Ndivanaani magamba uchichinja? We nyatsoongorora nyaya AP Chekhov kuti "Chameleon"

"Kupfupika - hanzvadzi tarenda." Ishoko ingashandiswa pamwe kubudirira kuti okugadzira zvinhu zviri Munyori waro, Anton Chekhov. Musapfuura pfupi nyaya kana yokufungidzira, aigona kuumba succinct mifananidzo, bata vazhinji nyaya dzakasiyana - social uye nokusingaperi. Achishandisa mazita nevakurukuri, zvinoriumba, zvishoma nezvekufarirwa zviito wemagamba, Chekhov kushandurwa zuva nezuva, zuva nezuva zvinhu kupinda chinhu zvakawanda - chinhu unokubvumira kutonga kana munhu akanaka kana zvakaipa, kuti kufara, etc. izvi zvose zvinogona kushandiswa nyaya "Chameleon". Sezvo munyori zvinoreva Khriukin uye Ochumelovu? Ndivanaani magamba uchichinja? Mhinduro yomubvunzo uyu ndiyo nyaya ino.

Nhoroondo Genre uye zvinhu

"Chameleon" runobva kuna Genre nyaya chinosetsa. Sezvaunoziva, panguva yokutanga nguva basa rake (80s pozaproshlogodnego remakore) Chekhov akasika dzakawanda, kana kwete mazana, akasiyana nyaya, nyaya pfupi, "mifananidzo", "melochishek" uye zvatinoona. Mavari, iye vaishora siyana kukundikana kwevanhu. Uye "Chameleon", vari kunyorwa 1884 uye yakabudiswa "zvimedu" pasi rekunyepedzera Antosha Chehonte, hapana chakasara. Ngatiedzei kufunga pamusoro sei kushaya kuseka Chekhov nguva ino, uye ndiani ari kutaurwa ane norwaivhi. Asi kutanga isu kuongorora kugutsikana.

nyaya

A pachena chinoratidza Chekhov kuti prose - dynamism. Hapana refu vafungisisa, munyori anotaura kare. Mukupesana, kuti chiito inoitika pano uye ikozvino, kwazvo. The nyaya inotanga Achirondedzera sei mapurisa superintendent pamusoro Ochumelov zita anopfuurira pamusika. Tsanangudzo Mashoko pakuonekwa gamba, uyewo dzakapoteredza nzvimbo, vakapiwa zvishoma. Zvisinei, muverengi fungidziro yakanaka haisi nyore kufungidzira ndakafuta chaizvo repakati murume (tsime, chiizve zvinogona mapurisa superintendent) uye kufamba padivi pake mupurisa, ane ruoko pamusoro kunyanyisa mutoro - a nesefa pamwe atorwe gooseberries. On pachivara yanyarara chaizvo uye mwoyo ( "hapana kunyange varombo"). Pasina mubvunzo, izvozvo anoratidzwa guta iri nhare zviduku bourgeoisie, izvo Chekhov ndiine kusemeswa.

Asi shure kune nyaya. Ndeiya yakaita mudungwe Ochumelova uye meya anomisa mheremhere. Chimwe wechipiri - varume uye ona kuti pedanga imbwa anomhanya kutanga uye ipapo kudzingirira wake Khriukin, mupfuri wendarama, ane ropa nomunwe. It anounganidza vazhinji. Ochumelov anoteerera nyaya rechipfuwo (vane imbwa ikakuruma nokuda kuti chidhakwa poked naye kumeso mudzanga) uye inogumisa: kuparadza imbwa. Asi zvino mumwe anoona kuti mhuka zvimwe runobva kuna General. Ochumelov pakarepo anova divi wembwa, ukuwo mupurisa asingadi kutaura chokwadi nezvemavambo rembwa. Saka ini Ochumelov kakawanda ake pfungwa, apo achipfuura Prokhorov, General mubiki haaratidzi: mhuka ndohwaJehovha mukoma mukuru, akanga auya pamusoro kushanya. Zvinoita Mutariri kunyemwerera kusarurama kuchavhumwa somuti uye nokutyisidzira Khryukin. End nyaya. Chimwe chinhu ndechokuti kujeka; ndiye nedzvinyu munyaya Chekhov raMwari? Uye sei kutsanangura musoro basa? Zvavaisiita retelling nyaya yacho chinyorwa hauchazopi mhinduro yemibvunzo iyi.

Saka ndeupi vacho ndiwo norwaivhi?

In Chekhov kuti prose tichienzanisa mhuka unhu nguva dzose anotaura ayo akaipa kupima. Ndiani chete anogona hazvingawanikwi emunyori nyaya: uye kumativi, sezvinoita enhunzi, ari protagonist, ane mudzimai-herring. Uye kana asina dhumhira kupinda gwai achinyepera dzevanhu - dambudziko! Kazhinji bestiary ichi chinogona kuwanikwa chameleons, izvo anokwanisa kuchinja maonero avo chokuita zvakatipoteredza. Saka ndiani ari kutaurwa ndiwo norwaivhi? Mhinduro iri nyore: gadhijeri Ochumelov, kuchinja maitiro zvakakonzera kushamisika revanhu, uye muverengi - ane chibhende achinyemwerera.

Mabiko munhu anofadza

Kuwedzera pakuenzanisa mhuka Chekhov rinoreva dzimwe enyambo unyanzvi, semuenzaniso surnames mutauri. Honye, Gryaznorukov, Gnilodushkin, Polzuhin ... uye Ochumelov pamwe Khriukin Join kambani iyi yakanaka. Kuti tinzwisise nzira kutaura wekupedzisira unonzi kunyanya kukosha. Pasinei chokwadi kuti pakutanga kuverenga wendarama anogona kutorwa sechibayiro, kuti iteerere muverengi mamboona dullness yomudzimu hunhu, izvo zvichaita enzanisa pamwe yenguruve.

Unofanira kuteerera pamusoro mashoko. Chekhov vanotaurawo. Saka, dzichichinja sarudzo, izvo pachazvo anotarisa runako sekesa pfungwa foromani zvikumbiro kukanda, ipapo utore jasi rake. Mukana kubuda nyasha mukuru kutsutsa panyama anoita Ochumelova, zvichiita kuti kunzwa kupisa kana kutonhora.

yemunyori chinangwa

Saka, mubvunzo wokuti ndiani nedzvinyu evanhu mubasa Chekhov raMwari, anobvumirwa. Zvisinei, izvi zvinoreva kuti vamwe vacho napo ziso Copyright-kuona? Chokwadika kwete. We kutaurwa kuti Chekhov sananga akaseka uye Khryukin, asi kwete chete vatambi ava vaviri iri shoma nomunyori. Iye criticizes guta rose, nokuti tsananguro izvo Anton Pavlovich majoko zvakakwana une hungiso.

Nyaya Chekhov vake - yaibatsira chaizvo chigadzirwa kuti unoda kudzidza kuchikoro. Pamusana kwaari, chizvarwa chevechiduku anowana ndiani nedzvinyu (kubva vasangana munzira youpenyu), uye ani, nekusiyana - akanaka uye akatendeseka munhu.