Nzizi Major uye madhamu muBrazil: mazita mapikicha

Brazil inoona nezvenjodzi iri subtropical uye dzinopisa mumamirire ekunze. Izvi inotsanangura zvakawanda mvura mundima yacho. Tichakurukura anokuisai kupfuura makuru nzizi uye madhamu muBrazil. List (mu earufabheti) dzatinoita pazasi.

nzizi:

• Amazon.
• Parana.
• San Francisco.

Lake:

• The lagoon Mirim.
• Patos.
• Underground mudhamu.

Brazil rwizi

nzizi Major uye madhamu vanoonekwa ne zvinoorora wokuBrazil mvura mavhoriyamu, chinokosha papi.

Ngatitange pamwe tsananguro tine guru nzizi nyika - nyika Amazon. Vatsvakurudzi uyo aimbotaurawo rwendo kwa1995, vakawana kuti rwizi (pamwe rechibharo ayo Apurimac uye Ucayali) - wakarebesa munyika. Kureba - 7,000? Km.

udzamu Its pamuromo ndiyo mamita 100. Kunze, nechokumusoro kwerwizi zvichiri runako zvikukutu (20 m). Izvi zvinobvumira huru yomugungwa midziyo nechikepe kuburikidza nayo chengarava Iquitos (Peru). muromo upamhi - vanenge 200 km. Ndinofanira kutaura kuti rwizi runoyerera mugungwa haisi imwe rukova, uye yakakamurwa vakawanda zvitsuwa pamusoro dzisimbe.

Amazon akadana mvura chena. Izvi imhaka yokuti dzine yakawanda sludge. The Manuas guta kuona nezvechimwe chinhu chinonakidza. Pano murwizi simba runoyerera kupinda inflow - Rio Negro. On chikamu ichi kudzika ake uye bhuku mvura kupa kunzwa kuti ane dema ruvara. Ndakabatana ichivhiringidza kuyerera muna Amazon, makiromita anoverengeka mvura hazvipindiri uye ichayerera akaererana michena dzisimbe.

Anenge zvose nzizi huru uye madhamu muBrazil vane inonakidza kasvisto uye miti nemhuka zvakazonaka. Pamahombekombe ari Amazon akabata zvikuru zvipenyu zvose zviripo. Mukuwedzera, rwizi ndiye "kumapapu" enyika, nekuti masango ayo zvinobudisa mari zvikuru okisijeni.

Nzizi huru uye madhamu muBrazil - Parana, Paranaiba, Rio Grande

Chechipiri pakukura rwizi munyika - Parana. It rinobva kumaodzanyemba wokuBrazil Highlands. kureba - 4880? km.

Paranaiba

Izvi zvakanaka rechibharo yaro, zvaibva pamakomo mamiriro Gerais. Its kureba 1000? Km. It ane kumbonyanya dzakawanda dzavakuru.

Rio Grande

Kusiyiwa rechibharo erwizi. Panobva zviri chete mamiriro, asi muna Mantiqueira gomo siyana. Length - 1090? Km. Okumusoro kunosvika yomurwizi yakawanda pazvikumbaridzo siyana. Ichi Pamusana ndima yayo kuburikidza nemabota rwenze. Uyezve, pane nemapopoma. Remasangano kwavari - Iguazu riri pamusoro mutero zvakafanana zita. Zviri kufarira wemapoka vashanyi vakawanda vanouya kuna Brazil.

Parana ane diki nemhenderekedzo, haina kuwa mugungwa. Pedyo norwizi marshy uye pasi. Chete kumaodzanyemba chiri nzvimbo rakashama kuti anonzi "Campos".

Heano chikuru mutero yorwizi.

Rwizi navigable. Pairi akayangarara muchikepe vashanyi vaiuya nzvimbo idzi pamusoro rwavakaita. Vakatakurwa uye zvinhu pamusoro haina zvifambiswe. Nokuti kuti rwizi haisi kwazvo, midziyo huru havasi varumbidzwa kufamba pairi.

In Parana mupata vari sandara rwenze. Serra Uru ui - remasangano pavo. Hekuno National Park kweBrazil. Ndiro muganhu wezasi-kumavirira ehurumende.

San Francisco

Makungwa Large uye nzizi Brazil, inoita pakarongwa San Francisco, akasiyana dzakakwirira mvura. Kureba - 2.900? Km. Chinenge panguva yakakwirira rwenze wokuBrazil. Kuenda kwaari, iye akapfuura vakawanda nezvikumbaridzo.

Pakati kunosvika kworwizi akadzikama chaizvo, t. To. Ndakatengesa kunonyanya kuburikidza navanopinda mupata. Mushure guta Cabrobó Sao Francisco anotakura mvura yaro kuna Atlantic Ocean kuburikidza mugomo neeSultan. Nepano kupindana mapopoma runako kunoshamisa - Paulo Afonso, ane kureba iri 81 m.

San Francisco iri rinonyanya dzisinganayi kwenyika, saka kwayo mvura pamwero kunobva mwaka. Rwizi navigable, asi kwete yose kosi.

nzizi Large (uye madhamu) kweBrazil, kutaura zvazviri, ayo nechokumabvazuva, inozivikanwa nokuda variability muoti. Ava vanosanganisira Parnayba uye Tocantins. Mumwaka, vamwe yenzizi kwakadziva kumabvazuva.

Zvino isu tiende rwezasi nyika. Pano rwizi zvishoma, asi ivo zvisingapindirani kweutongi zvechigarire, nokuda vade kunyange kuparadzirwa kunonaya rose gore. Izvi zvakakosha kuti hydro simba miti iri pano. Kudeuka rwizi munharaunda - Zhakuy.

nyanza

Sezvinogona kuoneka kubva apa, munyika iyi zviri nzizi huru chaizvo. Uye gungwa muBrazil akasiyana wandei kukura uye kwazvo nzvimbo dzokuona. The nyika haisi akafuma kwazvo nomumwe madhamu. Kuwedzera, ivo dziri murwizi nembiya.

Vazhinji madhamu muBrazil iri nemhenderekedzo kuAtlantic. Remasangano kwavari - the lagoon Mirim. Ndicho guru Latin America. Zviri mudhamu iri kumaodzanyemba.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti makuru nzizi uye madziva muBrazil, mapikicha paunogona kuona munyaya ino, zvinoshamisa wakajeka. Muenzaniso uyu wakanaka nyanza the lagoon. It Anopatsanura sandstone akasonerapo chirukwa pamwe anezvimiti. It chinobatanidza mumwe mudziva - Patos. Heino akapfuma mhuka.

More ichangopfuura the lagoon Mirim haana dzakakurumbira chaizvo kuvashanyi, kunyange nhasi iri kazhinji mune purogiramu karwendo. A rinokosha vaitire vari pano iyi hove.

nyanza Patos

Havasi vose nzizi makuru uye madhamu deepwater wokuBrazil. Somuenzaniso, Lake Patos. Hazvina chokuita munyanza. nharaunda yayo - 10 000 mativi makiromita. Inyika guru kudzika mudhamu. At kureba kwakanga rwakatambanudzwa nokuda 240 km nohupamhi - 48? Km.

Kubva muAtlantic Ocean riri akaparadzaniswa nevanhu jecha bhaa kureba 8 makiromita. Lake nharaunda haagoni kunzi yakanyarara. Kuchamhembe-kumadokero ndiro guta Porto Alegre, inova guta guru kumaodzanyemba kwenyika yeBrazil.

Nhasi, guta rino - rechimanjemanje pachiteshi, rezvematongerwo enyika, tsika uye zvoupfumi chikuru pakati nharaunda. VokuEurope vokutanga vakauya pano pakutanga XVI remakore. Ivo amufungira kuti Patos ndiye estuary of Rio Grande zvisizvo iyi iripo kuti emakore.

Lake akadana Dutchman Frederik De zvaiti (1670), paaisika mepu iri kondinendi munharaunda. Kunyatsoenderana nzvimbo kwegungwa vaizivikanwa muna 1698. Makore mashomanana gare gare pakanga vatama kubva kuna Azores. Izvi vakatumidza nzvimbo Big St. kwaPetro River.

Pano rayakavambwa guta, iro rakava renyika mune ramangwana. Mumazuva iwayo kwaiva nyika unspoiled hunhu. The nzvimbo yakapoteredza mudziva wakakomberedzwa masango huru, pamwe zhinji mhuka.

The peculiarity kwegungwa iri chokwadi kuti inongogara kwazvo muchikwidza nokuderedza inzwi mvura mumatunhu. Fani iyi kukonzerwa katabatic rwizi mvura. Munzvimbo idzi, pachiyero nzizi zvikurukuru novimba uwandu kunayisa.

Munharaunda Patos mined marasha, yaiitisa ivhu kudiridza. Uyewo, izvi zvakaita kuti kukurwa kwevhu, yakanga inokanganisa nharaunda yakapoteredza chitsuwa.

pevhu nyanza

Zvakaoma kutsanangura makuru nzizi uye madhamu kweBrazil zvishoma. Vose anonakidza zvikuru. Somuenzaniso, yakasiyana dzinongoitika chinhu - Gruta kuita Lago waAzuri. The zita rinogona kushandurudzwa se "yebhuruu gungwa".

Vakaziva mukutanga 20-ies wekupedzisira remakore pedyo maIndia. Anodonha 100 metres kusvika pasi mubako, vakawana nyanza, iyo rinosvika kudzika 90 m.

Nhasi, masayendisiti anodavira kuti ichi ndicho chimwe chezvinhu zvikuru zvikazara in pevhu. Lake achiitei chikamu chikuru webako. The mvura yakachena uye rakajeka yebhuruu Hue. Zviri rakanakira Diving - zvinoshamisa mvura yakajeka runoita kuchengeta upenyu pasi pemvura umambo.

No zvishoma kunakidza ndivo madhamu dziri Lensoyns Maranensens (National Park). Izvi hazvisi munhuwo gwenga. In yokunaya mvura ikaonekwa pano, iyo inowanikwa zhinji Freshwater madhamu. Hapana anoziva kwadziri pakarepo yakawanda hove, magakanje uye zvimwe noupenyu zvomumvura. Pane shanduro kutakura mazai kubva shiri pamahombekombe egungwa.

Mwaka kuchinaya rinovapo mwedzi mina (March-June). Panguva iyi, runochengeta maIndia kuuya pano uye kufara kuita hove. Pashure kumira wekunaya madziva uchaomesa, uye maIndia vakaenda kunoshanda mumusha waiva pedyo.