Mazimbe anokonzera mafuta mumuviri womunhu

Zviratidzo zvekudya zvinobatsira zvikuru mumakemikari kushandiswa kwezvokudya zvevanhu . Ndizvo zvavanodzivirira. Iyi nzira yakanyatsogadziriswa. Muchikamu chepamuviri, zvokudya zvinoratidzwa kune zvakasiyana-siyana zvekudya. Pamusana pokupinda kwemakemikari epancreas mumukomana muduku, pane kuenzaniswa kwakakodzera kwezvakakwana uye kushandiswa kwemazuva ose. Munharaunda iyi yose, maantimisi anokosha ekuparara kwemafuta anoita basa rinokosha.

Kugadzikana uye kuparadzaniswa

Maitiro ezvokudya zvinokonzera chinetso chakanyanyisa chinokonzera kuparadzanisa zvinhu zvakaoma izvo zvinopinda muhutachi hwemimba nechingwa. Zvinhu izvi zvinoparadzaniswa zvive nyore, izvo muviri unogona kuita nyore nyore. Muchigadzirwa chekugadzira zvinhu zvekudya, ma enzyme, kana enzyme dzinoputsa mafuta (enzyme), inotora basa rinokosha (pane mitatu miviri). Izvo zvinobudiswa nemararamiro emakumbo uye mudumbu, umo maantimiti anoputsa simba rakakura kwazvo rezvinhu zvinokonzerwa nezvinhu. Izvi zvinosanganisira mafuta, mapuroteni, makhahydrates. Somugumisiro wekutsvaga kune enzyme dzakadai, muviri unofanirwa kuenzanisa zvokudya zvinouya. Inymei inodiwa kuti iwedzere kuitika. Mhando imwe neimwe ye-enzyme yakakodzerwa nemhinduro chaiyo, inoshanda pamhando yakakodzera yekubatana.

Assimilation

Kuti uwane huwandu hwakanaka hwemafuta mumuviri, gastric juice ine lipase inoshanda. Iyi enzyme, iyo inoputsa mafuta, inobereka pancreas. Carbohydrates inoputswa nemaamylase. Mushure mokusununguka, vanokurumidza kupinda uye vanopinda muropa. Kusvetwa kunokurudzirwa neamylase yemate, maltase, lactase. Mapuroteni anonamatira pamusana pemagetsi, ayo achiri kushandiswa mukugadzirisa kwe microflora yemutsara wepamuviri. Izvi zvinosanganisira pepsin, chymosin, trypsin, erepsin uye carboxypeptidase yepascreas.

Ko zita rei enzyme guru rinoputsa mafuta mumuviri womunhu?

Lipase inyanzvi inonyanya kushandiswa, kupatsanurana kuva zvikamu uye kupera kwemafuta muhutano hwevanhu. Kupinda mumatumbo, mafuta haakwanisi kupinda muropa. Nokuda kwekumwa, inofanira kuparadzaniswa kusvika mafuta mafuta uye glycerin. Muchiitiko ichi, lipase inobatsirawo. Kana pane imwe nyaya iyo enzyme inoputsa mafuta (lipase) inoderedzwa, zvinokosha kuti uongorore zvakanyatsotarisa munhu kune oncology.

Lipase pancreatic muchimiro chekusashandira proenzyme prolipase, yakanyanyiswa mu duodenum. Inobatsira prolipase pasi pesimba rebeic acid uye colipase, imwe enzyme inobva pancreatic juice. Lipase lingual inobudiswa mucheche pamusana pezvinyorwa zvemukanwa. Inobatanidzwa mukudya kwemukaka wehadzi.

Lipase chiropa chakavanzwa muropa, uko kunosunga kumadziro edzimba echiropa. Mafuta akawanda kubva pakudya anokamukana mumukati muduku nekuda kwe lipase kubva pancreas.

Kuziva kuti inymei inoputsa mafuta uye chii chaizvoizvo muviri usingakwanisi kurarama nawo, vanachiremba vanogona kupa chirongwa chakakodzera.

Icho chimiro chemakemikari inenge mape enzyme yose ipuroteni. Ipakreas iyowo inhengo yezvokudya uye endocrine systems. Iyo pancreas inobatanidzwa inobatanidzwa mukugadzirisa kwekudya, uye iyo yakanyanya gastric enzyme is pepsin.

Ko pancreatic enzyme inoputsa mafuta muzvinhu zvisinganyanyi kudii?

Amylase anogadzira starch kune oligosaccharides. Uyezve, ma oligosaccharides anorara ku glucose pasi pemafungiro emamwe enzymes ekudya. Glucose inopinda muropa. Kune muviri wemunhu, inopa simba.

Zvose nhengo dzevanhu uye matukisi zvakagadzirwa nemapuroteni. Hazvina kusiyanisa uye pancreas, iyo inobatsira maitiro emuviri chete mushure mekunge varova lumen yemukati muduku. Mukuputsa kushandiswa kwechirongwa chechirongwa ichi, kupisa kunowanikwa. Ichi chirwere chinowanzojairika. Iyo chirwere, umo maine enzyme inoputsa mafuta, inonzi pancreatic insufficiency: exocrine kana intrasecretory.

Zvinetso zvekusakwanira

Kurasikirwa kwakanyanya kwekunze kunoderedza kushandiswa kwemakemikari ekudya. Munyaya iyi, munhu haagoni kudya zvokudya zvakawanda, sezvo basa re triglyceride cleavage risina kunaka. Mune varwere vakadaro mushure mokudya kwemafuta, zviratidzo zvekutsvaga, kusuruvara, uye kurwadziwa mumimba zvinoitika.

Ne intrasecretory insufficiency, hormone insulin haina kubviswa, iyo inobatsira kunyora glucose. Pane chirwere chakanyanya chinonzi chirwere cheshuga. Imwe zita ndiro shuga diabetes. Zita iri rinosanganiswa nekuwedzera mumuguta unobuda nemuviri, semugumisiro wekuti unorasikirwa nemvura uye munhu anonzwa uine nyota nguva dzose. Makhydidharini anenge asingabvi kubva muropa kuenda mumasero uye naizvozvo haashandisi kushandiswa kwesimba remuviri. Nhamba yeglucose muropa inowedzera zvakanyanya, uye inotanga kubudiswa mumugini. Somugumisiro wezviitiko zvakadaro, kushandiswa kwamafuta uye mapuroteni nokuda kwezvinangwa zvemhepo zvakanyanya kuwedzerwa, uye zvigadzirwa zvekushandiswa kusina kukwana kunowedzera mumuviri. Pakupedzisira, acidity muropa inomuka zvakare, iyo inogona kutotungamirira kune chirwere cheshuga. Muchiitiko ichi, murwere ane dambudziko rokufema, kusanganisira kurasikirwa kwekuziva uye rufu.

Mumuenzaniso uyu, tinogona kuona zvakajeka kuti masikirwo emakemikari akakosha ndeapi anoputsa mafuta muviri womunhu, kuitira kuti nhengo dzose dzishande pamwechete.

Glucagon

Kana pane zvinetso, zvakakosha kuzvigadzirisa, kubatsira mutumbi nerubatsiro rwemararamiro akasiyana-siyana ekurapa uye kugadzirira kurapwa.

Glucagon ine zvinopesana nezvinokonzera insulin. Iyi hormone inokanganisa kurwara kweglycogen muropa uye kutendeuka kwemafuta kuva makhahydrates, zvichiita kuti kuwedzere kuwedzera kweglucose muropa. A hormone somatostatin inoderedza secretion ye glucagon.

Kuzvidavirira

Muchirapa, maantimuki anoputsa mafuta muviri womunhu anogona kuwanikwa nekubatsirwa kwemishonga. Vakawanda vavo-kubva pamakona akakurumbira kusvika kune maduku-anozivikanwa uye asina kudhura, asi akaenzana. Chinhu chikuru hachisi chokuzvipa-mishonga. Pashure pezvose, chiremba chete, achishandisa nzira dzinoshandiswa pakuongorora, anogona kusarudza mishonga yakakodzera kuti agadzirise basa remuviri wepamuviri.

Zvisinei, kazhinji isu tinongobatsira chete muviri nemavhenekisi. Chinhu chakaoma kwazvo ndechokuita kuti icho chishande zvakanaka. Kunyanya kana munhu wacho atove akwegura. Ndizvo pakutanga pakuona zvinoratidzika kuti ndakatenga mapiritsi anodiwa - uye chinetso chiri kugadziriswa. Ichokwadi, hazvina kudaro zvachose. Muviri wemunhu ndiyo nzira yakakwana kwazvo, iyo inoramba ikwegura uye inopera. Kana munhu achida kuti amushumire chero bedzi zvichibvira, zvakakosha kumutsigira, kuongorora uye kumubata munguva.

Zvechokwadi, mushure mokuverenga uye kuziva kuti inymei inoputsa mafuta mumaitiro ekuchera, unogona kuenda kumishonga yepamusoro uye kumbira chiremba kuti ataure mushonga unorongeka. Asi izvi zvinogona kuitwa mumatambudziko akasiyana-siyana, kana zvikonzero zvipi zvinokurudzira hazvigoneke kushanyira chiremba kana kumukoka kumba. Zvakakosha kunzwisisa kuti munhu anogona kunyanya kukanganisa uye zviratidzo zvezvirwere zvakasiyana siyana zvinogona kunge zvakafanana. Uye kuitira kuti ugadzirise zvakakodzera, unoda rubatsiro rwechiremba. Kuzvipira kunogona kukuvadza zvakakomba.

Kudya mumudumbu

Gastric juice ine pepsin, hydrochloric acid uye lipase. Pepsin anoshanda chete mumamiriro okunze uye anoparadzanisa mapuroteni kuva peptide. Lipase mu mukaka wegastric unoparadzanisa mafuta chete emulsified (mukaka). Iyo enzyme inobvambura mafuta inova inoshanda chete muhuini yeakariyamu yemukati muduku. Iyo inouya pamwe nekuumbwa kwezvokudya semi-liquid gruel, yakadzingwa kunze nekugadzirisa kusvibiswa kwemutsipa mudumbu. Inosundirwa mu duodenum mune zvikamu zvakasiyana. Chimwe chikamu chiduku chezvinhu zvinoshandiswa kunyange mudumbu (shuga, yakagadzirwa nomunyu, doro, mishonga). Iyo iyo nzira yekuchera inowanzoguma mumucheche muduku.

Bilious, intestinal uye pancreatic juices inopinda mumuviri wakakura we duodenal . Kune zvokudya kubva mudumbu kusvika kumadenga mashoma pamitengo yakasiyana. Oily inononoka, uye mukaka unopfuura nokukurumidza.

Lipase

Pancreatic juice inonzi alkaline reaction fluid iyo haina mavara uye inoshandisa trypsin nemamwe enzyme inoputsa peptides muamino acids. Amylase, lactase uye maltase inoshandura mahydrohydrates muglucose, fructose uye lactose. Lipase inyanzvi inoputsa mafuta mumafuta acids uye glycerin. Nguva yekuchera uye kuchengetedzwa kwejusi inobva kune rudzi uye kunaka kwezvokudya.

Mucheche muduku unoita parietal uye cavitary digestion. Pashure pemishonga inogadzirwa uye inzymatic, michina ye cleavage inopinda muropa uye lymph. Iyo yakaoma nzira yehupenyu inoitwa nevilli yemudumbu mutsva uye inotungamirirwa zvakasimba mune imwe nzira, villi kubva mudumbu.

Suction

Amino acids, mavitamini, glucose, mineral salts mumvura inopisa inopinda mumuviri weropa revillioni. Glycerin uye fatty acids hazviputi uye zvinowanikwa nevilli hazvigoni. Dzinopinda mumakamuri epithelial, uko maemukoro emafuta anopinda lymph anoumbwa. Kupedza chigadziro che lymph nodes, vanopinda muropa.

Bhiri inotora basa rinokosha zvikuru mukudya kwemafuta. Fatty acids, iyo yakabatanidzwa ne bile uye alkali, inoshandiswa. Sesefu dzinoumbwa (yakasanganiswa salts of fatty acids), nyore nyore kupfuura nemadziro eVilli. Glands mumatumbo makuru zvinoshandiswa kuvhara mucus. Uturu hukuru hunotora mvura kusvika 4 litres pazuva. Pano panorarama nhamba yakawanda kwazvo yebhakitiriya inobatanidzwa mukuparara kwe cellulose uye kuwedzera mavitamini emuboka B uye K.