"Mazuva ngaatukwe" - pepfupikiso kuongorora mabasa Bunin

We anokuisai muchidimbu mabasa Ivana Alekseevicha Bunina "Mazuva ngaatukwe" - pfupiso huru zviitiko waakanyora dhayari yake muna 1918. Published bhuku rino yaiva nguva yokutanga muna 1926.

Bunin muna 1918-1920 akanyora nemaonero ake uye zvakawanika maererano zvakaitika panguva iyoyo munyika yedu, muchimiro dhayari manotsi.

Moscow nyora

Somuenzaniso, January 1, 1918 muMoscow, akanyora kuti ichi "gore damn" riri pamusoro, asi zvichida kunouya chinhu "zvakatonyanya anotyisa."

February 5 gore rino, akaona, kuti akatanga manyorero itsva, saka zvinofanira kuti 18 nhamba.

February 6 Nyaya zvakanyorwa pamusoro kuti mumapepanhau hurukuro pamusoro German kurwisa, zvemamongi anotema chando pamusoro Petrovka uye Vanopfuura kufara, kupembera.

Uyezve siya zuva uye tsanangura dzinokosha manotsi Bunin kushanda "Vakatukwa Days", pfupiso iyo runoonekwa nesu.

History ari chekufambisa njanji

Mukomana mukuru akapinda chitima motokari uye akati, kutsvuka kumeso, kuti aisagona kubhadhara tikiti. It wapukunyuka Simferopol mutsoropodzi Derman. Maererano naye, pane "kuvhiringidzika": vashandi uye varwi kuenda "mumabvi muropa," mutana vakagochwa mupenyu-Colonel ari locomotive firebox.

Bunin akanyora kuti, kufanana kwose kwose vanoti haisati nguva kubata chinangwa uye asingasaruri mune Russian chimurenga. Asi hauzombofi chaivo kusasarura. Uyewo, "kutsvetera" rwedu zvinokosha chaizvo kuti wenhoroondo ramangwana, anoti Bunin ( "Mazuva ngaatukwe"). Muchidimbu huru zviri inokosha pfungwa Ivan achava Contact kurondedzerwa pazasi.

The chitima murwi varwi mabhegi makuru. Vanomhanya kubva Moscow, achitya kuti vaizopiwa vakatuma kudzivirira vokuGermany Petersburg.

Bunin akasangana mukomana musoja ari Cook, dzakaondoroka, kwakandionza uye akadhakwa. Iye poked ake 'chiso kupinda pachipfuva chake, "uye mate Ivan, achimuudza:". Yomudzvinyiriri, mwanakomana mbwakadzi "

Mumwe takaisa pamadziro mapepa chaizomuita kuti ave nemhosva Lenin uye Trotsky chokuita vokuGermany, kuti ivo bribed.

Kukurukura polisher

Ticharamba kupa pfupiso rondedzero yacho Bunin "Mazuva ngaatukwe". Nemumwe polishers vanovakumbira mubvunzo zvichaitika inotevera iri pfungwa vanhu ava. Vanopindura kuti regai musunungure matsotsi mujeri vanomhanya, haana kuita izvi, asi pachinzvimbo vainawo bara refu. Paitonga worudzii chakaitika. Zvino Bolsheviks havana kumhanya. Simba vanhu ... The Bolsheviks chete chinhu anenge zviuru zana vachava, uye vanhuwo - mamiriyoni, asi havagoni kuita chinhu. Dali dai polisher rusununguko, vangadai nokuda bvarurwa zvose kubva Apartments vakatsaurwa.

Bunin anonyora kukurukura akanzwa nemasanga pafoni. It anobvunza vanhu zvokuita, ndiye mubatsiri Kaledin uye 15 vatariri. Mhinduro iri "pakarepo akapfura."

Kuratidzwa zvakare, mumhanzi, mapepa, mireza - uye kudanwa: "Simuka, kushanda vanhu!". Bunin anoti manzwi avo primeval, uterine. Women Mordovia uye Chuvash vanhu nevarume - tsotsi, vamwe zvakananga Sakhalin.

It anotizve kuti nevaRoma akaisa chidhindo pachiso angaratidza. Uye vanhu ava havana kuisa chinhu nekuti zvose zviri kuonekwa pasina pavo.

Lenin Nyaya

Verenga Lenin Nyaya. Enhema uye vasingakoshi: asi "Russian National rumutsiriro," International.

Zvinotevera anorondedzera "Congress of neSoviet", matauriro yakakurukurwa Lenin. Ndakaverenga pamusoro zvitunha, akamira pasi pegungwa. It vakanyura, vakauraya vatariri. Uye zvadaro "Musical snuffbox".

Lubyanka Square zvose kupenya kwezuva. Kubva mavhiri vachisasa mura madhaka. Boys, varume, bargaining Halva, makeke, midzanga ... The rworukundo "tomu" vashandi.

Musoja mukicheni panguva AP inoti gutsaruzhinji hatigoni zvakanaka ikozvino, asi vachiri vanofanira kucheka bourgeoisie.

1919. Odessa

Tikaramba kutsanangura basa "Mazuva ngaatukwe" Bunin vake. Executive Summary ine zviitiko hunotevedzana anotevera uye pfungwa nemunyori.

April rechi12. Bunin manotsi kuti apfuura kubva pakufa kwedu mavhiki anenge matatu. Empty chiteshi, wakafa guta. Just nhasi, ndakagamuchira tsamba yomusi 10 August kubva Moscow. Zvisinei, munyori anoti, Russian tsamba vagara pamusoro, Muzhizha '17, kana iye akaonekwa European tsika, uye gurukota Posts Telegraphs. The "Minister of Labor" - uye Russia zvose pakarepo akamira kushanda. Satani veropa Kaini hasha akafemera pamusoro nyika mumazuva iwayo, vakati zvakaparidzwa rusununguko, kuenzana uye Fraternity. Pakarepo yakauya kupenga. All vakatyisidzira kusunga mumwe neipi gakava.

Portrait vanhu

Bunin anoyeuka kutsamwa naro akanga zvichipomerwa "mutema" mufananidzo vanhu Russian akasangana apo avo vakanga vspoeny, akarera nokuda mabhuku ichi, izvo chinyadzo makore zana, makirasi zvose, asi "vanhu" uye tramps. Dzimba dzose zvino rima, guta rose murima, kunze riine mapako, apo vari vanzwa balalaika, anopenya chandeliers, masvingo pamwe vanooneka dema mureza, izvo anomirira chena dehenya uye zvakanyorwa "Rufu kuti bourgeoisie!".

Tikaramba kutsanangura basa kuti akanyora Bunin IA ( "Vakatukwa Days"), mu skokraschenii. Ivan anoti pane vaviri mhando yevanhu vari rudzi. Mune mumwe wavo inotongwa Russia, uye mune mamwe, sezvo anoriisa - Chud. Asi vose vane chinji chitarisiko, moods, "precariousness". pachake akaudza vanhu pachavo, kuti kwaari, sezvo kubva pamuti, "uye tsvimbo, uye mufananidzo." Zvose zvinoenderana unobata, pamusoro ezvinhu. Emelka Pugachev kana Sergiy Radonezhsky.

nokutsakatika guta

Tinoenda yedu muchidimbu retelling yacho rutapudzo. IA Bunin "Vakatukwa Days" anotsigira kunotevera. In Odessa, 26, akapfura Black Mazana. Zvakaipisisa. The guta agere pamba, vanhu vashoma chaizvo kubva mumugwagwa. Munhu wose anonzwa sokunge vakundwa chaiwo vanhu, zvikuru zvinotyisa kupfuura zvaiita madzibaba edu Pechenegs. Uye rakawana mavhoti akawanda vanotengesa nematanga, vakasununguka, mate mbeu sunflower.

Bunin akati achangopera zvinova "zvitsvuku" guta, pakarepo dzinosiyana mhomho anozadza mumugwagwa. Selection yakaitwa vanhu kuti havana nyore, ordinariness. Unovaona anenge sembura, inotyisa yake zvakaipa upenzi, achidana wose uye zvose. Musi Munda Mars akaita "mutambo mariro" vaipomerwa magamba akafa nokuda rusununguko. Yakanga chisekeso vakafa, nokuti vave kunyimwa kuvigwa yechiKristu, akavigwa mumwoyo peguta, vakakwira kumusoro tsvuku coffins.

"Yambiro" mumapepanhau

Kuramba kupa pfupiso mabasa IA Bunin "Vakatukwa Days". Uyezve, munyori inoti "Warning" mumapepanhau kuti magetsi havazokwanisi nokukurumidza nokuda mafuta okuneta. Vose vaibatwa mumwedzi mumwe ndikapererwa railroads, hapana mafekitari, asingapfeki nguvo, hapana zvokudya, hapana mvura. Late manheru akasvika "Commissioner" pamba kuyera nzvimbo "kuti proletariat yacho chisimbiso." Munyori nezvishamiso kusaka Tribunal, vari Commissioner, kwete chete dare. Nokuti zvinoita kufamba muropa ibvi pasi kudzivirira mashoko zvitsvene chimurenga. Kupata - chikuru chinhu Red Army. Huma meso, zvakawanda zvinonyanya kuzivikanwa, mudzanga mumuromo make, chivharo ake pamusoro wake, akapfeka mamvemve. In Odessa, mumwe vanhu 15 vakapfurwa, akatuma zvitima vaviri nezvokudya nevanozvitsigira Petersburg kana guta racho pacharo, "anofa nenzara."

Izvi rinopedzisa basa "Mazuva ngaatukwe", pfupiso iyo takabva kutsanangurira kwamuri. Mukupedzisira, munyori anonyora kuti misa panguva ino, rinoti Odessa. Zvinotevera zvidimbu kwayo muvhu, vachisiya guta, uye ipapo havana kuwana.

A pfupi kuongorora mabasa "Mazuva ngaatukwe" Bunin raMwari

Ivan mubasa rake vakaratidza mafungiro ake kuti chimurenga - zvikuru kunaka. Vasingaiti Mupfungwa, "ngaatukwe Days" Bunin - hazvina kunyange dhayari, sezvo zvinyorwa vakanga vapora munyori ndangariro artistically kupatsanurwa. Sezvo nhoroondo nguva pakakoromoka chaionekwa navo kuna Bolshevik chimurenga. Bunin akanzwa wokupedzisira, ndiani anogona kunzwa kare Vanasekuru dzavo uye madzibaba. Aida kusunda wasvava, matsutso runako vaimbova uye formlessness, dambudziko nguva yedu. Basa "Vakatukwa Days" Bunin akati kuti Pushkin kakawanda pasi uye kunoita kuti musoro wake, sokunge tikacherechedza zvakare: "! Sad Russia wangu". Around mweya, apo neapo ivo vakadzi asi vanhu.

Kwete chete yakunda vanodzvinyirirwa uye kukundwa hweruzhinji aiva munyori Gehena chimurenga, asi chinhu irreplaceable kurasikirwa chimiro uye kuti upenyu pachahwo, mukukunda formlessness. Mukuwedzera, chigadzirwa iri akavhiringidzwa kusuruvara rokuonekana, iyo Bunin vachatitaka pamwe nyika yake. Kutsvaga nherera chengarava Odessa, munyori anoyeuka pakubva nokuda kwavo hanimunu , uye anoti zvizvarwa havanyatsooni kufungidzira kuti Russia, izvo vaimbogara nevabereki vavo.

Pokuwa Russian Bunin kufembera uye kuguma kwenyika maererano. Chete ari muchitendero akaona chete kunyaradzwa.

Kure nokuva munyori kunamatwa vaimbova upenyu. Kukanganisika ayo vakaiswa mucherechedzo mu "Suhodol" uye "The Village '. Akaratidza nzvimbo chete uye kufambira mberi degeneration yacho vanoremekedzwa vezvikwata mukirasi. Asi ichienzaniswa kutyisa yevagari nokumukira, pre-echimurenga Russia mukufananidzira Bunin akava kusvika muenzaniso kurongeka uye isimbe. Akanzwa anenge muporofita yemubhaibheri, kunyange "Village 'achaunza munjodzi kuuya uye kumirira aurayiwe yavo, uyewo haana rusaruro sahwira uye chakaona mumwe njere uye tsitsi Russian nokumukira, mumashoko Pushkin. Bunin akaona zvinotyisa pamusoro Revolution vakanga panoonekwa vanhu sezvo kutsiva nokuda kokumanikidza paitonga ari Romanov dzinza. Uye akaona kuti Bolsheviks vari kuenda kuparadza hafu yevagari. Naizvozvo, zvakadai chinorwadza Buninskaya dhayari.