Mhando Mheni: Linear, intracloud, pasi. Mheni. Sezvo akaumba fireball

Mheni - mumwe wevaya mananara zvakasikwa kuti vagara akafuridzirwa kutya rwevanhu. Nzwisisa kwayo Chaizvoizvo akatsvaka mukuru pfungwa dzakadai Aristotle uye Lucretius. Vaifunga kuti bhora iri moto uye kusvinwa mvura mhute makore, uye kuwedzera kukura, Unokanganisa navo uye nokukurumidza mba mapopoma pasi.

Pfungwa mheni yayo chidzoke

In zipi vakawanda achiumbwa mabhanan'ana makore vane zvakakwana yakakwirira chisarudzo. Yokumusoro Chikamu anogona kuiswa panzvimbo yakakwirira 7 km, uye nechepasi - 500 chete metres pamusoro pasi. Kupiwa mumhepo mhepo tembiricha, zvinganzi vakagumisa kuti pachiyero 3-4? Km mvura yaita chando kuumbika chando nezvimedu, izvo dhumhana pamwe mumwe electrostatically. Avo vane mukuru saizi, vanopiwa akaipa nokuchengeta, uye muduku - yakanaka. Pahwaro kwavo uremu, vari noruvara richiparadzirwa mugore akaturikidzana. Kuvhara pamwe chete, zvinoumba yeplasma mugero, kubva iyo akatiwanira yemagetsi dzomoto, inonzi mheni. A akaputsika mutsetse chimiro, iye akagamuchira nokuti kuti munzira pasi kakawanda siyana mhepo nezvimedu, izvo zvinoumba ematongerwo. Uye kuti vadzivise kwavari, unofanira kuchinja trajectory.

Physical Description mheni

Mheni asarudza 109 kusvika 1010 joules simba. zvizhinji guru kwakadaro dzemagetsi kuparadzwa kune mukuru zvakadini mune pakagadzwa nokupenya chiedza uye kuti kuvhunduka chinozunguzirwa iyo zvimwe inonzi kutinhira. kuti asi kunyange chikamu chiduku kwemheni zvakakwana kuita sanzwisisika zvinhu, zvakadai ayo zvinoyerera anogona kuuraya kana kuparadza chivakwa. Chimwe dzinonakidza chokwadi zvinoratidza kuti ichi zvakasikwa chakajairika anokwanisa itye jecha, pova negomba humburumbira. Izvi zvinoitwa nokuda mukuru tembiricha mukati zipi, inogona kusvika madhigirii 2000. vamurove apo pasi zvakare zvakasiyana, harigoni kuva kupfuura wechipiri. Kana simba, iyo amplitude ari kupomba anogona kusvika mazana kilowatts. Kusanganisa zvose izvi, zvinoitika kuti akasimba rwokuzvarwa pakuyerera razvino, izvo anotakura rufu zvose kuti kubata. All huripo zvokuzvivaraidza mheni ngozi chaizvo, uye musangano navo zvikuru zvisingadiwi vanhu.

mutinhiro Education

mhando dzose mheni hazvibviri kufungidzira pasina kutinhira chisingazivi kutakura ngozi chete, asi dzimwe nguva kungaita kuti kukundikana samambure kushanda nezvimwe michina matambudziko. It zvauya kubva pakuti pokupisa, mheni neshungu kuti tembiricha chaizvo kudarika zuva, akatarisana kwechando. Saka ruzha vakawana - kwete kungova chinozunguzirwa anokonzerwa mhepo nokufamba. Kazhinji, inzwi kunowedzera pakazopera roll. Izvi imhaka kuratidzwa nokurira kubva kumakore.

Ndezvipi mheni

Zvakaratidza kuti vose zvakasiyana.

1. Linear mheni - vakawanda-siyana. mabhanan'ana Electric anotarisa sezvinoita zvachose-pasi, kuwedzera muti. Kubva mukuru gwara unobuda "pezvakaitwa" zvishoma yakasvinuka uye pfupi. Kureba zvinoyerera kusvika 20 makiromita, uye amperage - 20,000 amps. Driving kumhanya makiromita 150 pasekondi yoga yoga. The tembiricha yacho plasma, iyo zvemano nzira mheni, anouya 10,000 inegumi.

2. intracloud mheni - kwakabva kwemarudzi uku pamwe nokuchinja yemagetsi uye rinobva minda, sezvo chaibwinya redhiyo mafungu. peal kwakadaro zvichida kuwanikwa pedyo neequator. In wakasvinura latitudes, zvinoita sokuti apo neapo. Kana mheni gore zvino kunyengedza rinogona kubuda uye chinhu vendudzi anoputsa kuvimbika goko, akadai ndege kana ane yakafadza simbi muhuro. Pamwe pakureba Ingasiyana kubva 1 150 makiromita.

3. Surface zipi - vanoshingaira chimiro ichipfuura mumatanho akawanda. Pazuva rokutanga izvi kwechirwere ionization kunotanga, izvo zvakasikwa pakutanga wakasununguka maerekitironi, vari nguva dzose aripo mudenga. The yemagetsi munda zvokutanga inoramba wana yakakwirira velocity uye rinotungamirirwa pasi, colliding pamwe mamorekuru mhepo vomumatunhu. Saka, pane yemagetsi aval mune mumwe anonzi semastreamer. Dzinomirira channel izvo batanidza nemumwe, muri mhaka inopenya thermally insulated mheni,. Zvasvikira nyika muchimiro manera duku, nokuti nzira dzake pane zvipingamupinyi, uye kudzivisa navo, izvozvo anoshandura mirayiridzo. sangano kumhanya anenge 50,000 makiromita por wechipiri.

Mushure mheni achapfuura nzira yayo, painoguma sangano mashoma makumi ezviuru microseconds, uye kushaya chiedza. Shure kwaizvozvo, rinotevera Danho inotanga: kudzokorora nzira. Chinonyanya achangopfuura buditsa akapfuudza nokupenya ose rapfuura, ano, unogona kusvika mazana ezviuru amperes. The tembiricha mukati chete gwara iri kumativi 25,000 inegumi. Izvi mhando mheni wakarebesa, saka zvaitika kunogona kuva kunoparadza.

pera mheni

Kupindura mubvunzo pamusoro ndedzipi mheni, hatigoni kuona ichi isingawanzowanikwi rwokuzvarwa chaiyo. Kakawanda, zvinoyerera kunoitika mushure mutsetse uye rinodzokorora trajectory kwayo. pano chete kutarisa ndiyo balls, vari kure mumwe akafanana chishongo zvinhu zvinokosha. mheni Izvi anoteverwa loudest uye kutinhira ruzha.

fireball

Natural Fani, kana mheni anotora chimiro bhora. Panyaya iyi, iyo trajectory kwayo ndege inova nezvimwewo, izvo zvinoita kuti kunyange nengozi vanhu. Kazhinji, zvakadai wemagetsi ru kunoitika pachiimbwa nedzimwe mhando, asi akanyora chokwadi chacho chitarisiko kunyange jeka ekunze.

Sezvazvakanyorwa akaumba munhu fireball? Kuti mubvunzo uyu kakawanda inobvunzwa nevanhu vanenge vakasangana chiitiko ichi. Sezvatinoziva tese, zvimwe zvinhu zvakaisvonaka conductors dzemagetsi, saka pano zviri mazviri, kuunganidza ayo nokuchengeta, uye bhora rinotanga kubuda. Kunogona kuitika kubva huru zipi. Zvapupu zvakaona vachitiwo unovapo nyore kubva asiko.

Dhayamita mheni zvichisiyana mashomanana masendimita kuti mita. Kana mavara, pane dzakawanda nzira kubva chena yellow kuti yakajeka mutema, mashoma zvikuru kuwana dema yemagetsi bhora. Mumamiriro dzinza nokukurumidza, Iye kunoita yakatambarara anenge tsoka matatu pamusoro pasi. zipi kwakadaro kunogona zvisingatarisirwi kushandura trajectory uye angopera sezvo nokukurumidza, saka chichisunungura kwazvo simba nokuda iyo utsotso kana kudzikisirana panguva dzose dzakasiyana zvinhu. Mupenyu kubva masekonzi gumi yakawanda maawa.

Sprite mheni

Munguva ichangopfuura, muna 1989, masayendisiti akawana mumwe kwemheni, akadana sprites mhando. The Kuwanika yakanga zvachose netsaona, nekuti chinhu chinoshamisa zvikuru isingawanzowanikwi uye chete ndedzoupenyu zveefa shoma chechipiri. Other discharges yemagetsi vari kusiyaniswa kukwirira panguva yavakanga kuratidzika - vanenge 50-130 km nepo vamwe subspecies regai kukunda 15-kiromita mutsetse. Uyewo sprite mheni akasiyana dhayamita huru, iyo rinosvika 100 km. Vanoonekwa sezvo kutwasuka neshongwe chiedza ichionekwawo mapoka. ruvara yavo dzinosiyana-siyana zvichienderana murwiyo dzedenga pedyo pasi, apo pane zvakawanda okisijeni, ivo mutema, yellow kana chichena, asi achifuridzirwa senitrogen, panguva imwe kukwira 70 km vanova piriviri.

Maitiro munguva mabhanan'ana

Ose mheni kutakura inoshamisa ngozi pautano uye kunyange upenyu. Kuti tidzivise yemagetsi kuvhunduka, mitemo zvinotevera zvinofanira kutevedzerwa pasango:

1. Pakadaro, pangozi kuwana soro zvinhu, saka unofanira kudzivisa akazaruka nzvimbo. Kuti kudukupiswa, zvakanakisisa kugara pasi woisa pamabvi musoro uye chipfuva iri chiitiko kukundwa, mamiriro ichi achadzivirira nhengo dzose dzinokosha. Chero zvazvingava hazvibviri akarara pasi chose, sezvo asina kuwedzera nzvimbo zvichibvira pakusvibiswa.
2. Uyewo, usativanzira pasi miti yakareba uye lampposts. Pamamiriro pokugara vachatitaka usina kuzvidzivirira simbi zvinhu kana zvakagadzirwa (semuenzaniso, kupikiniki pokugara).
3. Panguva nemabhanan'ana, unofanira pakarepo kubuda mumvura, nokuti kondakita akanaka. Kamwe mairi, mheni kubuda anogona nyore kupararira vanhu.
4. Hapana nyaya havagoni kushandisa serura.
5. rubatsiro First akuvara yakanakisisa zvibereko CPR uye pakarepo vanodana nechimbichimbi mabasa.

Mitemo mufambiro mumba

Mumba, zvakare, pane ngozi kukundwa.

1. Kana mumugwagwa dutu rakatanga, chokutanga unofanira kuvhara zvose mahwindo uye madhoo.
2. Unofanira kudzima zvose midziyo yemagetsi.
3. Regai kutaura the wired runhare uye dzimwe netambo, ivo conductors dzemagetsi zvakaisvonaka. Zvimwechetezvo uye ndine zvikwepa zvesimbi, saka regai kuva pedyo midziyo.
4. Kuziva sei unoumba munhu fireball uye sei nezvimwewo ayo trajectory, kana richiri apinda mumba, unofanira pakarepo kuzvisiyira, uye kuvhara mahwindo ose uye masuo. Kana zviito izvi hazvisi zvinogoneka, zviri nani kuti mumire.

Nature huchiri haritorwi murume, uye anotakura nengozi dzakawanda. All nemhando kwemheni - ndiko, panguva paro, simba kupfuura dzemagetsi discharges, izvo kanoverengeka kupfuura kukwanisa vose artificially zvakasikwa zvinopa murume simba.