Nomusero Eratosthenes mu zvirongwa

Masvomhu - Science, iyo yakabuda chiuru makore mashoma, uye ari kushingaira kushandiswa muGirisi yekare. Zvisinei, masayendisiti akawanda, theorists, uyo akararama panguva iyoyo, akaita zvakawanikwa, rwakazokura kwazvo uye akangwara, asi kuzivikanwa chaicho kuti emakore mashoma, kana zvigadzirwa akabvumira pakuziva zvakawanda kutsvakurudza kuti svomhu yekare. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti zvose Masvomhu yaiitwa muna eras kure "mupfungwa" uye raiva guru-pamwero panopindwa Masvomhu. Imwe yakakurumbira nyanzvi yechiGiriki aiva Eratosthenes, asati agadzwa akadana zimbuya mapurogiramu. With veMubatanidzwa kombiyuta nesayenzi Masvomhu ake, dzidziso uye axioms kazhinji dzikwanise kombiyuta "mitauro". Ari zvombo wemasvomhu akanga akawanda anonakidza zvakabudiswa, asi rakajairika aiva nomusero Eratosthenes kukubatsira nokukurumidza kuwana chikuru nhamba yacho akapa kutevedzana.

Nhoroondo masayendisiti

Pasinei chokwadi kuti zvose mabasa nyanzvi kwakaitika pamusoro munharaunda kweGirisi yekare, nzvimbo yechizvarirwo ari shasha Africa mu rechitatu remakore BC. Akadzidzisa musayendisiti mumaguta pakukura Greece, uko kwaakandogara zvachose. Vadzidzisi vake vakanga anozivikanwa vadetembi, vazivi, uye girama nguva. Nemhaka nzwisisika kukura uye ruremekedzo mudenderedzwa dzakafanana Pazvinhu theorist vakakokwa kuti pambiru raibhurari weAlexandria, apo akashanda kusvikira parufu rwake, nokusika incredible zvidimbu Music yaitonga, uye tsvakurudzo munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira nomusero Eratosthenes. Contemporary nyanzvi - kunozivikanwa Archimedes - akataura naye chete namavara kumeso uye kunyange akatsaurira nomumwe basa basa.

kubudirira

The chikuru chepfungwa nyanzvi yekare nevakawanda aionekwa somunhu pakawanda nharaunda kudzidza. Panguva iyoyo vanenge zvose mabhora, iye kubudirira kunoshamisa zvabuda. Philosophy, nhetembo, masvomhu, nezvenyeredzi, mumhanzi, philology, jogirafi - chakadaro yakasiyana universalism ari kutsvaka ruzivo theorist Pentatl ashandira remadunhu- nokuwadzana mutambo kumativi. Ichokwadi, haana kuva mukuru mumwe munzvimbo akadzidza, asi mumwe nomumwe wavo zvakazoonekwa kuti vaite basa rakanaka. Izvi zvinoratidzwa hwakawanda huripo zvimedu basa rake uye tsvakurudzo. Pasinei nokuva mumumvuri vamwe vakararama panguva yake, musayendisiti akaita abatsira zvikuru munhoroondo masvomhu, uye nomusero Eratosthenes ane zvimwe inozivikanwa misha kurudyi yaiva nzvimbo imwe yakakurumbira geometric uye svomhu matongo.

History of zita uye nzvimbo mashoko

Munguva dzekare, zvinyorwa zvose, kusanganisira masvomhu akaita pamusoro inokosha wakisi pamahwendefa. Naizvozvo, kana pakuverenga kuti svomhu uye algebraic hunhu, kunyanya panguva achisiya nhamba sequences, kuti vatsvakurudzi "kudzima" zvakanyorwa pamusoro nenhumbi dzavo. Mushure ose basa ndiro rakaita chimedu mhuri midziyo chidzidzo uye akanzi - nomusero Eratosthenes. The riwedzere nokuti buri vaiva nepfungwa shasha yokuwana of times mune zvakasikwa akatevedzana. Operation kwakatora mwedzi inoverengeka, harisati kuitwa chokupedzisira mugumisiro. Muzana remakore rechitatu BC, kwaiva budiriro.

Chii chinonzi algorithm?

A anokurumidza nzira kuwana zvose chikuru nhamba dzinongoitika mumutsara Nyanzvi vanofarira kubva panguva yakare. Pashure pezvose, havasi vane zvachose kutevedzana uye akarongwa quasi-chero murayiro. Panguva iyoyo, nyanzvi zvikurukuru kunzwisisa uye vakadzidza sei kuti Masvomhu zvakakodzera nokukurumidza. In ichi Vakabatsirwa ne nyore algorithm - nomusero Eratosthenes. Antique shasha rakawanikwa muna matanho akawanda:

• Tora dzinongoitika nhamba kubva kune nhamba (Generic rokuti N) .Stoit yakati kuti wandei zvemakore ago chikwata kwainzi chikuru nhamba. Zvino ndorwevaya chinokosha kuti haina yakaoma tsananguro.
• Uyezve pane deletion nhamba zvose divisible vaviri.
• Zvadaro, chokutanga hunobviswa chasara (iyi, katatu), uye vanodzinga nhamba zvose kuti achawira mariri.
• The kukarukureta mberi kusvikira pakupedzisira nhamba iri kutevedzana.
• Nhamba yasara ichange iine chete nyore zviratidzo.

pfungwa iyi yagara nezvenzvimbo chete inoshanda, asi pamwe veMubatanidzwa nyanzvi kombiyuta vakakwanisa kugadzira Masvomhu zvikuru kunzwisisa sequences. Zvisinei, kunyange itsva ruzivo nomusero Eratosthenes kunokosha kwemasvomhu dzidziso.

Zvirongwa mitauro svomhu

Technology, makombiyuta, uye kombiyuta nesayenzi vakabvumira masvomhu kudzidza algebraic dzidziso, kusvika padanho idzva kukura nesayenzi. Danho rokutanga, achishandisa mukana vanofanira nokusangana known svomhu uye geometric zvidzidzo zviri mapurogiramu. Mumwe zvikuru nevanhu panguva nguva Computing Languages vakatanga, kusanganisira kuti kuverenga pamusoro algorithm nomusero Eratosthenes, Pascal. Achibatsirwa masekonzi mashoma, unogona kuwana chikuru zviverengo kutevedzana dzinongoitika nhamba, izvo kare kuwanika kana dzaona nokuda huru vakanyoresa matora nguva yakawanda. Somugumisiro, mashoko anobatsira hwaro chivakwa chitsva akagashira hwakavandudzwa shanduro Zvakawanikwa dzekare uye Mikana anenge risingaperi Masvomhu.

Shandisa musi Olympiad ano mu Informatics

Pari hapana makwikwi kuti vadzidzi nyaya dzakasiyana zvakare kuwedzera kukurumbira. Laureates uye vakundi zviitiko izvi kuenda inotevera padanho kurovedza uye anogona kuwana tarisiro yakanaka basa ramangwana, kusanganisira zvinhu kwaanoita. Olympiad muna Informatics anosanganisira kwete chete matambudziko, asi kuwana kuzivikanwa pfungwa dzakadaro akadai inonyanya nhamba. Saka nesefa Eratosthenes akashandiswa nzira inonyanya kuitika kuti pakuverenga sequences kuburikidza kusanganisa axioms mupurogiramu remitemo. Pasinei kuwanikwa kare, dzidziso iyi kunobatsira nokukurumidza uye zvinobudirira ajairane rakaoma Masvomhu.