Nzara Prerequisites: yokuchinja kukuru pfungwa

Mukupera 20-ies remakore rechimakumi maviri zvakava pachena kuti NEP (itsva maindasitiri mutemo) havazokwanisi kupa kutsanya uye inobudirira yezwi muindasitiri upfumi kubva agrarian, uye dzinopa springboard kuti National enhare zvichibvira hondo.

Naizvozvo Union, iyo Bolshevik Party inotungamirirwa Stalin akatanga hurumende itsva zvoupfumi. Panguva kuvapo mutemo uyu ainzi "budiriro huru".

rudzi misimboti

The guru dambudziko 1929 kwaibva mukuru kwemaindasitiri kugadzirwa, uye kuti collectivization hwokurima. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kwose kwose liquidated private mumapurazi uye cooperatives diki, uye muna kudzokera vakanga vakamisa mumapurazi - mumapurazi. zviwanikwa zvose zviri dzichiitika, maererano Bolsheviks, mumaoko rwekuita mukirasi, asi chaizvoizvo - hurumende.

Akaita vakawanda udzvanyiriri pamusoro vamwe munzanga mapoka (kakawanda pamusoro murimi mudiki bourgeoisie - "kulaks"). Mhosva varimi ipapo kushandiswa sechinhu chisingakoshi basa vakawanda pamwero mukuru rokuvaka.

"Break Great" dzinoreva kuti nyika yakanga ichida yose maindasitiri nevapanduki, uye nokuda kwaizvozvi hurumende waida yakawanda zvinhu - zvose mbishi zvinhu uye vashandi. Kuti aite izvi, tave zvinobatanidzwa Donetsk, Krivoy Rog nevamwe madziva akawanda manganese, marasha, bauxite deposits.

chaiyo mamiriro

Kusiyana tarisiro zvose, chaiko mamiriro akanga kure nokuva sezvo zvakanaka munyika. Apo Stalin yakatanga kuti "mukuru chakachinja", haana kuziva kuti varimi havasi nyore kupa pfuma yavo hurumende. Chisimba tsanga procurements vakanga achiperekedzwa kwakapararira Kusagutsikana, uye sezvo zvakaguma - kusungwa uye kushungurudzika kumapurazi. Izvi pakupedzisira zvakatungamirira kupararira nemhirizhonga. Vanhuwo zvavo, kwete kuda kupa mombe yavo, mhuka nemaune akauraya uye kuderedzwa plantings.

Izvi Kupanduka State akapindura kwazvo, kutumira anokosha mauto nemisha. With vatsigire hondo vanhu nechisimba anovharirwa mudanga kuitira mumapurazi uye vakatora kubva kwavari vose pfuma. Misa vakavhara Mumachechi pachavo zvaishandiswa imba zvinodiwa, uye vapristi vakasungwa nokuti "budiriro huru" kwakarevawo kutanga vakawanda chitendero.

migumisiro

Kuedza kudzvinyirira nemhirizhonga vaingoita kwakatungamirira zvikuru kusembura zvinhu munyika. 346 zvesimba vakanyorwa muna January 1930, muna February - 736, uye mumavhiki maviri March rokutanga - 595. Uye ichi ndicho chete pamusoro munharaunda Russia ano! In Ukraine, vanopfuura chiuru kumukira nemisha akaputirwa. Kufara vakava vakawandisa, saka hurumende aifanira kunyevenutsa "guru chakachinja", apo kuisa mhosva nokuda kuitika pamusoro vatungamiriri vemunzvimbo. Zvisinei, kumukirawo kwekanguva chete akamisa nokufamba kubvuta masimba, uye pashure penguva yakati kuti "dambudziko" cha1929, vatangazve zvakare. nguva ino zvakanga nyore kushandisa, sezvo musangano pamusoro mhirizhonga uye chinonyanya vanoshingaira Vatori vakanga kuSiberia. Pamwe navo vakanga vaidzvinyirirwa uye anenge ose "kulaks" uye nemhuri dzavo.