Mizambiringa. How kudyara muzambiringa? Sei muzambiringa?

Chimwe chezvinhu kufarira zvinomera zvose nyanzvi uye mudzidzi Chikwata, kwemazana akawanda emakore, anoramba mazambiringa. Zvinofadza vanhu kwete chete nokuda kwayo zvinoshamisa kuravira, kukwanisa kusika zvakanakisisa waini, asi achiporesa ehupfumi.

Vanhu tega nzira dzakawanda kushandisa muzambiringa: basketry, fenicha, vases, inodiwa, bindu Zvidhori, uye zvakawanda.

Chirevo muzambiringa

rudzi ose kuti ine kutenda kwayo uye tsika, akazadzwa mizambiringa yakasiyana. Kune vamwe, chiratidzo wokubereka, chido, kuziva, upenyu, nokuti vamwe - chiratidzo makaro, unyengeri uye kunyengera, wechitatu kutsaurira kufa vanamwari.

Akaratidza Muzambiringa inowanikwa chiKristu. Maererano nedzidziso iyi, Kristu chinofananidzira huru muzambiringa, uye vateveri vake vose zvakafanana mapazi omuzambiringa. The chete zvakafanana mukutenda inoitwa pakati chechi uye vatendi vayo.

In chiKaturike mazambiringa waini rinofananidzira ropa raKristu, inobatanidzwa ichi chakavanzika chirairo, izvo zvinoratidza Fusion pakunamata Mwari.

Asi pane zvave zviitiko munhoroondo kana waini zvairambidzwa. Somuenzaniso, vaMuslim vanotenda izvi zvokunwa chiratidzo chivi.

It awana nzvimbo yayo pamuzambiringa, uye nguvo maoko munyika dzakawanda, vari kushanda winemaking: Turkmenistan, Georgia uye Moldova.

Nemamiriro womuzambiringa

Zvisinei, hapana nyaya hakufaniri hanya chokwadi kuti pasina ruzivo nemamiriro zvomuzambiringa hazvibviri kukura utano, mazambiringa inotapira.

Kuti tiwane goho rakanaka vanofanira kufunga kuti mazambiringa anofanira aitsigira, sezvo rinoreva liana zvinomera matavi irregularly kukura.

Mizambiringa inogona muzvikamu zviviri:

1. The pachivande chikamu. It inoumbwa 2 marudzi pamidzi. At kubereka mbeu tuvana vakaumba primal nomuzongoza panguva vegetative dilution - adventitious midzi. Young midzi kwazvo nehanya nokushayiwa mwando, uye chete mushure koko rinenge growths akafukidza kudzivirirwa.
2. The pamusoro-pasi chikamu. Zvinonzi ichikura nokukurumidza uye kunoda fanira kugera. Inoitwa muchero yemizambiringa uye change vokutsiva kuti zvinopa uye fruiting. Mapazi gore upenyu rechipiri, akafukidza matanda pasi vari egirini uye matavi anotandira. Inflorescence uye ruva vari aumba pasi chirimwa mune yechirimo.

Mune axils nemashizha vane mhando zvitatu itsvo:

• Chando.
• Pasynkova.
• Wakaderera Mafundo, izvo chiri panzvimbo mudzi womuzambiringa.

kubereka ramazambiringa

Panguva chokuwanziridza kuti mazambiringa mhando vakashandisa nzira dzakawanda, zvichienderana ekunze, nemarudzi uye maberekero chinangwa.

1. Seed kupararira. Kana asingadi kutevedzera kunaka mubereki muzambiringa, zvichiguma vachinje kwokunze uye kuravira. Fruiting kunoitika chete mumakore mashoma. Kakawanda nzira iyi kubereka kushandiswa Breeders kutanga mhando itsva chirimwa kana kuti zvimwe unhu zvakakodzera uye unhu.
2. Kusonanidzwa nzira. A yamunenge Chikwata, ambotirega inoparadzirwa mizambiringa pasi pasi tembiricha uye nechando ivhu. Zita wechipiri nzira - yotunga. Nokuti kwayo Implementation inoda scion pamusoro zvirimwa chirimwa uye chawo mizambiringa chakanaka midzi. Asati kusonanidzwa kuti scion mumvura kwemaawa 4-5 kuti vymochki.
3. Propagation kubudikidza kuchekwa. The inonyanya nzira. Pane mhando huru mbiri, zvichienderana Mwaka wokukura:

• kukura kuchekwa munguva yechando, akagura kubva kumusoro mizambiringa mu matsutso;
• akadzidziswa mizambiringa mupfumvudza wakasimwa pakachena muvhu.

Preparation of kuchekwa vari mikombe

Isu Chikwata Kazhinji kushandisa nzira kugadzirira mizambiringa yakabva kumwe mu mikombe. kukura zano Izvi nyore chaizvo uye haakonzeri zvinetso kunyange vaya vanoita izvozvo kekutanga.

Kuti imere mizambiringa mu mikombe, unofanira: 2 mikombe zvakasiyana chiratidzo, nyika, rwizi jecha uye mashizha manyowa.

Mugirazi pamwe mberi hombe aperera pasi makomba uzere 2cm shizha manyowa fetiraiza. The Girazi saizi diki (kubva truncate pasi) akaiswa mukati huru, uzere remurwizi, uye kumativi - pasi. Pashure paizvozvo, duku girazi iri vakachenesa pakati murwizi jecha ndiye kudzamisa of 4 cm iri akaisa chaenga muzambiringa. Zvose nzvimbo pamusoro hombe magirazi izere jecha uye mvura yakawanda. Dzakabuda akadyara muzambiringa muchirimo.

Kukura mizambiringa yakabva kumwe muhombodo

Nokuti kurimwa mizambiringa muguchu anofanira kubviswa pamitsipa mudziyo uye kuti buri pasi. Kutanga, pave abudise layer zvinonzi akadurura 6-7 spoonfuls ivhu kunovhengana, obliquely akaisa pashure nokuveza, uye ipapo pamusoro bhotoro steamed makazara sawdust. Majaya mashizha usaora hunyoro, chirimwa pamusoro akafuka epurasitiki mukombe.

Kudiridza chinhu chinodiwa kuti kubudikidza nhovo.

Cheka vagadzirira vaburuke kana majaya nemidzi zvomuzambiringa achaonekwa pamusoro pamasvingo bhodhoro.

kudyara mitemo

Pashure inobudirira kukura mizambiringa yakabva kumwe vanofanira kufunga sei kudyara mizambiringa. Izvi zvinoda kudzidziswa nguva refu, rinosanganisira kusarudza nzvimbo ivhu pacharo uye zvakananga kudyara rikurumidze.

Territory nokudyara ari kuwa vanofanira kunyatsoongorora rokurima uye isa fotereza. The ivhu pamusoro rirege kuva pamusoro-hydrated uye munyu. The yakanakisisa Ipfungwa vaiona ivhu dema kana loam. Zvinofanira zvakare kuteerera chiedza chikamu, nokuti kushaya chiedza hunotungamirira Kushatiswa zvakabikwa unhu ramazambiringa.

Anobudirira zvikuru vachange yekudyara mizambiringa muchirimo, kana chando akanga apfuura. Young mizambiringa yakabva kumwe anoiswa mukati mumakomba, apo, ndichivatakura kubva mumidziyo, vanofanira kuedza kwete kukuvadza yaigona midzi. Pevhu pamwe peat uye akanwisa pamwe nguva dzose ose 2-3 mazuva.

Nhanho nokuumba yemizambiringa

Asati asika gwenzi vanofanira kugadzirira trellis. Zvinofanira rinotungamirirwa kubva kurutivi rwezasi kusvikira kurutivi rwokumusoro uye panofanira kuva rutsigiro uye waya Ukobvu 3 mm. Zvitsigiso chero mhando, simbi, matanda kana kongiri, zviri chinodiwa kuisa ari chinhambwe 3-4 metres kubva mumwe, uye kukwirira kwavo hazvifaniri kuva zvishoma pane 2.5 m. The waya iri kudhonzwa ose 50 cm.

Maererano pakukohwa mazambiringa anotanga chete gore rechitatu pashure pakudyara, muzambiringa inotungamirwa inoenda kuburikidza anotevera:

1. zvinomera yokutanga. Kumwedzi kunofanira kukura zviviri zvakanaka dzakabudirira kupukunyutsa. matavi zvisingakoshi anofanira kubviswa pavanenge kusvika 2-5 masendimita urefu, zvikasadaro gwenzi achava haubereki uye aneta. Mukutanga kwematsutso, asi mabukira vari akasungirirwa waya, asi pedyo pakati kuita kuchekerera kusiya 3 nhungirwa padavi rimwe. Munguva yechando nguva chirimwa kuramba ehena, sawdust kana peat kudzivirira nechando, uye ipapo firimu kuderedza gwenzi rokurara unyoro.
2. uswa wechipiri. The chikuru basa nhano ichi - paumbwe matavi 4 vane ukobvu ndiko kuwira pakutanga waya inofanira kusvika 7-8 mm. Kubva mapazi aya acharamba kuumbwa mugwenzi ruoko.
3. uswa Third. Imwe neimwe dzisimbe 4 yakaumbwa emizambiringa maviri. Zvakakosha panguva ino kuti kudzora fruiting wokutanga, kusiya chete 1 boka 1-2 yokutiza.
4. uswa Chechina. Munguva yake kumwedzi inowana musango shaped chitarisiko. Zvakakodzera tiite kubviswa zvisingakoshi uye garter mitema mabukira, uyewo waidzora fruiting. Kuwanda Masvinga por 1 Kutiza havachiri pane chirimwa yokutanga.

Kutadza kutevedza kuchaguma kukura mberi mugwenzi kufenda uye murombo fruiting.

Rinoporesa ehupfumi kuti mazambiringa yemizambiringa

Zvikonzero kukura mizambiringa, zvakafanira kwete chete kuti kuravidza zvibereko pachavo.

Kurimwa mazambiringa murume akatanga ari Stone Age, sezvo ayo nemamwe zvinoriumba anozvikudza chikamu ose chirimwa ichi:

• Peel michero yakazara wakisi, zvinokosha anonhuwirira, uye zvakasiyana-siyana madhayi.
• Michero ane mapuroteni, cellulose, hemicellulose, cucumber, tartaric uye malic acid.
• The muchero akapfuma mavhitaminzi uye folic mapoka asidhi B, C uye P.
• Vatanhi mbeu marongerwo vane mafuta anonhuwirira, lecithin, vanillin, uye kunyange acetic acid.

Mabatirwo mazambiringa inowana zita rayo - Ampelotherapy. Zvinonzi kwakaratidza kuti kunobatsirawo pamwe musoro, kutemwa nemusoro, zvinobatsira kubvisa manyoka kundorwa kenza.

Asi zvinosuwisa kwete vose haangogumiri mishonga, asi vakawanda ingestion pamusoro michero izvi.

Weaving muzambiringa

Vanhu vane zvakakwana kushivirira, muzambiringa anogona kuunza wandei purofiti, kana kungova inonakidza chitandadzo.

Mashoko okutanga kuti vanhu vakatanga kushandiswa dzokurukisa, kwaiva muzambiringa. In kugadzirwa zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana kubva, nemhaka zvakanaka mukana wokushandiswa uye elasticity pematanda, zvinokwanisika kwete kuita pre-pakurapa mashoko.

Inonyanya kufarirwa zvibereko zvomuzambiringa simbi mudengu. matavi emizambiringa anogona dzinosiyana ruvara ruvara - mashava kusvikira vhudzi uye mazambiringa emusango, uyezve, anewo inonakidza nemamiriro anopa chigadzirwa rakasiyana.