Ndeipi magetsi emagetsi

Nechinangwa che "magetsi emagetsi" isu tose tinofanirwa kutarisana anenge zuva rimwe nerimwe, nokuti munda wekushandiswa kwayo haisi kungogumira kumagetsi ese magetsi chete. Iyi ndiyo mheni inodonha panguva yemvura, uye inopisa pamusoro pepurasitiki uye zvipfeko zvakagadzirwa nemicheka yakagadzirwa, nezvimwewo.

Mutauro wakadzika unodzidza unopa tsanangudzo inotevera kune ichi chinoshamisa: magetsi kushungurudzika kwehuwandu hunoratidza huwandu hwebasa rinoitwa nemutengo mubasa re1C (Coulomb). Iyo yakanyanyisa, inotarisa, inoratidza kuwanda kwemutengo wakapfuura nepakati pemutambo we conductive mu1 wechipiri ne simba rezvino re 1 A.

Imwe tsanangudzo inogamuchirwawo, maererano nehupi iyo magetsi emagetsi ndeyekuenzanisa kwebasa rinoitwa nemagetsi emagetsi pamusoro pekushandura kwemuedzo (kuedza) kukanganisa pakati pepfungwa mbiri, kusvika kuhuwandu hwekuverenga kwechipo chinopiwa. Zvinowanzofungidzirwa kuti kubhadharisa mari hakubatsiri kukanganisa kunogona (hakushanduri mhepo), uye nzira yekufamba inogona kuregererwa. Sezvakagadziriswa, tsanangudzo iyi yakanyorwa seinotevera:

U = A / q,

Apo U-voltage, A - basa, q - kutengesa.

Kuyeuka izvo zvinoenzaniswa nemagetsi emagetsi, hapana chikonzero chekudzidza, nokuti iyo inokurumidza nguva dzose, sezvo zvose zvinobudisa magetsi zvinoratidza kuwedzera kwevhesi uye kukera kwayo: zvakakwana kutarisa chero bhetri. Chikwata chekuyera ndechokuti Volts (V, V).

Mafungiro e "magetsi emagetsi" echi DC neAc circuits akasiyana. Mune rimwe shanduko, iyo inoratidzwa nepeodic passage ye sinusoid kuburikidza ne zero mark, kuverenga hakusi kwepamusoro penguva pfupi asi pane kukosha chaiyo. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuda kwekuti kushanda kwaro nemutoro unoshandiswa zvakakwana kunowirirana nemhepo inoramba iripo.

Uyu akazosangana nemagetsi emagetsi matatu, zvechokwadi, akatarisa kune zvinyorwa zvisingazivikanwi mupasipoti. Ikoko, kuburikidza nechiratidzo chechikamu, zvibato zviviri zvinoratidzwa, somuenzaniso, 220/380 V. Hapana chinyorwa, chokwadi, iyo midziyo inokwanisa kushanda pamatano maviri akasiyana. Kubva kupi munhare 380 In inogona kutora 220? Icho chinotarisa kuti voltage inogona kunge iri yero kana kuti yakasiyana, zvichienderana nenzira yekuyera. Chikamu chinotsanangurwa nekuyera kukosha pakati pechikamu chimwe nechimwe netambo ye zero, uye iyo imwechete pakati pevatambi vechikamu. Nekubatanidza mutoro wekutakura kusvika kune katatu, zvinokwanisika kuwana kuenzana kwezvakabatana uye zvikamu zvepakati, uye nokuda kwe "nyota" chirongwa chechikamu chekutanga chika 1.73 nguva zvishoma pane imwechete.

Kuyera iyo magetsi inoshandiswa chinhu chakakosha - a voltmeter. Chinonyanya kukosha ndicho chikonzero chekubatanidza ikozvino kutakura probes kufanana nemutoro. Kumusoro mukati kumanikidzana hakuiti kuti shunt isingaenzaniswi. Ndicho chikonzero, semuenzaniso, mumashandisirwo emumba, zvinoita kuti ukwanise kubatanidza zvakananga kune imwe nzvimbo ye simba (kusiyana nemameterari inosangana nekumhanya kwepakati).

Asi ngatisiye mazita matatu akaiswa kune vadzidzisi uye tinzwisise kuti chii chiri "magetsi magetsi", achitaura mumutauro wemunhu nyore. Saka, iyi ndiyo mhedzisiro yemhosva (zvinogona) pakati pezvikamu zviviri zvisinganzwisisiki zvemuitisi kana magetsi. Chinhu chinokonzera kufambisa kwema electroni pamwe nemutakiti (jenereta, bhatiri) inoita pamagumo avo zvakanyanya, uye kune imwe - chirema. Saizvozvowo, kukosha kwemhosva kunopesana. Zvakakwana kuti ubatane nharo idzi nemhando ipi neipi yekugadzira, uye magetsi anoonekwa-chirevo chekakanikidzwa zvikamu, izvo zvinowedzera kuenzanisa mutsauko uyu. Mune mamwe mazwi, maitiro ezviripo anoreva chido cheatomu kuenda kune imwe nyika yakagadzikana, yakashungurudzwa nemaginetic mashizha e generator. Voltage inogona kuvapo pasina ikozvino, kana kupikisa pakati pemakona kwakakura. Izvi zvinotsanangura chokwadi chokuti mabhetiti anowanzo "haashamisi".