Ruvara mvura. Pakusarudza ehupfumi dzemvura

dzidziso dzose kwakabva upenyu Panyika neimwe nzira chokuita nemvura. Iye kugara nesu, uyezve, mukati medu. Most munhuwo, mvura bani iripowo munyama muviri, izvozvo zvinoita kuti mumwe itsva mweya uye kurova kwehana. In azvaiitwa zvose zviri rinobatanidzwa nokuda kwayo nemamwe zvivako.

Chii mvura: tsanangudzo

Kubva esayenzi maonero huru emura nyika chinomirira rehydrogen oxide - binary inorganic akakura. The samolecular payakavakirwa mvura iri zvichida anozivikanwa vose. Mumwe STRUCTURAL chaikosha rayo inoumbwa rimwe okisijeni atomu uye rehydrogen maatomu maviri chokuita ne polar covalent chisungo. Under kwomuzvarirwo ezvinhu, zviri imvura ezvinhu, haana kunaka kana kunhuwidza. In Mavhoriyamu duku mvura pachena pasina admixtures vari Hauoneki.

The chaivo basa

Water - mukuru solvent. Ndizvo zvakaita samolecular mamiriro achibvumira tsanangudzo kudaro. Properties mvura chokuita yaro polarisability: mumwe Morekuru ane matanda maviri. Negative chokuita oxygen, uye yakanaka - pamwe rehydrogen maatomu. Mvura Morekuru anokwanisa rokuumba vanonzi rehydrogen zvisungo pamwe tudonhwe zvimwe zvinhu kukwezva oppositely mhosva maatomu ayo "+" uye "-". Saka munhu venhumbi yava mhinduro anofanirawo inobudisa. Mumwe Morekuru rakakomberedzwa akawanda mvura inoramba. Pashure rokutendeutsa fuma anova mukuru reactivity. Sezvo solvent, mvura rinoshandiswa nemasero zvose zvipenyu. Uyu ndiwo mumwe wevaya zvivako kuti kuona kwayo yomuzvarirwo basa.

vatatu inoti

Mvura anozivikanwa kwatiri muna matatu siyana: mvura, yakasimba uye gaseous. The rokutanga inoti izvi zviri aggregation, sezvo kare akataura, maitire mvura pasi ambient ezvinhu. Panguva dzekudya mumhepo kumanikidzwa uye kutonhora pazasi 0 ° C yava chando. Kana kudziyisa kwemashoko rinosvika 100 ° C, nemhute kubva mvura aumba.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti zvayakaita akafanana zvinhu anowanzoita rinowanikwa gaseous kwehurumende uye vane pasi Kubika pfungwa. Chikonzero kuti hama pakusimba mvura - iri hydrogen kusungwa pakati mamorekuru. Kupinda mumamiriro chiutsi zvinokosha kuti varambane. Rehydrogen zvisungo vane simba zvakakwana, uye kuvaparadza, yakawanda simba runodiwa. Nokudaro, mukuru Kubika pfungwa.

pamusoro makakatanwa

Nokuda kuti rehydrogen chokuedza mvura dzinoratidzwa yakakwirira pamusoro makakatanwa. Panyaya iyi, zviri wechipiri chete nemekiyuri. Pamusoro makakatanwa kutarisirwa inowanikwa vezvenhau maviri akasiyana, uye kunoda kuti zvekushandisa womumwe simba rakawanda. Mugumisiro pfuma iyi ndivo anonakidza Migumisiro. In weightlessness donhwe anotora idenderedzwa chimiro, sezvo mvura kunoita kuderedza yayo penyika kuti kuchengetedza simba. Saizvozvowo, mvura achiita dzimwe nguva pane nonwettable zvinhu. Muenzaniso - dova donhwe pamusoro mashizha. Kuburikidza nesimba pamusoro sunga pemvura dziva skaters anogona papfungwa uye zvimwe zvipembenene.

An insulator kana kondakita?

Pazuva utano uye kuchengeteka vana inowanzonzi anonzi zvidzidzo mvura kuti magetsi tsime. Zvisinei, ichi hachisi chokwadi. Nokuda hunhu mamiriro avo, mvura yakachena zvakaneta dissociated uye non-conductive. Kureva, chokwadi, chinhu insulator. Zvisinei, chaiye ezvinhu kusangana mvura saka yakachena zvisingaiti sezvo urwa zvinhu zvakawanda. Uye nemhaka vakawanda netsvina mvura inova kondakita. Uyezve, kukwanisa kuitisa magetsi kunogona tsunga sei mvura zhinji wakachena.

Refraction uye Absorção de Água

Chimwe pfuma mvura, kubvira kumusoro chikoro zvose - nayo anokwanisa refract chiedza mwaranzi. Mushure achipfuura nemvura chiedza anoverengeka kuchinja divi. With zvazviri ichi chokuita paumbwe nomuraraungu. Uyewo, iyo refraction chiedza, uye manzwisisire atinoita izvozvo zvinoumba hwaro zvikanganiso kuona kudzika kwemvura, inogara ichiita duku pane zvechokwadi.

Zvisinei, kuti refracted chiedza zvinooneka chakarondedzera. Uye, somuenzaniso, michini mwaranzi mvura kunyura. Ndokusaka pane girinihausi kushanda. Kuti tinzwisise zvakavanzika mvura Mumagazini mupfungwa ichi tinogona kuenda zvechadenga kuitika Venus. Mune imwe shanduro girinihausi maturo panyika chakaita kwemvura mvura.

mvura ruvara

Aninani akaona gungwa, kana kutsva mvura muviri uye kuenzaniswa nayo nemvura mugirazi, akaona vamwe zvakatosiyana. Ruvara mvura dzinongoitika kana chakagadzirwa muviri mvura hapasi nezvatakarerekera zviri kuchengetwa mukombe. Muchiitiko chokutanga, zviri zvitema, zvitema, kunyange mutema-yellow, wechipiri hadzisi kuwanika. Saka chii Chipendai mvura here?

Zvakaratidza kuti haisi kwakachena zvokunwa iri Hauoneki. Iye ane zvishomanana rinokwanisa kucheneruka tint. Water ruvara zvakadaro akacheneruka kuti zviduku zvakawanda zvinoita sokuti zvachose segirazi. Zvisinei, pasi dzinongoitika ezvinhu, zvinoita sokuti pakubwinya kwayo zvose. Uyezve, vakawanda kuchena sokune dzemagetsi, kushandura ehupfumi mvura. All vakasangana kanenge kamwe mudhamu munyoro kana brownish puddles.

Ruvara nemvura youpenyu

Bemhapemha pakati dura kazhinji kuvimba tusingaoneki vachishingaira kuwedzera mairi marara matombo. kazhinji mvura Greenish inoratidza kuvapo algae duku. Mugungwa nzvimbo kupendwa mune ruvara, kazhinji mhuka zhinji. Naizvozvo, vabati vehove nguva dzose kuteerera Ruvara mvura. Clear yebhuruu Mvura varombo plankton, uye, naizvozvo, avo vanofudza pamusoro pavo.

Dzimwe nguva tusingaoneki batanidza zvikuru noshamisa kwerima guru. Anozivikanwa mudziva chocolate pamusoro mvura ruvara. Basa algae chete-celled uye utachiona akaita simaradhino muviri mvura pachitsuwa Chanakira muIndonesia.

In Switzerland Sanetsch Pass ane nyanza nemvura rakajeka rwepingi. A zvishoma kupfuura nomumvuri rakachenuruka ane muviri mvura muSenegal.

Colorful chishamiso

Unoshamisa kuona sokuti pamberi vashanyi muUnited States, reNational Yellowstone Park. Pane mudziva Morning Glory. mvura yaro vari yebhuruu zvakajeka ruvara. Chikonzero ruvara ichi - zvakafanana utachiona. Yellowstone akakurumbira zvakawanda geysers uye zvitubu zvemvura inopisa. Nechepasi kwegungwa Morning Glory iri rakamanikana muromo dzemabota. The achifumira Kupisa kwazviri uye tiine mvura tembiricha uyewo kugadzira mabhakitiriya. Kamwe yose nyanza yakanga sekristaro rwebhuruu. Zvisinei, nokufamba kwenguva muromo rinoputika tsinga, izvo akabatsira uye vashanyi rudo rwake kukanda mari nezvimwe ungwandangwanda. Somugumisiro, pose tembiricha kunoderedza, zvakatanga bereka mamwe marudzi mabhakitiriya. Nhasi kupenda mvura kunosiyana-siyana pamwe udzamu. Nechepasi kwegungwa achiri rakadzika mutema.

bhiriyoni anoverengeka apfuura, mvura pave chidzoke upenyu Panyika. Kubvira ipapo, ukoshi hwayo asingadi kudukupiswa. Mvura kunokosha kuti nhamba nemakemikari panguva cellular vanochiva zviri chikamu munyama zvose uye nhengo. Nyanza anofukidza anenge 71% of nyika pevhu uye inoita basa rinokosha kuramba kutsiga mamiriro akadaro hofori gadziriro sezvo Earth. Physical uye namakemikari zvivako emvura kubvumira kudana ayo fuma chikuru zvose zvipenyu zvose. Reservoirs, ari nzvimbo ine zvipuka zvine masero akawanda zvipenyu, mukuwedzera, uve honzeri runako uye kurudziro, ratidza kukuru okugadzira zvinhu zvakasikwa.