MuGungwa Dema rehydrogen sulfide: zvinokonzera uye nemigumisiro kuputika

Man chinhu chinokosha zvakasikwa. Rinogona kuva akanaka, noushamwari kwatiri. We mvura, kufema mhepo, tinowana kupisa uye chikafu kubva zvakatipoteredza. Ndicho tsime roupenyu hwedu.

Asi redu anogona kupa kwete chete upfumi hwavo kuvanhu, asi kuparadzwa, nenhamo uye kushayiwa. Kudengenyeka kwenyika, moto, mafashamo, washington uye kuputika kwemakomo dzemotokari vanhu vazhinji. Njodzi inogona rehydrogen sulfide muGungwa Dema. In mvura iyi zvikuru.

The napedyo kuGungwa Black anogona kuva mhaka tsaona vanhu vazhinji. Ndezvipi akasiyana apa, uye sei kudzivisa kwavari undotsvaka masayendisiti. pfungwa dzavo Zvinofadza kuziva ose mugari rudzi rwedu uye nyika.

Chii rehydrogen sulfide?

Pasina kupinda nemakemikari Masvomhu, funga chii ehupfumi sulfide. Iri Hauoneki gasi, iyo inozivikanwa nokuva mudanga sarufa remubatanidzwa uye rehydrogen. It akaparadzwa chete panguva kutonhora kumusoro 500 ° C.

Zviri chepfu vose zvipenyu. chete dzimwe mhando bacteria kurarama mu ezvinhu ichi. Gas inozivikanwa mamirire kunhuwa mazai, izvo zvakaora. Kwete kupa chero kasvisto uye fauna of mumvura umo yakanyauka rehydrogen sulfide. Mvura yeGungwa Black ane nayo akawanda. rehydrogen sulphide mapazi chete dzinonyatsotiratidza yakakura.

Chakazarurwa 1890 ARMENIA Andrusov. Zvisinei, mumazuva iwayo zvakanga isati kuzivikanwa chaizvo zvakawanda rine mvura iyi. Vatsvakurudzi kutura kuna siyana pakadzika simbi zvinhu. Hydrogen sulphide zviratidzi mvura akatakurwa dema sulfide rukoko. Naizvozvo, pane kubvuma kuti ndiwo gungwa wakaunganidza zita raro nokuda ichi chinokosha mvura yaro.

Features kweGungwa Dema

Mune dzimwe vanhu, mubvunzo unomuka: apo hydrogen sulfide muGungwa Black? Asi zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti ichi hachisi chinhu chete chinokosha Dam ichi. Izvi gasi vaongorori kuwana mumakungwa mazhinji kudaro uye madhamu pose. It rinoungana mune zvakasikwa akaturikidzana nokuda kushaya okisijeni mumvura yakadzika.

Organic zvisaririra, kunyura kusvika pasi, regai oxidize uye kuora. Izvi anokurudzira paumbwe muchetura gasi. MuGungwa Dema riri zvazvichanyungudutswa 90% mvura vakawanda. Uyezve, panowanikwa gogonera rukoko. Mhenderekedzo inotanga ari kudzika 300 m, uye pakati pana padanho mamita 100. Zvisinei, mune dzimwe nzvimbo Sea Black rukoko mvura yakachena iri kunyange zvishoma.

Pane imwe dzidziso kwakabva rehydrogen sulfide. Dzimwe nyanzvi dzinoti kuti achiumbwa nokuda tectonic basa anoputika, kuita pasi. Asi vatsigiri zvipenyu dzidziso zvakawanda.

The kwebasa mvura makore

Mukuita kusanganiswa mvura makore kupatsanurwa kuti anochinja wawo rehydrogen sulfide muGungwa Dema. Zvikonzero raakanga asi kuunganidza vakaita zvakasiyana siyana salinity. The akaturikidzana vari chaizvo havaratidzi hwakakanyiwa, sezvo gungwa haana mbiru yakakwana mugungwa.

maviri chete rakamanikana akakamanikana aivabatsira muitiro mvura exchange. Bosphorus rinobatanidza Sea Black pamwe Marmara uye Dardanelles - Mediterranean. Kuvhara zviri dura kunotungamirira kuti Gungwa Black ane salinity pakati 16-18 ppm. Oceanic vakawanda vanoonekwa ne paakati ichi pachiyero 34-38 ppm.

Sea Marmara anoita se murevereri pakati maviri hurongwa. salinity wayo 26 ppm. Mvura anopinda Marmara kuGungwa Black uye rinonyura kusvika pasi (sezvazvakanyorwa kunorema). kusiyana tembiricha, arambe achirema uye salinity akaturikidzana kunotungamirira kuti vanosanganisa zvishoma nezvishoma. Naizvozvo, rehydrogen sulfide rinoungana dzinongoitika vakawanda.

ecocatastrophe

Rehydrogen sulfide muGungwa Black rava nyaya pfungwa masayendisiti nokuda kwezvikonzero zvinoverengeka. Zvinhu kwezvakatipoteredza zvakatoipa mumakumi emakore achangopfuura. Wandisa okuyerera kutambisa siyana mavambo zvakakonzera rufu zhinji mhando algae, plankton. Vakatanga kugara pasi nokukurumidza. Uyewo, masayendisiti akawana kuti muna 2003, rakaparadzwa zvachose muhutongi dzvuku algae. Flora ichi pave vanenge mamiriyoni 2 cubic metres. metres okisijeni pagore. Izvi kudziviswa Kukura rehydrogen sulfide.

Zvino chikuru mukwikwidzi dzine uturu gasi haako. Naizvozvo, dzezvakatipoteredza kunetseka ezvinhu aripo. Chero bedzi hazvina kutyisidzira kuchengeteka kwedu, asi nokufamba kwenguva zvinogona richabereka gasi sefuro pemvura.

Kana kunyorera hydrogen sulfide pamwe mhepo kuputika kunoitika. Iye anoparadza zvose upenyu Nokufema nharaunda. Hapana mararamiro haagoni kukunda basa nevanhu. Izvi zvinounza dzingangoitika njodzi.

Kuputika pagungwa

Munhau pane zviitiko zvinosuruvarisa, kana gungwa mvura moto kwazvo. Hwokutanga hwakanyorwa chiitiko chakaitika muna 1927 muna 25 km kubva Yalta. Panguva iyi guta rakaparadzwa nokudengenyeka ane simba masere muzano.

Asi yeuka zvichiri kwakakanganisa vagari uye moto rinotyisa kuti sei mvura dzezvimwe. Vanhu zvino vakanga vasina pfungwa nei kuputika Sea Black. Rehydrogen sulfide, nokuputika yaiva kukonzerwa tectonic basa, akauya pamusoro. Asi zviitiko zvakadaro zvinogona kuitika zvakare.

Rehydrogen sulfide, anosiya pemvura pachena kuti mhepo. Izvi zvinotungamirira kuputika. Inogona kuparadza maguta ose.

Chokutanga ndechokuti munhu zvichibvira kuputika

Kuputika kuti vaizotaura upenyu zviuru, mamiriyoni evanhu uye zvose zvipenyu zviri Munzvimbo iyi, munogona dzakakwirira mukana. Chikonzero. MuGungwa Dema rehydrogen sulfide haina kupatsanurwa, kuunganidza munhu Ukobvu kupera mvura yakachena. Humanity zvinoreva dambudziko iri ratyama. Pane kushandisa michina kuti kubudiswa muchetura gasi, isu batanidza tsvina mvura. Pfungwa kuora kuri yakawedzera.

Telephone, mafuta uye gasi mapaipi nomunyika Sea Black. Vari zvakakuvadza, moto kuitika. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera kuputika. Saka, mabasa evanhu chingarangarirwa sechinoitika wokutanga chinhu munhu zvichibvira dambudziko.

Mhaka kuputika rechipiri

Njodzi kunogonawo kukonzera kuputika. Tectonic basa munharaunda dziri zvakajairika. Rehydrogen sulfide pakudzika kweGungwa Dema inogona kukanganiswa nokudengenyeka kwenyika kana kuti kuputika kwemakomo. Masayendisiti vanoti kana nhasi aiva njodzi chete, muna September 1927, kuputika hwaizova simba kuti ingadai yakauraya vanhu vakawanda. Zvadaro, mhepo aizova rakawanda nesurferi chakashata. Acid mvura wauisa yakawanda zvakaipa.

A mutete rukoko mvura yakachena iri kuva duku. Kunyanya pedyo pemvura rehydrogen sulfide rakakodzera zasi-kumabvazuva kweGungwa Dema. Kana mumapoka ezviuru tectonic pamatombo munzvimbo iyi inogona kuva nenjodzi yakaipisisa. Asi kuti zvevakomana, kuputika zvinogoneka chero nzvimbo.

Wechitatu chikonzero njodzi

Rive dete pamusoro paiva gungwa mvura yakachena kungaita kuti vaingoerekana sefuro muchetura gasi mbudo kubva menyika. Location muGungwa Dema sezvo rehydrogen sulfide, hazvishamisi. The chikuru zvinhu zvakatipoteredza kudzikira zvadzidzwa kare.

Masayendisiti vanoti kana zvose hydrogen sulfide, vakazorora nechepasi, simuka pemvura, kuputika achava akafanana matambudziko ane asteroid kukura nehafu mwedzi. Izvi zvingava pose nenjodzi kuti nokusingaperi achinja chiso redu.

Mune dzimwe nzvimbo, ine uturu gasi kuuya pamusoro nechokure 15 m. Masayendisiti anoti panguva ino pamwero hydrogen sulfide pachayo haazombotaurwi mukufamba matsutso yemadutu. Asi ichi Muitiro ichiripo anovhundutsa. Nokufamba kwenguva, mamiriro ezvinhu, zvinosuruvarisa riri chete kuipa. Kubva nguva nenguva, kuti nemahombekombe nembambo akawandisa hove akafa, abatwa segore hydrogen sulphide. Uyewo kufa plankton, algae. Izvi yambiro zvakasimba kuti vanhu Kusaona dambudziko.

Ngwavaira dzakadaro

Chepfu gasi inowanikwa zhinji miviri mvura munyika. Iyi haisi akasiyana chakajairika, iyo inozivikanwa nokuva pasi Sea Black. Rehydrogen sulfide akatoratidza kare simba rayo rokuparadza kuvanhu. Kubva kare, unogona kuwana mashoko pamusoro zvomunyama akadaro.

Somuenzaniso, muna Cameroon, mune mumwe musha pamhenderekedzo Lake Nyos akauraya yose yevanhu nemhaka gasi anosimudza pemvura. Vanhu ukabatwa denda, akawanikwa panguva vaenzi musha. Njodzi iyi aiti upenyu muna 1986 1746 vanhu.

Makore matanhatu pamberi zviitiko muPeru vehove enda kugungwa, akadzoka pasina hove. zvikepe zvavo zvakanga dema nokuda oxide firimu. Vanhu vari kuziya, somunhu vakawanda hove akafa.

Muna 1983, kuti asingazivikanwi zvikonzero, mvura Dead Sea rava nerima. Zvaiita kuti akatendeuka, uye rehydrogen sulfide kubva pasi akasimuka pemvura. Kana zvakadaro kwacho kwakaitika muGungwa Dema, zvose kurarama munzvimbo dzakapoteredza vangadai vakafa kuputika kana chepfu nokuda chepfu chiutsi.

Zvinhu chaiyo nhasi

MuGungwa Dema rehydrogen sulfide inongogara kuita pachayo akanzwa. Upwelling (vachikwira aibuda) mutsai magasi pemvura. Ndivo chakajairika Crimea, kuCaucasus kumatunhu. Near Odessa zvakajairika kuti vakawanda rufu hove yakarova hydrosulfide gore.

A chaizvo inenjodzi apo choutsi izvi zvichiitika mune nemabhanan'ana. Mheni yakarova guru pachoto, moto afunge. Munhuwi akaora mazai, kuti vanhu vanzwe, anoratidza runopfuura bvumidzwa Kuwanda zvine chepfu mudenga.

Izvi zvingaita kuti muchetura uye kunyange rufu. Naizvozvo, kukanganisika kwezvakapoteredza vanofanira muonekwe nesu. Matanho zvinofanira kutorwa yokuderedza wevasungwa rehydrogen sulfide muGungwa Black mvura.

Nzira yokugadzirisa dambudziko

Nyanzvi vari kugadzira nzira dzakawanda kubvisa hydrogen sulfide muGungwa Dema. Group Kherson anopa masayendisiti vanoshandisa gasi sezvo mafuta. Nokuti chinangwa ichi nenyere iri akatura kuna kudzika, uye kamwe mvura vanomutsirwa pemvura. Zvichava zvakafanana nokuvhura dende Champagne. Yomugungwa yakavhenganiswa gasi kubika. Kubva Rwizi iri akapora rehydrogen sulfide uye yaishandiswa zvebhizimisi zvinangwa. Panguva combustion gasi inongorira yakawanda kupisa.

Imwe pfungwa ndeyokuti kuita aeration. Nokuti ichi zvakadzama nepombi anomuitira jekiseni mvura yakachena. It ane yakaderera arambe achirema uye achasimudzira vaiitawo basa zvomumvura akaturikidzana. Nzira rino rakashandiswa zvinobudirira aquariums. Kana kushandisa mvura mumatsime toga mudzimba dzimwe nguva kunodiwa kuti nokurinatsa kubva hydrogen sulfide. Muchiitiko ichi uyewo zvinobudirira kuiswa aeration.

Chokwadi nzira kusarudza hakusi kukosha kudaro. Chinhu chikuru - ushande mhinduro nezvinetso zvezvakatipoteredza. MuGungwa Dema rehydrogen sulfide inogona kushandiswa kubatsira vanhu. Hanya yomuka havagoni kuva dambudziko. Kuoma ayo zvaizova kupfuura musoro chiito. Kana musingadi kutora matanho iye zvino, njodzi huru zvingaitika pamusoro nguva. In simba redu kudzivirira uye kuzvidzivirira uye nezvimwe zvinhu zvipenyu pakuparadzwa.