil hwakaenzana kurasikirwa kudya, kupatirwa uye flatulence. Dzimwe nguva rinoshandiswa senzira kakaridza nokuda kwazvo huro, nokuti panenge pachirwadza kuti maronda akaora.

Oregano - uyewo Labiatae miriwo mhuri, rinoshandiswa kuti kurapa gastric uye intestinal zvirwere uye bronchitis. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti mafuta oregano mutezo nezvizoro vakawanda vachidzipukuta kuti zvakanaka kuti rheumatism. Uyewo chirimwa kushandisa sezvo nezvinonhuhwira, somuenzaniso, mune chili wokuItaly inozivikanwa kugadzirira cook. The mafuta rinokosha chirimwa ichi chinoshamisa. In Indian mushonga oregano rinoshandiswa kwete chete nokuda pakurapa gastric zvirwere, asi huta zvirwere.

Familiar kwatiri kubva pauduku peppermint tea chikamu akaunganidzwa kuti vabatsire pakurapa chiropa, nduru dundira, ura dumbu zhinji. Kazhinji anogona kuwanikwa mari zhinji. Mukuwedzera, mumusha wake tii brewed sezvo nyore sezvo ambononwa kunhuhwirira kwazvo, unofadza uye ane kunyaradza zvikuru.

Dubrovnik munhuwo aishandiswa mushonga gastric zvirwere gallbladder ura. Uyezve, iye anokwanisa fadza havi uye anobatsira pamwe bronchitis.

Marjoram rakajairika kwatiri somunhu condiment. It kunonatsiridza Nzara, anotokonya paumbwe bile uye gastric muto. tincture Its ane akambozvishandisa kuuraya utachiona, antispasmodic, diuretic uye tonic kushanda. Marjoram rakashandiswa gastritis uye chisingaperi cholecystitis, flatulence uye musoro kutenderera zvinetso, kushaya hope, mumarutsi.

Galeopsis zvakanaka kukosora uye siyana pulmonary zvirwere. Uyezve, zvave krovoochistitelnoe ehupfumi akashandiswa zvirwere munduru dundira uye chiropa.

Itsvo tii - kunoshamisa diuretic, iro zvikuru kushandiswa zvirwere Urinary turakiti.

Nyama ine kwaibatsira pamusoro mudumbu, kubatsira kusunungura muto, saka rinoshandiswa fadza havi. Brewed somunhu tii, rinoshandiswa ane runny mhino uye chikosoro.

Thyme inoshandiswa mukurapa sechinhu expectorant.

Mukati nyaya, takataura chete nedzimwe makwenzi dzemhuri Lamiaceae. Kutaura zvazviri, vakawanda vavo, hazvibviri sechapupu zvose. Asi kuti chaizvoizvo kubatsira ose zvirwere, kunoratidza-refu amire tsika chikumbiro chavo munyika dzakasiyana panyika.

Labiatae yakatipoteredza

Ndinoda kuona kuti zvirimwa mhuri Lamiaceae kukura kwete chete dzomusango. Ungaora akashamisika, asi pakati zvirimwa pamibhedha yedu zvakakwana kuti boka iri, dzakadai chete Salvia, chinofadza isu pamwe maruva avo inopenya vasati vasvika kuchitonhora.

Uyezve, vamwe maruva kukura pamusoro pahwindo wedu Apartments, uyewo ndezvaJehovha Labiatae: coleus, Ivy Swedish, muti matadza. havana kare kudiwa Madzimai epamusha kwavo nyore uye vakagwinya ruvara. Havadi kutarisirwa, asi nguva dzose zvinofadza runako kwayo. Muchirimo, zvinomera zvikure kwazvo pamusoro muvharanda, asi yechando mufurati. Vanosarudza chiedza chinopenya, saka vanofanira kupfeka rwezasi strontium.

Kana mvura, zvinofanira kuva zvakare kakawanda. Nomuchando, ndingadaro neapo. Sezvo yapfuura isu ndokuti Labiatae haana kushivirira zvakawandisa hunyoro, uyu unoshandawo vamiririri mhuri.

Munguva ichangopfuura, imwe mufashoni chaizvo kuva chirimwa akafanana erosemary. Hakusi chete senzira condiment, asiwo zvinokura mumba. Zvisinei, kuti chirimwa haadi dzakakwirira tembiricha yakaoma mhepo huru kudziyisa (vangatotadza mashizha uye kutanga kwayo). Ine zvakanaka decoration chitarisiko, anova kunyanya dzinonakidza panguva maruva, kana yose yafukidzwa maruva duku yebhuruu kana mutema. Muchirimo, vamwe epamba Vakasimwa kunyange imba miti pachena muvhu, apo vanonzwa zvakanaka. Asi kusati kwatombova kuchitonhora erosemary vanofanira kudzokera kumusha zvakare, nokuti havazopukunyuki chando. tsika iyi zvakanaka kuti musha kushandiswa, kwete chete nokuda nezvishongo kwemarudzi. Chirimwa inongorira munhuwi inofadza yokuchenesa mhepo, nokuti ane bactericidal ehupfumi.

panzvimbo imwe epilogue

Pakati zvirimwa zvinenge isu muupenyu hwezuva nezuva, vazhinji vevaya kuti mumhuri Labiatae. Sezvataona, havasi chete shongedza musha uye ruva yedu mibhedha, asiwo zvikuru inoshandiswa mukurapa uye perfumery. Asi kuvapo vazhinji vavo tisina kumbofunga, ndoda kuziva kuti nhengo mhuri yakadaro rakakura.