Leonid Khrushchev: Biography uye pikicha

Khrushchev Kutonga (1953-1964) - chete munhoroondo Soviet kuti vanhu vanoyeuka mashoko akanaka. Article Hero - Hruschova Leonid mwanakomana, uyo Biography ichiri nyaya gakava zvedzidzo dzekare haisviki munhu nekubvirana.

vabereki

Zvinozivikanwa kuti mukomana akazvarwa musi munharaunda Donbass ano - mumusha metallurgists Yuzovka, mazuva matatu gare gare, pashure October Revolution. Date yokuzvarwa - 10.11.1917. Aiva mwanakomana worugotwe Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev uye Euphrosyne Ivanovna (Nee - Pisarev). 07.02.1914 magwaro Nicholas Church Bakhmut County (yangu "Rutchenkovskiy") pane zvinyorwa zvavo yepamutemo kunyoresa muchato. kwomubatanidzwa uyu achava chete formalized nezvayo pamberi nokubudiswa Khrushchev kuti mudyandigere.

Yefrosinya aiva mumwe wevanasikana mashanu muridzi weimba, uyo panguva iyoyo, "akakwira" Khrushchev. Leonid pauduku akapotsa haana kurangarira baba vake. Muna 1918 akaenda Civil hondo nokuda Bolsheviks, uye mukadzi - muna Kursk mudunhu, vabereki vake. Muna 1920, iye akafa typhus, zvichisiya mwanasikana wake Julia 1915 p. uye mwanakomana. Photo womukadzi kunogona kuonekwa munyaya pazasi. For Nikita Khrushchev, zvakanga rinorema kuparadza kubva pazviri achapora chete muna 4 makore kutanga mhuri itsva.

udiki

Vana vakanga navanasekuru, kusvikira akatora baba vangu navo amene. Basa rake bato akatora Vgoru, uye muna 1931 vakatamira Moscow, Khrushchev. Yulia ane mudzimai mutsva Nikita Sergeyevich - Nina Kukharchuk - aiva noukama hwakanaka, zvisina chokwadi pamusoro Leonid. Iye akakurira mumugwagwa, akasiya kuitwa oga. Ndapedza kubva makirasi nomwe, iye akanyoresa pachikoro, pa 17 vakatanga kushanda panguva fekitari.

Leonid Khrushchev akabudirira zvikuru nevakadzi. Kwemakore makumi maviri ndakasiya vakomana vaviri, pamwe chete - ane mwana mumaoko. Vose vaiva vechiJudha. With Rosalia Treyvas, mutambi, iye kunyange akasaina, asi baba demonstratively akabvarura gwaro muchato. Esfir Etinger, ndege mwanasikana muna 1935 akabereka mwanakomana wake Yuri, uyo upenyu hwake hwose aipfeka uye anonziwo Leonida Hruschova. Baba gore asati agadzwa First Munyori CIM, iyo inopa mikana mitsva mwanakomana wake.

"Vechidiki - denga!"

Stalin mhosva kuti avhiyesheni kutora zvainoita "uduku yendarama" nguva yake. Vanakomana vokutanga vanhu chavakadzidza muna BBA. Zhukovsky. Zvakanga ngaikudzwe chaizvo, vakanga vakaenzana. With dzidzo yake Leonid Hruschov kugona kukodzera Zhukovka, asi akaenda kuchikoro vezvikepe GVF (Balashov). Ndapedza kubva muna 1937, akanga akabvuma kuti chikoro, asi dhesiki haana kugara pasi. Muna 1939, nokuzvidira akabatana Red Army, kuramba kudzidziswa EVASCH (avhiyesheni chikoro Shona).

Panguva Soviet-Finnish War, akazvipira kuti kumberi, zvinobhururuka Ndege Ar-2. Air Division wavarwi akapa rondedzero refutenendi, uyo chaibatanidzwa kubhomba pakati kwazvo pakati Mannerheim Line.

The ngano rokutanga - wokutanga chivimbo

Muna 1938, baba vake (N. S. Hruschova) hwakatamisirwa Ukraine, apo akaenda yepamusoro. Kwapera gore, Leonid akaroora lotchitse Moscow Aeroclub Lyubovi Sizyh, uye muna January 1940, Julia mwanasikana akaberekwa. Wife zvairatidzika hunhu wake: asingatyi parachutist, famously vakakwanisa pamwe mudhudhudhu. Aivawo nemukurumbira ushingiwo uye kunyange richizvitenda. Anokwanisa kufamba maoko zvitsigiso zambuko kubva kumahombekombe Dnieper kune vamwe. Musikana ane mwana, asi izvozvo hazvina kumisa Nikita Sergeyevich kubvuma mwanakomana sarudzo.

Maiva pamakore aya, ndangariro Sergo Beria, Leonid Khrushchev - mwanakomana Nikity Hruschova - kwakabatana nematsotsi. The chikwata yakanga vaita penzira kupamba chaizofumurwa pamberi hondo. Vakawanda vakapfurwa, uye mwanakomana First Munyori Communist Party rweUkraine zvichipomerwa akagamuchira makore 10 ari mujeri. Saka akaberekwa ngano wokutanga, kwete kuwana chero muvhidhiyo uchapupu. The pachake faira pamusoro Leonid Khrushchev akaramba zvakachengetedzwa of Defense Ministry (Podolsk), chepakutanga autobiography hapana kududzwa tsotsi chinyorwa asingadi.

Kwehondo

Kubvira pazuva rokutanga hondo, uyewo mamwe "Kremlin namachinda makuru" - Mikoyan hama, Yakov Dzhugashvili, Vaeriy Frunze, Vasily Stalin, mwanakomana Khrushchev iri akatumira kuna mberi. Mwedzi miviri chehondo wokutanga akabhururuka pasina pakavha, kurasikirwa zvakawanda ayo vezvikepe. aces German paakapera richibhururuka tsika muEurope, akapikisa zuro wacho kudzidza muzvikoro kokutanga kuti ishande imwe mudhiraivho.

Pakati pavo paiva ruzivo uye asingatyi Khrushchev. Leonid akarwa 134 Aviation hondo (46TH Division), vavesa chete muna July 27 sorties. Wapedza basa kuparadza zambuko pamusoro rwizi Zapadnaya Dvina, zvakanga akaunzirwa emauto mibayiro. Wana mashoko Red Banner Revashumiri pakutanga hondo - chaiva husiri nyore kuwana wechokwadi. January 9, 1942 rokutanga ndege yake akapfurwa pasi uye akagara kwazvakarerekera munharaunda. Vashandi anonunurwa, asi mutyairi akakuvara. Somugumisiro, mumwe kutsemuka akazaruka pfupa akaputsa kuburikidza majombo ake, uye vari muchipatara kugadzirira kuvhiyiwa kuti dimura makumbo ake.

Kunorapwa Kuibyshev

Nokuti jaya upenyu zvakanga zvisingaiti pasina denga. Zvapupu akati pangozi vanachiremba vane pfuti, vakarayira kuti mapfumo kuvhiyiwa. Mwedzi miviri yapera pamubhedha, asi musikana muviri rokutsungirira. Lameness nokuti kuti rimwe gumbo aiva mupfupi zvishoma pane vamwe, vachasara naye kusvikira pakuguma kwemazuva. Mutyairi wendege akatumira Kuibyshev, apo vakanga abviswa yakanakisisa chiedza mushonga. Pano mhuri akararama. Khrushchev pachake akauya pamberi kushanyira vakakuvadzwa mwanakomana, izvo zvinosanganisira inokosha unyoro.

Leonid Khrushchev aiva muimba imwe chete Ruben Ibarruri. Pachipatara akasangana naye Stepan Mikoyan, uyo akazova mukuru akaona ake Kuibyshev nguva youpenyu. Pamashoko Mikoyan vezvikepe vakakuvadzwa kazhinji vainwa, akadzinga noushamwari vachitamba of Bolshoi Theater, anobviswa guta. Panoperera vapore chaibatanidzwa imwe nyaya vakadhakwa akashungurudzwa nemagumo.

Ngano wechipiri kutendiswa

Pane imwe pati, vechidiki vakaita mutambo chaicho Russian Roulette. Naval mukuru uyo anodzidza kuti Leonid Khrushchev moto zvikuru, aida kuwana pfuti mune nehombodo pamusoro wake. Arrows akarova mutsipa. Sailor hariguti, uye iye kumanikidzwa mutyairi kudzokorora chokufambisa. Khrushchev bara wechipiri chairuramira kupinda pahuma, achiuraya mukuru. Stepan Mikoyan anoudza nyaya iyi kubva rwakaipa, kwete ari chapupu chakaona kuitika. Chokwadi chokuti dzimwe nhoroondo dzisina pamwe mukoma wake achiti uye hanzvadzi yake Batsirai Adjoubei.

In netsamba dzake, N. S. Hruschova vavengi (vose akazviratidza pashure pokufa kwake), rinoti kuti Khrushchev pachake akakumbira ruregerero Stalin nokuda mwanakomana wake. Asi akanga achiri akatongerwa makore 8 kushumira mutongo nechemberi.

Yakanga kana haana?

Hapana journalistic kuferefeta chokwadi ichi haana kubudirira. Hapana vhidhiyo uchapupu. Runyerekupe pamusoro chiitiko zvakasiyana kuti chero mhedziso zvisingabviri. Zviitiko zvose tevera kutyora pfungwa kubviswa mutyairi upi Chirango kuwa 1942, akaenda kwete mujeri rechiuto, uye kudzidzisazve, kudzidzisazve ari murwi mutyairi wendege. In November rents bvunzo mugiredhi "akanaka", akagamuchira murayiro chikwata uye epaulets ose refutenendi. Uyezve, vari muchiuto, unouya pamwe chombo, izvo inozobviswa mune chiitiko nechivimbo.

Leonid Khrushchev, ane Biography zvino nyaya pedyo kuongororwa, akaramba kurwa rechi18 mhepo chemazana chehondo, reseeding maneuverability Yak-7. Ndakagamuchira tsika, pezvinenge ndege kubva fekitari rechiuto nechemberi. Nyanzvi dzinoti nekuda pave itsva michina, mufambisi anotora nguva, asi zvimwe munguva yehondo uye aiva asina.

Zvakaitika 11 March 1943

Pane uchapupu hwokuti Khrushchev akatamiswa kuti mauto kudzimbahwe, asi iye akaramba. Denga yaiva kudanwa kwake. Panguva basa anoita 172 anobuda, asi 32 chete - murwi (Dombo raiva 4 chete chasa maminitsi 27). 11. ndege 03. 1943 maviri nendege munzvimbo kuongorora Zhizdra mauto. The peya akadzingwa. At nzvimbo kutungamirira - Art. Refutenendi Zamorin, iyo yakava huru uchapupu munhau yekurwira iyo mwanakomana wake akanga asina kuenda kudzokera munhu akakurumbira bato nhamba.

Varwi vanosangana mana "Fockers" nomwe yokurwisa vezvikepe Soviet. Akadzoka kubva mokundoparidza hunenge Ndege ndege mukuru chete. Chakavanzika rufu Leonida Hruschova nokuda zviviri: kusiyana ari chiratidzo I. Zamorina uye nekusagona kuwana zvasara ndege Yak-7 nokuti nomumachakwi munzvimbo uye kuitisa mhepo varwisane pamusoro ndima yomuvengi.

Zvairatidza Ivan Zamorina

Mushumo wekutanga rakanyorwa pashure kushanyira munhu mukuru refutenendi pamusoro regimental mudonzvo. Mairi, akataura, kuita "Fokker", rakabudiswa pamberi ndege L. Khrushchev. Ndakaona chete sei apinda tailspin, uye vakamhanyira pasi. Papera guerrillas kunzvera residues ndege dzakatangwa, havana kubudirira. Chokutanga, baba akashuma kuti mwanakomana mukuru akanga asipo. Kwapera mwedzi, pausiku April 12, Stalin pachake akaratidza mashoko ekunyaradza kuti taura nhau kuti pasisina tariro. Muna June, baba vangu akagamuchira mwanakomana Order of Patriotic War I dhigirii (paakanga afa).

Mumakore 80 zvakatanga kuparadzira runyerekupe pamusoro sei Leonid Khrushchev vakawira vokuGermany. Fungidzira akapona uye akabatwa uye akava mutengesi. Runyerekupe pakaonekwa pamberi, saka pashure ari kusiya basa ose Khrushchev icho mutyairi afa (dzendege Tokarev SI), panguva iyo hapana uchapupu hwaakatengeswa haana kuwanikwa. Zamorin uchapupu achinja, achiti kuti muranda akanga akamuponesa, achikanda wake mhiri nzira Yak-7 moto kurwisa "Fokker". Ndege chaizvoizvo anopararira mudenga. ripoti yayo yapfuura, akatsanangura, chehondo vehondo vakatya mutoro ndechokuti haana kudzivirira mwanakomana mukuru mukuru, saka, vanosarudza fungidzira iye asipo.

kurasisa version

Military wenhau I. Stadnyuk, vanyori venhau G. Kumanov, N. Dobryuha munyori F. Chuev nevamwe vanobatisisa shanduro Leonid Khrushchev akapfurwa. Ivo vanotaura chokwadi kuti Khrushchev munguva yokutonga kwake akaparadza zvinyorwa achifumura mwanakomana. Achitaura uchapupu hwokuti NKVD Generals (W. Udilov), Molotov, mwanakomana Beria vake, ivo anorondedzera mufananidzo sezvo mutyairi vakakwanisa buritsa, kurova pakutapwa muvengi. Ikoko akatanga kupupura, kuputsa kuchengeteka munyika. Stalin akarayira chaiyo boka SMERSH kuba mutengesi. Mukushanda rakabudirira, uye mwanakomana Khrushchev vake yakaendeswa kuMoscow.

Baba pamabvi ake akakumbira ruregerero, asi Stalin akavimba Mutongo Politburo, romutengesi vakatongerwa rufu. Zvakange kutevedzerwa. Izvi inotsanangura kuvavenga N. S. Hruschova kuti nhengo Central Committee: Beria yakapfurwa, Scherbakovsky Moscow nharaunda rename, uye Kaganovich, Molotov uye Malenkov akatuma kuutapwa. Isina kunanga nokusimbisa shanduro anogona kushumira kusunga Lyubovi Sizyh muna 1943 uye ugozvitumira kumusasa pamusoro mhosva vasori. It vakazoroorwa yakabuda kuti zviitiko izvi zviviri havana chokuita mumwe.

The pamutemo Version

Confident, akaoma musoro uye akashinga, mukomana ane makore 25 okuberekwa zvazova mubatwa Standoff Nikity Hruschova, musoro "nyungudika" ari munyori '60s, uye NKVD vemauto vakaita zvose blacken zita yaimbova First Munyori ari CPSU Central Committee. Kubudisa ane muenzaniso nhamo Jacob Dzhugashvili, akanga akabatwa vokuGermany, mushure kubatwa mukuru-enyika mwanakomana taizotarisira nevaFascist maitiro manyepo mapepa, redhiyo kero, chero hype. Asi hapana matsime kubva kurutivi German, achisimbisa kuwanikwa mutyairi nhapwa.

Miscellaneous uye nyaya, akaurayiwa Leonida Hruschova. kupfura ake zvakasiyana inotsanangurwa "zvapupu zvakaona", apo mudonzvo Metrostroi akawana ngwanda pakati ndege Yak-7, rinobatana nokuwanda murwi unyanzvi. Refutenendi. Data izvi anochengeterwa Archive pamusoro Podolsk. Guva guta Zhizdra inotaurwa zita Khrushchev, izvo zvinopa chikonzero kutaura kwake kuvigwa rufu yacho.

afterword

Kutengeswa muduku mutyairi wendege havana kutenda hama dzake, uye vaya vakanga pachake vaimuziva. Mwanakomana George uye Nina kwakaita muzukurusikana vakakumbira paruzhinji zvinonzwisisika achinyatsoramba mashoko anopiwa mumabhuku akawanda, pasina panotaurwa atawana. Direct murayiro, mamwe masoja, kusanganisira Yak-7 midziyo ndege, kupa kupfuura kumeso unhu mutyairi kuti: Leonid Nikitovich Hruschov aiva akashinga uye asingatyi murume. Aida kurwa, kwete kuhwanda pamafudzi avana mamwe masoja ake, uye mashoko I. Zamorina - mumwe uchapupu. mukurumbira gamba ndiko kukosha kupfuura kutsvaka kokupata sensationalism. More tsvakurudzo iri - nyaya rukudzo zvedzidzo dzekare, vane kuti agumise kupararira makuhwa uye kufungidzira.