Mother Poltava pakurwa - hondo yacho Forest. Peter Kukunda Great

Havasi vose anoziva sei hondo, Peter anonzi "amai Hondo Poltava." Zvichakadai, zvakanga chimwe chezvinhu mhirizhonga pamwe muvengi munhoroondo rekutonga reRussia chamber. Ngationgororei izvozvo zvizere.

tsananguro

Paitonga muvandudzi guru Russia akanga hondo pamwe yeSweden. Nokufamba payo pakanga kushandiswa akawanda muchiuto. Mumwe musazonetsanazve aiva pahondo Lesnaya. Korvolant pasi murayiro wokuRussia chevaux akakunda muvengi muzuva rimwe chete. muvengi zvidzidzo akaraira A. L. Levengaupt.

mauto muvengi

The Swedish reBaltic Corps zvaisanganisira inifanduri uye vamabhiza. Wokutanga chaiva vanhu 8050. The inifanduri vaivapo Smolandsky treteocherednoy uye Finnish-Swedish regiments. weboka rokutanga kwainzi simba yetsiva kugona. Kutaura zvazviri, iye akaita somunhu varwi. Finnish-Swedish hondo yave kuzivikanwa kubvira 1620 yakanga yava zvakasimba chimwe. The emauto vaivapo:

1. Namachinda Livonia dzechikwata. Paiva nevanhu vanenge 200. Pasinei nani murombo chirango kutadza kutora, nokupesana chaiva ngwizhingwi.
2. vanhu vanenge 800. Dragoons simba.
3. Karelian misha dzechikwata. Paiva nevanhu vanenge 300. Kupesana Izvi dzinoratidzwa avhareji operative.
4. Livonia basa hondo pakati dragoons pasi murayiro of Shreyterfelta. Mariri, paiva nevanhu 600. Yakanga yava kurwisa-vakagadzirira dzakabatana yaisanganisira varwi Livonians uye kurlyandtsev.
5. Livonia basa hondo pakati dragoons vachitungamirirwa of Schlippenbach. It Aivawo varume 600. Raiva simba kwazvo kupesana.
6. Other echiShinto.

Kazhinji, asi vatasvi vemabhiza vakaverenga vanhu 4.900.

Gore Hondo Poltava

Paitonga muvandudzi mukuru vaiva kurwisana zhinji muchiuto. Zvisinei, remasangano pavo hondo Poltava. mambo Russian vaipikisa King Karl XII. Negore Hondo Poltava - 1709 - muvengi akanga soundly vakakundwa. Izvi zvakaitwa kuti rakaisvonaka sangano zviito uto Russian zvichibvira kuvonga.

"Mother Poltava Victory": gadziriro

September 28, 1708 muvengi chikwata akagadzirira nechikepe. Pedyo nenzvimbo yavo yaiva sango musha. muvengi zvidzidzo ndakabatikana kukwirira: 6 battalions dziri pamberi mutsetse, vamwe - iri huru pamberi Municipality. murayiro muvengi yakaronga dzinga kudenha mauto eRussia kusvika kusvikira yose mudungwe wemabhazi achapfuura. Flying hondo (korvolant) Petro akatama muzvikamu zviviri mumigwagwa dondo. Varwi vakakwanisa kubuda pakachena mumugwagwa, Nevsky Colonel Campbell akarwiswa yokuzviparadzanisa muvengi akatasva bhiza, pamusoro vanoenda. Kunyange zvakadaro, muvengi akakwanisa zvinozadzisa ari pena kava uye achazunza. Zvichakadai, Campbell akatamira kubatsira kurinda Golitsyn. Iye akakwanisa dislodge nyika yeSweden kubva kumberi mutsetse. Somugumisiro, vokupedzisira yakatamira zvikuru mutsetse. korvolantu Russian dzakakwanisa kusvika navanopinda nzvimbo uye mumutsetse kuti muhondo. The remubatanidzwa iri 1 km kubva muvengi.

Mauto Russian dzakabatana

Pakati okumusoro akanga Guards Brigade Golitsyn. Chaiva Semenovski, Chitarisiko uye vaviri battalions chehondo Ingermalandskogo. Zvayaiva kurudyi bapiro vamabhiza. Wairayira huru vakawanda Stolz uye Schaumburg. Total parutivi kutarisirwa kuti refutenendi-mukuru Washington-Darmstadt. Kuruboshwe divi yaiva vamabhiza. Wairayira voo uye Boehm uye mukuru utariri kuna refutenendi-General Bruce. Pamutsetse uri rechipiri kwaiva 6 regiments ose dragoons. Vakanga ine battalions Ingermalandskogo uye Astrakhan regiments. Rigidity Gadziriro inopiwa grenadiers uye Rostov Dragoon Guards dzakabatana.

Hondo huru

Chii "amai Poltava Battle"? Hondo huru dzaiita zuva 13,00 kusvika 19,00 ne zvishoma kumbozorora. By mid-zuva varwi vose kumativi vakanga vaneta kuti akawira zvakanaka muhondo. Daro pakati pavo kwakanga matanho hapana anopfuura 300. In vaviri maawa vakazorora. Russian akamirira Baur yokuzviparadzanisa, uye yeSweden - kudzoka chains-garde. Nenguva shanu o'clock manheru akauya 4000 dragoons. Russian agamuchira vavabatsire, akatanga kurwisa. Somugumisiro, mashoko yeSweden vakanga kusundwa yavo mukwende. Panguva iyoyowo, iyo vatasvi vemabhiza Baur vadarika muvengi wacho parutivi, rokutora zambuko. Saka muvengi akanga acheka shure. Zvisinei, The yeSweden, pamwe vatsigire Vanguard akakwanisa tirwise zambuko. Nenguva nomwe manheru mambakwedza dzakatanga kuburukira, uye mamiriro okunze akatendeuka zvakaipa. Russian akarega kurwisa, asi Petro vakauya pfuti, izvo zvakaita bombardment chinzvimbo muvengi. Muvengi pakutanga akapindura. Kutokonora nzvimbo mberi kusvikira 10 pm. Lewenhaupt, zvakava pachena kuti aisagona kuponesa mudungwe wemabhazi yose. Panyaya iyi, akasarudza shure. Usiku, kusiya hafu wenhumbi, zvose zvakaipisisa vakuvara uye atirari, mauto muvengi akayambuka rwizi. Panguva iyoyo vakanga akatungidza bivouac moto, kupinda Russian anotsausa.

End of hondo

"Amai of Poltava hondo" dzakaguma nokuti muvengi vatiza. Kana izvi zvikazikamwa kune Russian chamber, akatuma Boka voo mumakwara nomuvengi. Masoja Russian Akabata Livengaupta pedyo Propoisk. Pano achiyambuka watopiwa raparadzwa, saka muvengi akamanikidzwa kusiya chikamu mudungwe wemabhazi wechipiri uende p. SOG. Vakasara vehondo vakatiza hondo Charles XII, pasina chinhu navo kunze pachedu zvombo.

kurasikirwa

"Amai of Poltava hondo" yakaguma kubatwa munhu hombe mudungwe wemabhazi zvokudya, zvombo, atirari, akaverenga kwemwedzi mitatu. Mukuwedzera, muvengi yarasika vakauraya uye akakuvadzwa vanenge zviuru 8. Pers., A musungwa akabatwa anenge 1 zviuru varwi. YeSweden dzakawanda munguva shure dongo. Nokurasikirwa akadaro kunyanya nokuda murombo kuranga varwi vasina sangano dzakabatana. From Russian vakaurayiwa uye vakakuvara anokwana vanenge 4 zviuru. People. Zvisinei, zvachose kurasikirwa mashoko vari kusingajekeswi date of the dragoon regiments kwemashifiti emauto dzakabatana uye mamwe masimba. Yandakapiwa "mai Hondo Poltava" kwave dzinotyisa kwazvo, vaongorori akaisa uwandu akafa uye akuvadzwa - 6 zviuru vanhu .. Sezvataona nezvapupu, vawirwa vakazadza yehondo rinenge zvachose. Kazhinji, pasi payo yaisagona kuonekwa kunyange uswa. Saka, zvinokwanisika here kutaura pamusoro kurasikirwa comparability pamwe mativi.

Kukoshesa

The kuramba kurwa yeSweden akaita hanya chaizvo Russian Emperor. Zvisinei, pashure nezvakaitika September 29, 1708 hondo Charles XII chakakomba kwaitwa. Izvi zvakakanganisa mberi nzira kurwa. Panguva pavanotaurirana mauto kumativi ose anenge nguva dzose kukasawedzerwa. Kubva Russian divi kusvika flanges ari akabatana Baur, nyika yeSweden akatamira vakakwira mauto redeployed kuna Propoisk. Zvisinei, yaiva yokutanga Qualitative ukuru. Varwi kuBaltic redzimba haana Swedish varindiri kana zvimwe vapfumi regiments. Vapedzisira Somuenzaniso, vaiona Dalekarliyskoe chikwata. regiments Vakawanda aigarira kubudikidza Karelians uye Finns uye yeSweden regai uye wokuLivonia vokuGermany uye Estonians, izhoryanami uye Slavs kubva yaimbova Swedish Ingermalandii. The zvikamu vaivapo kunyange vachibva kuPoland, uyewo varwi Germany Länder. Panguva iyoyowo Peter vashandi hondo yake yakanakisisa Guards inifanduri hondo pakati dragoons uye haangotongi.

zvikanganiso

Somumwe zvakakura zvikanganiso Peter vaongorori vanodana kukwana atirari anoshongwa. Paiva 30. chete Mukuwedzera, vakanga zvose diki-caliber. Atirari Baur vasina nguva nenguva kuenda kuhondo. Panyaya iyi, kurwa zvishoma kunonoka uye akanga zvikuru ropa pane kutarisirwa. Hondo muvengi yaingoda ichi, aikwanisa vabudirire pechikara uye vawane nzvimbo pakati itsva chinzvimbo. Russian, akavapindurawo, haana wokurwisa yeSweden pasina atirari rutsigiro. Somugumisiro navavengi hama kuitira aigona shure hondo Charles.

Long-izwi zvinokonzerwa

yeRussian asati aiva zvine urongwa basa. Waiva kuvhura zviri mudungwe wemabhazi, yaisanganisira vaiva Marori vanenge 8000 yakakura. . Somugumisiro zviito mauto Russian kumativi 4 zviuru zvingoro zvaikandwa pedyo nomusha Forest, vanenge 3 zviuru - .. Have Propoisk. Nokudaro, inokosha basa yave akaita chose. Rwisa kunyimwa yeSweden huru muviri wamapoka. Vakasara kuhondo, haana wakaisa zvinenge hapana hondo Charles, dzakamanikidzwa yokuchinja zvirongwa. Zvisinei, Russian akanga asingakwanisi kunyatsonzwisisa pave nokushanda kumukomberedza uye kuparadza reBaltic redzimba. The muvengi akakwanisa kutyora kubva encirclement. Decorations chikamu mauto Livengaupt akakwanisa anobatana huru mauto Charles XII, kunyange kurasikirwa yose chitima nemabara acho uye zvokudya. Somumwe migumisiro pakurwa nyasha hwakazotevera mapfumo pa perevolochna. Carl, inobva zvinonyatsorehwa kubudirira shure Livengaupta Forest, ayo maererano huru vehondo, akamugadza mutungamiri wehondo anoramba. Mushure Poltava, mambo aitarisira kuti mukuru achakwanisa pasina zvakaoma kusvika Crimean Khanate. Raiva mubatanidzwa Sweden panguva uye somutariri Turkish muranda. Asi Lewenhaupt, zvichida vakarasikirwa nokutenda zvinobvira kukunda hondo. Sezvataona dzakaitika, mukuru mukuru akanga pfungwa mwoyo pashure rakakura pokurwa. Nezvenyaya iyi, akanga asina kana simba kana, Ungangove, chido kushandisa yakafanira akatsiga. Zviripachena, pashure hondo yeSango hazvina kurerekera kuramba pavanotaurirana, asi kuti tipe. Mushure kuenda Charles nokuti Dnieper mauto ake - pasina kurasikirwa uye munguva pfupi nguva - vakaisa pasi maoko avo vasati Boka Menshikov.

mhedziso

Russian kukunda pane Poltava aiva mumwe kupfuura munhoroondo rekutonga muvandudzi mukuru. Russian chevaux nguva dzose kuteerera zvikuru kuti uto chokudzidzisa nemasoja. Ndokusaka zvose hondo ndaingoenda zvakanakisisa zvikwata: Semenov uye Preobrazhensky, uyewo zvinenge kuenzana naye chinzvimbo Ingermalandsky hondo, Vladimir, Nizhny Novgorod uye Nevsky of the dragoon dzakabatana. Chinokosha zvikuru, chokwadi, zvakanga kuranga mauto. echiShinto Russian zvakasiyana zvikuru vakarongeka, yakaoma kuchengeta nzira. Izvi zvinobvumira kuti nokukurumidza vanounganidzira mauto kuvakazve mauto zvakananga hondo.