Nuclear subterrene "Battle nhuta". Secret kukura Soviet

Munhu kwenguva refu nguva zvakabata singi kusvika pasi, ipapo utore mumhepo, chairo pakati penyika kuzadzisa. Zvisinei, zvaiita kuti vamwe kure chete renyaya enganonyorwa uye rengano. Mazuva ano subterrene - hazvisisirizve chete zvokungofungidzira. pakukura uye vachindiedza munzvimbo iyi rwaiitwa. Pashure pokuverenga nyaya yedu, uchadzidza zvinhu zvakawanda zvinonakidza pamusoro muchina uyu sezvo subterrene.

chikepe Underground mumabhuku

Zvakangotanga akatanga kutiza chinoshamisira. Muna 1864, Zhyul Vern akabudisa akakurumbira yokufungidzira vanoda "Rwendo kuna Center of Nyika". vatambi vake vakaburukira pakati redu kuburikidza mumuromo rinoputika. Muna 1883 akabudisa bhuku "Underground moto" Shuzi. Mairi vatambi, kushanda pamwe mapiki, rwakagadzirira rwangu yepanyika centre. Zvisinei, mubhuku rinotaurwa kuti chinoumba panyika chaizvo. Alexei NdiTolstoy, Russian munyori, akaita nani. Muna 1927 akanyora "The hyperboloid kuti Engineer Garin". Hero unoshanda nzira yake anenge zvachose kuburikidza mukati enyika, pamwe humdrum uye kunyange nevamwe kutsoropodza.

Vanyori vose ava zvokufungidzira kuti zvakanga zvisingaiti kuti tuzvikonzero. The pfungwa chaiva vavambi nemainjiniya, munhu enyika nevafungi pakati rechi19 - mangwanani kwerechi20. Zvisinei, muna rakabudiswa muna 1937 "subsoil vakundi 'Grigoriy Adamov akatuma pasi zvatinosiita dambudziko nebudiriro vatariri USSR uuraye Wepasi menyika. Magadzirirwo, rakanga riri rake rinonzi subterrene kufanana akapomerwa pakavanda CB vanodhirowa. Ndizvo zvinongoitikawo netsaona?

The kukura rokutanga

Zvino hapana munhu achakwanisa kupindura mubvunzo kuti akaumba hwaro vakashinga conjectures Grigoriya Adamova. Zvisinei, kutonga kubva zvishoma data available, zvikonzero pavo huchiripo. The injiniya wokutanga, uyo zvichipomerwa akasika vanodhirowa pamusoro pevhu ezvinhu, aiva Petr Rasskazov. injiniya ichi muna 1918, akaurayiwa nevamiririri chiGerman akachenjera, uyo akaba kwaari zvose zvinyorwa. America vanodavira kuti kukura yakatanga , Thomas Edison. Zvisinei, zvakawanda yekudyidzana kuti vakaita pakuguma iri 20-30-ies remakore rechi20, mainjiniya kubva USSR A. Treble, A. uye A. Baskin Kirilov. Ivo vakava vokutanga pevhu nemamiriro chikepe.

Zvisinei, rakanga raitirwa kuvinga utilitarian zvinangwa, chokuita oiri, kuitira kuti kugarwa izvi uye kusangana zvinodiwa mugovanisi wehurumende. Sezvikonzero, vane norwaivhi ichi kana kwokutanga kuitika munzvimbo iyi Russian kana dzimwe mainjiniya - rakaoma kutaura. Zvisinei, zvinozivikanwa kuti Ural mumigodhi iri pasi Mount Nyasha, akaita muedzo "rinopisa" mugwa. Chokwadi, mharidzo yakanga ruzivo kopi nani diki, pane imwe dzakazara pakombiyuta muchina. Kunenge kuti zvairatidzika akazotevera vakohwi kubudikidza marasha mugodhi. Kuvapo urema, akavimbika injini, ari kunonoka mwero kupinda raiva zvakasikwa nokuda womuenzaniso wokutanga. Kwakasarudzwa kupururudza podzemohodu kwayo.

Anotya purojekiti Tinoenderera mberi

Kwapera nguva, nenguva vakawanda kutya. vanachiremba vakawanda vakapfurwa, uyo vaiitawo basa iri. Asi pamusoro avaida hondo pakarepo vakarangarira "Steel nhuta". Vamiririri zvakare kufarira subterrene. The Kremlin akanzi P. I. Strahov, aitungamirira nyanzvi mumunda uyu. Panguva iyoyo akanga aiita curator panguva pakuvaka kuchiteshi muMoscow. A musayendisiti nemumwe D. F. Ustinovym, uyo akananga ari Commissariat zvombo, akasimbisa maonero kurwa kushandiswa podzemohoda. Akanga basa kukudziridza asara vanodhirowa akavandudzika experimental womuenzaniso.

The hondo akambomiswa basa

Urgent vanhu kunoreva zvakafanira midziyo kunge dzinounzwa. Russian subterrene aifanira kuva wakagadzirira pfupi nguva zvinobvira. Zvisinei, the Great Patriotic War, sezviri pachena kuvhiringidzwa basa. Naizvozvo, hurumende basa sechinhu experimental womuenzaniso haina vakagamuchirwa. Iye akachengetera zvichaitirwa mamwe mabasa akawanda - mharidzo yakanga sawn pamusoro simbi. Country panguva ino nokuda kwokudzivirira zvinodiwa kupfuura ndege, motokari dzehondo uye Ngarava dzepasi pemvura. Uye kutya haana kudzoka zvakawanda kuti chikepe pachivande. Akatumwa kuvaka bunkers.

Ngarava dzepasi pemvura German

zvakagadzirwa kwakadaro, Chokwadi, uyewo kuita Germany. superweapon Chero kuti aizokwanisa kuuya Third Reich kwaizoita nyika, zvakanga zvakakodzera kuti utungamiri. In Nazi Germany, maererano mashoko akapiwa pashure kuguma hondo, zvakanga kukura pachivande motokari zvechiuto. The zita bumbiro wokutanga vavo - Subterrine (chirongwa Trebeletskogo R. uye H. of Verna). Zviya, vamwe vaongorori vanodavira kuti R. Trebeletsky - ndiye A. Treble, makanika akanga atiza kubva Soviet Union. The kukura wechipiri - Midgardschlange, ndiko "Midgard yeNyoka". It Ritter chirongwa.

Pashure okuguma Great Patriotic War of vakuru veSoviet vakawana pedyo Königsberg asingazivikanwi mavambo maberere, pedyo vari zvakasara raputika mamiriro. Zvave kuti ichi ndicho zvasara "Nyoka pamusoro Midgard".

No zvishoma kunoshamisa waiva chirongwa "Sea Shumba" (rimwe zita rayo - Subterrine). Kunyange muna 1933, Horner of Werner, mumwe injiniya German, akapa bvumidzwa nokuti. Maererano nepurani, chikwata ichi inogona kusvika nokukurumidza 7 m / h. On bhodhi chingava 5 vanhu, uye warhead uremu kusvika 300 makirogiramu. midziyo iyi, uyezve, vakakwanisa kuenda kwete chete pevhu, asi pasi mvura. Izvi yepasi pemvura pevhu akanga pakarepo Classified. Chirongwa yaiva kwayo yamabhuku zvechiuto.

Nezvake, zvichida hapana angadai akarangarira kana ndisina atanga hondo. Aitarisira vemauto zvirongwa Graf of Stauffenberg akauvhomora kubva arşive. Iye zvinganaka kushandisa Hitler nokuda nechisimba kuBritish Isles yepasi pemvura. Iye aifanira chinyararire kuyambuka Chirungu Channel uye uende muchivande pazasi pasi kusvikira achida nzvimbo.

Zvisinei, urongwa izvi havana anofanira kuzadziswa. Hermann anotungwa akanga nechokwadi Hitler kuti England kuti kumanikidza Kuregwa zvikuru isingadhuri uye dzichimhanya kupfuura zvavo kubhomba. Naizvozvo, kuvhiyiwa haana kuitwa, kunyange zvazvo Goering uye akanga asingakwanisi azadzise chipikirwa chake.

The kudzidza chirongwa "Sea Lion"

Mushure kukunda Germany muna 1945 pamusoro nharaunda nyika iyi yakatanga imwe dzisina kukakavadzana. Vaimbove vatsigiri vakatanga vie nemumwe ive zvakavanzika zvechiuto muGermany. Pakati vamwe German kukura chirongwa chikepe pevhu inonzi "Gungwa Shumba" akanga ari mumaoko Abakumov, General SMERSH. The boka, akatungamirirwa Professor GI Pokrovskii uye G. I. Babata, mubasa kudzidza yaibvira mudziyo uyu. Somugumisiro, tsvakurudzo kwave zvavakatemerwa zvichitevera mutongo - podzemohod Russian kungashandiswa zvinangwa zvechiuto.

Development M. Tsiferova

Yayo pevhu chombo panguva imwe (muna 1948) akasika injiniya M. Cífer. Iye kunyange atara Copyright rwokuramba USSR kukudziridza pachivande torpedoes. chikwata ichi anokwanisa kufamba vakazvimiririra vari mukati dzenyika, apo dzichiri kumhanya 1 m / p!

Kuvaka fekitari pakavanda

MuSoviet Union, Zvichakadai, akauya simba, Khrushchev. Paidiwa mu yatanga Hondo Yemashoko trumps, zvechiuto uye enyika. Mainjiniya uye masayendisiti, uyo akaiswa dambudziko iri, isu zvinganaka mhinduro kuti anenge vakaswedera kuvandudza kusimudzira chirongwa rakasikwa munhu chikepe pevhu. Yaifanira kuita vane injini zvenyukireya, mhando rokutanga Ngarava dzepasi pemvura vaiva reactor yenyukireya. mumwe chirimwa muchivande raifanira yakavakwa pfupi zvichibvira nguva yokuti mutyairi kugadzirwa. Maererano Khrushchev kuti mirairo pakutanga 1962 mumusha Hromovka (Ukraine) akatanga kuvaka kwayo. Nokukurumidza Khrushchev vakazivisa pachena kuti marudzi vanofanira kuwana kwete chete kubva muchadenga asiwo kubva pasi.

Development of "Hondo nhuta"

Pashure 2 makore fekitari yakabereka Soviet igwa pevhu yokutanga. Aiva reactor yenyukireya. yepasi pemvura Underground yenyukireya ainzi "Battle nhuta". Magadzirirwo aiva titanium nyaya. Zvokudya uye mhino Zvakataurwa. Subterrene "Battle nhuta" iri dhayamita kusvika 3.8 m, uye kureba kwakanga 35 mamita. Vanhu vashanu aiva rakarira. Uyezve, subterrene "Battle nhuta" akakwanisa kutora mungarava iri tani kuti zvinoputika, uyewo mamwe paratroopers 15. Nuclear reactor "Combat nhuta" akabvumira chikepe ukurumidze kusvika 7 m / h.

Sei renyukireya subterrene "Battle nhuta" yakanyorerwa?

Combat basa, izvo akaiswa pamberi paro, - kuparadzwa chombo silos uye pevhu murayiro BUNKER muvengi. The General Staff akanga aronga kununura "subteriny" dzakadaro US, vachishandisa mabhomba Ngarava dzepasi pemvura akanyorerwa kuti chinangwa ichi. In California, pakange yakafanira kune kakawanda kwenyika dzakakwirira zvizivikanwe nemichina basa rave akasarudzwa ave kuenda. Aigona tivhare kufamba Russian podzemohoda. Pachivande Boat USSR, uyezve, aigona kuva warhead yenyukireya uye vasanyanya nayo ari kure, kukonzera izvi nenzira rakagadzirwa nevanhu kwepasi. Migumisiro ayo anogona kunzi kune chakaipa njodzi. It aizokwanisa kuchera simba vokuAmerica mune zvemari uye zvinhu mazwi.

Miedzo chikepe itsva pachivande

Muna 1964, yokutanga kwematsutso, vakaedzwa "Hondo norwaivhi." Migumisiro yakanaka akaratidza podzemohod. Akakwanisa kukunda heterogeneous ivhu uye kuparadza zviri pevhu murayiro BUNKER, raiva muvengi ndokunge. kakawanda kumumvuri akaratidzwa nhengo hurumende makomisheni muna Rostov mudunhu, munyika Urals uye Suburban Nakhabino. Ipapo vakatanga risingazivikanwi zviitiko. Panguva dzose yokuedzwa aizi zvichipomerwa raputika muMakomo Ural. Akafa heroically apo vaunoshanda iri inotungamirwa Colonel Semyon Budnikov (pamwe ndiro zita rake chairo). Chikonzero ichi - inonzi kamwe kukundikana, izvo kwakaguma "nhuta" vakadzvinyirirwa matombo. Maererano nedzimwe shanduro, paiva zvisingakuvadzi vanorumwe njere masangano kana kunyange kupinda mudziyo iri anomalous mapazi.

Kumbofungatira zvirongwa

Mushure Khrushchev akabviswa zveutungamiri, vave rakaderedzwawo mapurogiramu akawanda, kusanganisira basa iri. Subterrene simba havachinei nenyaya zvakare. upfumi The Soviet Union yakanga cracking walnut panguva vazvo. Saka, basa iri, uyewo zvimwe zvakawanda, zvakadai muzhizha muna 60-70-ies Soviet aerodynamic pasi pamusoro kweGungwa reCaspian, yakasiyiwa. The Soviet Union muna Pfungwa hondo aigona kukwikwidzana pamwe US, asi akarasikirwa zvikuru pakati maoko rudzi. Taifanira tichengetedze zvose. Runonzwika nevanhuwo zvavo uye ainzwisisa Brezhnev. Kuvapo ehurumende yakanga mungozi, saka takanga chakavanzika kwenguva refu uye kwete akakungurusa sulivshie nokukurumidza ukuru advance chisinganyari mazano.

Kana kuramba oparesheni?

Muna 1976, muchina wokudhinda leaked mashoko pamusoro rengarava pevhu renyukireya Soviet Union. Izvi zvakaitwa kuitira kuti muchiuto uye enyika tisare. VokuAmerica achawira nokuti uye vakatanga kuvaka vakadaro mano. Zvakaoma kutaura kana ikozvino ichiitwa kuMadokero uye US kugadzira michina yakadaro. Ko munhu vanoda nhasi subterrene? Photos kukurukurwa pamusoro, uyewo nhoroondo chokwadi - nharo kuti haisi zvokungofungidzira, asi chinhu chaicho chaicho. Zvakadini Tinoziva pamusoro nyika nhasi? Zvimwe zvino kurima muvhu kumwe chikepe pevhu. Chakavanzika Kugadzirwa Russia, nokuda kwaizvozvo, uye dzimwe nyika, hapana munhu achakurwisa kuti tizivise.