Nhoroondo "Mikhail Somov" mudziyo

History haagoni kurumbidza mudonzvo chete, asiwo anoramba. Kana yegungwa pane akawandisa hunoshamisa zvikepe, vane mazita anozivikanwa pasi rose. Asi kwete nguva dzose, ngarava yakava akakurumbira nokuda hondo zvechiuto. Paiva nevaya yawana notoriety zvimwe zvikonzero. Zviri pamusoro mudziyo "Mikhail Somov".

Research Scientist

Tanga nyaya aizi ichi zvakakodzera zita rayo. Kufanana nedzimwe ngarava dzakawanda, ichi ainzi pashure yakakurumbira mutsvakurudzi yeSoviet. Mihail Mihaylovich Somov akaberekwa muna 1908 muMoscow. Akapa makore akawanda kudaro ake kufarira basa, akava chiremba sciences nenzvimbo, uye muna 1952 akanga paakavapa kuGold Star of Hero of Soviet Union.

Baba mutsvakurudzi yemberi yaiva purofesa uye varimi hove imwe mumayunivhesiti munyika. Pachake Mikhail Mikhailovich uye pashure chikoro vakatanga kudzidzisa ikoko. Nechekare mumakore 30 akanga nomukana kuenda kweArctic rwendo.

Mikhail akakwanisa kurarama Guru Patriotic Hondo uye kunyange paakavapa menduru "Nokuti Kutsigira Soviet Arctic", "Nokuti Victory pamusoro Germany muna Great Patriotic yeHondo 1941-1945." Uyewo hurongwa Red Star.

Munguva yehondo akanga mukupara echando kuvhiyiwa muGungwa White flotilla. Kakawanda akabatsira chikepe kuburikidza kweArctic, uye gare gare akadzivirira musha Dixon kubva German ngarawa.

Pashure pehondo, Mikhail Somov akakwanisa kudzoka basa nesayenzi. Iye akadzivirira chinyorwa chake, ndokunanga ari polar yemapurisa "North Pole 2". Muna 1955 aiva mukana wokuva musoro wokutanga Soviet Antarctic rwendo. Naizvozvo, hapana nguva aiva mukuru pakutsvakurudza pakufamba.

bhavhudhe

Mikhail akafa muna 1973. Mumatsutso gore rinouya, dare rehurumende Hydrometeorology uye hydrology of USSR akarayira basa racho. Vakava chikepe "Mikhail Somov". Kutura chikepe mumvura chete muna February 1975 muzhizha iyi, ngarava akarerwa neHurumende mureza of USSR. pamutemo zuva uyu "kuberekwa" pakati aizokunda chando. Kamwe chaiendiswa SRI utariri kweArctic uye Antarctic. Uye, chokutanga ndege mumatsutso 1975.

The dambudziko rokutanga

Panguva iyoyo wekushandisa "Nyika chando" aiva akaoma uye ngozi. Pasinei nokuti vasakukurwa aigara kusingafadzi chikwata, yaiva nyaya asi kujairana. Zvichida, zvakanga anotyisa uye kuti chando mudariki "Mikhail Somov" akaenda regedzeka, makore maviri chete pashure ake rwokutanga.

Izvi zvakaitika muna 1977. Chinangwa nekufamba nechikepe ezvidzidzo uye kushandura mudonzvo Arctic yemapurisa "Leningrad". Asi chete munzira kuenda kuushumiri akasangana chikepe vari echando cohesion 8-10. Akarega ichifamba, aigona chete tariro zvakanakisisa. A shoma vakazotanga yokutanga mu "Mikhail Somov" upenyu Balleny chando vasakukurwa pamusoro hondo.

Nevashandi vomungarava haina kurasikirwa. Vakatokwanisa kupedza basa. Pashure anenge maviri pamwedzi aizi akakwanisa kutiza mumusungo. Nokutapwa mazuva 53 ', "nechikepe anopfuura 250 mamaira.

Profile zviitiko

Asi chaiyo mukuru-Profile zviitiko chete muna 1985. Ipapo ice-mudariki "Mikhail Somov" akaenda Gungwa Ross. Pane riri pedyo yemapurisa "Russian", waiva vanoda zvinhu uye kuchinja vashandi.

Kunyange ipapo aizivikanwa kuti Pacific nemauto pamusoro Antarctica inozivikanwa "zvinoshamisa" ngozi. Ice arrays akange orema, saka chikepe akapedza nguva yakawanda uye chiteshi akauya zvikuru paya. Zvakangoitikawo kuti rwendo akatotanga akatanga Antarctic chando.

Nguva yasvika nyore. Asi "Mikhail Somov" vaisagona kusiya vomunyika yake. Ngarava aifanira tutunura chinotsva uye zvigadzirwa, uyewo kushandura mudonzvo.

Tanga dambudziko

Uyezve zvakaitika nokukurumidza. Musi waMarch 15, ngarava yakarova chando musungo. Rose mhepo ine simba, uye boka racho nemutemo rinorema echando floes. Twi gungwa pabutiro yakanga 3-4 mamita paukobvu. Zvakava pachena kuti kubuda nokukurumidza kukundikana.

Zvakatanga kununura oparesheni. Zvino unofanira dzaona tichibatsirwa satellites uye zvemuchadenga ushori anofungidzirwa kusunungurwa mazuva ayo aizi "Mikhail Somov". Ngarava, anofungidzirwa, kuwana pakutapwa, kusvikira pakupera 1985.

Kunze kuti panguva ino chikwata inogona yekudyidzana wakaderedzwa pauwandu, paiva achiri dambudziko zvachose kuti vakadzvinyirirwa. Uyezve, nyaya iyi kwakatoitika ne "Chelyuskin". Zvaiva pachena kuti aifanira kuva chirongwa nokuumbwa kwomusasa chando, iyo aifanira kuita kuti chikwata kumirira kununurwa.

Kungopeta maoko hazviitwi

Gare gare zvikazikamwa kuti pedyo vakabatwa chikwata chaiva chikepe "Pavel Korchagin". Asi "pedyo" zvakakwana kuzviitira pfungwa. By tsika Antarctica, chaizvoizvo zvakanga pedyo, asi chaizvoizvo pakati matare vaiva mazana makiromita.

Panguva ino, nyika nhau hova chete uye akati kuti chikwata zvichaguma. Zvakanga zvakakodzera kuti ndiponese chikepe "Mikhail Somov". Vanotanga chero nguva aigona vaparadze upenyu vakawanda vanhu. Ipapo vakatanga kutaura kuti ngarava kusiyiwa kutapwa kwavo uye kuponesa munhu zviri kunonoka.

Kutaura zvazviri, aiva chete makuhwa. Atova April, achibatsirwa helicopters, 77 vanhu mungarava "Pavel Korchagin" zvifambiswe. 53 polar vatsvakurudzi vachiri mundege. Vaisanganisira Captain Valentin Rodchenko. Atova May, vakava makatsemuka kuoneka muaizi akapoteredza chikepe. Pane tariro yoruponeso. Asi zvakava kunyange kuipa. Nemhepo chikepe kumaodzanyemba.

batsira

Nechekare mukutanga kwezhizha 1985 hurumende yasarudza kutumira ari kununura rwendo aizi "Vladivostok". Panyaya mazuva mudziyo akasvika achitsigira navo. Mumazuva 5 chete mungarava yakatakura zvokudya peturu, midziyo uye helicopters.

Asi mukuru, "Vladivostok" yaiva chaizvo rakaoma. Gennady Anokhin aifanira kutungamirira chikepe kuitira kuti iye pachake akanga asina kuponesa. Zvikasadaro, izvi zvingadai vapedza nyaya ice-mudariki "Mikhail Somov".

Dambudziko raiva kuti mhando "Vladivostok" chikepe pasi pemvura chikamu aiva zai serin'i. Izvi zvakaitwa kuitira kuti kana ngozi chikepe adzingwa nemisungo yavo. Asi Gennadiem Anohinym basa asati aisangova kuenda "Mikhail Somov" asiwo kukunda rinozivikanwa Latitude: asi forties uye vamakumi mashanu, vakanga vakakurumbira nokuda manyemwe kwavo uye ngozi.

"Vladivostok" vakabudirira asvika New Zealand, pakanga pachine kudanda peturu uye akaenda Antarctica.

unhu nomukurumbira

Nhoroondo "Mikhail Somov" kwakapa mukana tinyatsoziva vakadaro vakashinga Artur Chilingarov uye Victor Gusev. First panguva aiva musoro kununura kushanda uye kuti "Vladivostok" kwava kusvika musungwa. Chechipiri - zvino anozivikanwa mitambo mutsinhiri. vanhu vashoma vanoziva, asi basa rake rakatanga mushure zvakadaro yakakurumbira aizi.

Saka kana Chilingarov akagadzwa musoro kununura oparesheni, vatsvakurudzi havana chaizvo. Vamwe kuremekedza pamwe noruvengo. Asi ndizvozvo paya Gusev akadzivirira chepamutemo. Akati kuti kwete chete Chilingarov musayendisiti uye mufambi, ari nyanzvi mumunda dzavo, uye Chikurukuru, iye akaita nawo.

Mutsinhiri akazoudza nyaya Anorova zvakadaro kure. Zvakaratidza kuti pashure kutumira "Vladivostok" New Zealand mudziyo kubatwa dutu. Kunze kuti chikwata uye saka havasi wajaira zviitiko zvakadaro, ngarava yacho haina kugadzirira okunze akaipa. Aizi kubvunda kumativi. Three zuva vatsvakurudzi akatambura seasickness. Cook kugona kuita chinhu. Chilingarov chete chinyararire vakatamira vakakomba chikepe, vakagadzirira, kana mumwe munhu akabvunza.

Nokuparadzwa njodzi

Nepo chikepe "Mikhail Somov" akararama sezvo kugona, "Vladivostok" ndichiri kutamburira pamwe dutu. Panguva ino, iyo emiti peturu, iyo chikwata vakakunda muNew Zealand, kutanga kugeza mugungwa. Chilingarov vakazivisa polar vatsvakurudzi kuti kana vacharasikirwa 50% of nemafuta, vachakwanisa kubatisisa vasungwa, asi kana 51%, ipapo chikepe achafanira kudzokera.

Gusev anoyeuka kuti vose vari kumira netsoka dzake, vakamhanyira kusungirira Upfu. Uye izvi zvinoitwa kuti zvakanga zvichibvira. Somugumisiro, zvakanzi vakawana kuti isingasviki pahafu akarasika huni, uye vanosara rakanga zvakakwana kuenda "Mikhail Somov".

Zvibayiro nokuda

Mafuta uye zvokudya chaizvoizvo zvakanga zvisina kukwana. Team aiva zvikuru kuponesa zvinhu, kwete chete kuti vararame pachavo, asi kuponesa navo. Kwakasarudzwa kugeza uye nokushambidza kaviri pamwedzi chete. Kwemazuva vashandi vemo uye kuchenesa kunze sikuruwa uye vakasunungura chando. Taifanira sezvo kungwarira nokuti mungozi kwakanga kusiri chete upenyu hwake, asi vamwe.

A mwedzi pashure kutumira "Vladivostok" akakwanisa kuenda "Pavel Korchagin" mudziyo. Zvino kosi akasungwa ari Diesel-emagetsi "Mikhail Somov". Papera vhiki, vasungwa vacho kuna MI-8 neherikoputa kuti akaunza muchikepe vanachiremba uye anodiwa zviwanikwa.

Ushingi uye ushingi

Pamberi chikepe kwakanga anenge mazana maviri makiromita. "Vladivostok" muwisira ice mumusungo. Viktor Gusev achiri anoyeuka sei nevashandi vomungarava akabuda pamusoro chando. Ngarava huru yakanga ashaye tambo. The vashandi vakaita zvakanaka, akatanga kwake zvibatiso akatanga kuzunungusa chikepe. Tsika iyi watopiwa kushandiswa polar, zvichida zvinobudirira. Asi kununura basa nguva ino haana rombo.

Zviitiko zvakadaro hazvigoni kungotariswa. Nature akasarudza kupa mukana vafambisi, uye mangwana mazizaya akasiya "Vladivostok" woga. In polar hapana nguva yasara kunyange mufaro. Zvakanga zvakakodzera kununura navo.

Events yose Soviet Union akaona Antarctica. July 26, nenguva 9 am Chilingarov pamwe chikwata asvika nhapwa "Mikhail Somov". maawa maviri mushure chikepe okololi uye akatora wiring.

Taifanira kukurumidza. Antarctic chando anogona kubata zvose zvokuchenesa romuromo. Ngarava "Mikhail Somov" vaifanira kubviswa rinorema chando. Vanenge 3 mavhiki dzinopwanya aizi kusango gungwa, uye pashure 6 Mazuva apinda Wellington, kwavakagamuchirwa vaigamuchirwa sezvo magamba vechokwadi.

adventures itsva

Zvakangoitikawo kuti "Mikhail Somov" akatongerwa kechitatu apinde chando vasakukurwa. kwete zvakaitika panguva - muna 1991. zhizha vashandi vakaenda anonunura "Youth" chiteshi. Ikoko anobviswa vatsvakurudzi muchikepe mudziyo. Asi munzira kumusha akanga zvakare musungwa echando. In pemwedzi August, kuti vezvikepe akaenda Kununurwa chikwata.

Ndaifanira kudzokera yose vashandi vemo shure nomusi "Youth" chiteshi. Uye chete pezvizuva, Il-76MD aigona kusunungura 190 vatsvakurudzi. Ngarava yacho yakaramba vachabatwa chaipo kusvika December 28. Vangamubatsira saka hapana akauya, zvakanga zvakafanira kuti akaoma ezvinhu munyika. Uye kana "Mikhail Somov" akakwanisa kupukunyuka pachavo, Soviet Union agara akaramba "pasi enyika chando chando".

In panhengo

Muna 2000 iye aiitisa yokugadzirisa ngarava uye akatuma pamukova dzinoshandiswa North UGMS. Nanhasi, "Mikhail Somov", mufananidzo chinogara kuyeuka zvakawanda, kunobatsirei vatsvakurudzi. Mugore rokutanga pashure ayo rumutsiriro, akabudirira yenzendo maviri, kuendesa zvinhu kune polar zvechitima.

Gore rakatevera, izvi nzendo vakanga nomwe. Kuwedzera kutsigira Flights ndokutangazve uye tsvakurudzo. Muna 2003, ngarava inopwanya aizi akaenda parwendo papurogiramu "Pechora - Shtokman 2003", uye akaitawo rwendo kuenda kweArctic kuitira kupa zvose zvakafanira tsvakurudzo.

Kwemakore 16 Akaitawo hwakawanda Vols kuti vakasonganira kwete chete polar pazviteshi, asiwo tsvakurudzo mabasa. Zvino anorwira midziyo uye zvokushandisa kuti yemapurisa uye kumuganhu mbiru, uyewo kubatsira kuita kudzidza Arctic gungwa echando. The chikepe muchizvikudza akabata zita yakakurumbira musayendisiti Mikhail Somov, uye anoramba kuti mupiro nesayenzi.

chinokudza

Aizi, kufanana yake yakakurumbira aiongorora, akanga anokudza mibayiro. Pashure chakakomba uye akashinga rwendo 1985 "Mikhail Somov" vakagamuchira Order of Red Banner of Labor nokuda aitarira 133 mazuva heroically achidzivisa vasakukurwa ari chando Antarctica.

Panguva iyoyowo, akanga paakavapa tenzi mudziyo Valentine Rodchenko: akava Hero yeSoviet Union. Usakanganwa pamusoro navamwe vake rakarira.