Nhengo kuti excretion. Scheme yavaive miviri

Kusurukirwa ndicho kubviswa tsvina vakaumba somugumisiro muviri. Izvi zvinokosha tiine kutsiga kwayo womukati kwezvakatipoteredza - homeostasis. Names kuzvitsaura nhengo dzemhuka dziri siyana - chaiwo sepombi metanephridia. Murume ane mashandiro nokuda Implementation uyu muitiro.

yavaive miviri maitiro

Metabolic pezvakaitwa chaizvo kunzwisisa uye kutora nzvimbo zvese - kubva samolecular kusvikira organismal. Naizvozvo, Implementation yavo kunoda rose hurongwa. Excretory nhengo kwevanhu outputted yakasiyana zvinhu.

mvura zvakawandisa rinobviswa muviri achishandisa mumapapu, ganda, ura, uye neitsvo. Heavy simbi munyu with chiropa uye ura.

Mapapu - kufema hurongwa, musimboti iyo iri muviri okisijeni uye achibvisa carbon dioxide inobvisa nawo. Izvi ndizvo pose kukosha. Pashure pokusunungurwa, carbon dioxide miti mhuka zvinoshandiswa photosynthesis. In pamberi carbon dioxide, mvura, uye chiedza iri nyoro zvikamu miti iyo zvine ruvara chlorophyll, zvinoumba carbohydrate shuga uye oxygen. Pano ari kwakadaro kunokosha kutenderera zvinhu zvakasikwa inotengwa. Mushure mumapapu vari akaramba zvakare kubviswa mvura zvakawandisa.

Outputs ura undigested chikafu residues, uye pamwe navo uye zvinokuvadza zvibereko muviri, izvo zvinogona kukonzera nomuchetura muviri.

Zvomudumbu shwanu chiropa - a Sefa chaiyo muviri womunhu. Mariri vanobviswa kubva paropa zvine chepfu. Chiropa secretes rinokosha enzayemu - bile, izvo obezorazhivaet muchetura uye anobvisa kubva mumuviri, kusanganisira uturu doro, mishonga.

ganda muchinangwa dzinotsanagura voga

Ose nhengo ose excretion vari irreplaceable. Pashure pezvose, zvaipesana basa ravo muviri kuchaita -wedzera chepfu - muchetura. Of Kunyanya kukosha mune izvi kuridza kupfuura dzevanhu nhengo - ganda. Imwe yacho inokosha mabasa - ndiye Implementation kuti thermoregulation. Munguva ndichibvunza basa muviri anosunungura yakawanda kupisa. Rinoungana, zvinogona kukonzera overheating.

Skin anoita kusimba kupisa goho, vachichengeta chete anodiwa uwandu. Pamwe chete ipapo, kunze mvura, vanobviswa kubva mumuviri chicherwa munyu, urea uye amoniya.

Sei kupisa?

Munhu inodziya-ropa rechiJudha chairo chisikwa. Izvi zvinoreva kuti ake tembiricha muviri hakunei klimaticheskiz mamiriro waanogara kana kwechinguva waanogara. Organic zvinhu vanopinda zvokudya: mapuroteni, mafuta, makabhohaidhiretsi - dzaputswa ari zvomudumbu turakiti vomumatunhu avo. Ndivo vakadanwa monomers. The yakawanda chafariz simba akasunungura panguva izvi. Sezvo ambient tembiricha kazhinji pazasi muviri tembiricha (36.6 madhigirii), maererano nemitemo wefizikisi, muviri inotumira pachisara nokupisa mu zvakatipoteredza, i.e., nenzira ndipo duku. Izvi anochengeta tembiricha zvakanyatsoenzana. Process was uye kupisa chizvarwa nomuviri uye anonzi regulators.

Kana munhu sweats zvikuru kwakanyanya? Kana kuchipisa kunze. Uye kuchitonhora mwaka ziya kushanda haamiri kunze. Izvi imhaka yokuti muviri hazvibatsiri kurasikirwa kupisa kana uye saka havana zvakawanda.

Pfungwa thermoregulation kunokanganisa tsinga. Somuenzaniso, kana bvunzo kubuda dikita yemichindwe, ichi zvinoreva kuti vachingotya kufara midziyo dilate nokupisa nounzenza inowedzerawo.

Nemamiriro nezvezvimwe zvinetso zvedundira

Basa rinokosha hurumende ichiisa metabolic zvigadzirwa kuridza Urinary nhego hurongwa. Inoitwa peya itsvo, ureters, dundira, izvo anovhura kunze urethra. Zvayaiva pasi mufananidzo (Scheme "kuparadzana muviri") inoratidza urongwa kwemiviri izvi.

Itsvo - huru nhengo yavaive

Excretory nhengo kutanga munhu neitsvo. It aiwanzopiwa wokushanda bhinzi serin'i nhengo. Ivo riri mudumbu ari mativi ose nomuzongoza, izvo akashandura concave divi.

Kunze nomumwe wavo akazadza goko. Kuburikidza chaiyo paburi, unonzi renal gedhi pamuviri zvinosanganisira midziyo ropa, tsinga uye ureters.

The rukoko romukati achiumbwa nezvezvikwata zviviri zvinhu: cortical (rima) uye pfungwa (chiedza). The itsvo aumbwa weti, iyo inounganidzwa rinokosha tangi - chiuno, achipfuura kwazviri ari ureter.

Nephron - huru Unit itsvo

Excretory zvomukati, kunyanya itsvo, rine maumbirwo zvokutanga dzakabatana. Zviri mukati metabolic izvi pezvakaitwa kuitika panguva cellular chechetere. Mumwe itsvo rinoumbwa miriyoni nephrons - the STRUCTURAL uye dzichipfekeka dzakabatana.

Mumwe nomumwe wavo inoumbwa renal corpuscle, izvo zvinozoita runopoteredza mukombe serin'i Kamudzira pamwe tangle rwengarava ropa. Weti pakutanga kuenda pano. Kubva mumwe Kamudzira abve convoluted tubules wokutanga uye chechipiri tubular, rakavhurika yakaungana ducts.

The mashandiro kuti paumbwe weti

Weti achiumbwa paropa somugumisiro pezvakaitwa maviri: filtration uye reabsorption. The rokutanga azvaiitwa kuitika corpuscles nephron. Filtration kuti plasma anosarudza zvinoriumba zvose kunze mapurotini. Saka, muna weti ane utano munhu hazvifaniri fuma. Uye kwayo Kuvapo kunoratidza kutyora metabolic kwendangariro. Somugumisiro inonzwika apo imwe mvura aumbwa, unonzi chepuraimari weti. uwandu Its - marita 150 pazuva.

Pashure anouya chinotevera Danho - reabsorption. Chaizvoizvo Its iri yokuti kubva chikuru weti muropa vakanwa shure zvose zvinobatsira kuti nhengo zvinhu: chicherwa munyu, amino acids, shuga, yakawanda mvura. Zvinoguma weti yechipiri - 1.5 fő pazuva. Munyaya ino hwakanaka munhu haafaniri kuva nyore shuga shuga.

Secondary weti muna 96% mvura. Uyewo zvinosanganisira yavaibvisa, potassium uye kuiisa chlorine, urea uye uric acid.

Micturition Reflex mutambi

Mumwe nephron yechipiri weti anopinda renal chiuno, umo inoyerera achifamba ureter kuti dundira. Zviri tsandanyama nhego unpaired. The Vhoriyamu dundira kunowedzera nezera, uye munhu mukuru rinosvika 0.75 l. Kunze dhudhumira rinovhura urethra. Panguva goho riri shoma vaviri sphincter tsandanyama - tenderera tsandanyama.

To kuzomukazve weti kwacho kunofanira -wedzera ari dundira anenge 0.3 litres. Kana izvi zvaitika, receptors vari dzinovhurika masvingo. Tsandanyama chibvumirano uye kwenyama sphincter. Weti kunoitika randomly, i.e. mukuru anogona kudzora izvi. Weti kuzvidzora achishandisa tsinga, centre waro iri munzvimbo sacral munzvimbo musana.

yavaive basa nhengo

Itsvo basa rinokosha mune muitiro achibvisa okupedzisira zvibereko muviri zviri muviri, waidzora mvura uye munyu mukutsinhana uye tiine nguva dzose pakati osmotic nevezera nemvura svikiro muviri.

excretory nhengo akanatsa zvinokachidza kubva muviri apo kuramba yakatsiga azvipire zvinhu zviri kugutsikana zvakakodzera kuti dzose zvizere nokushanda kwenhengo dzemuviri.