Pediatrics - chii ichi? Basa - chiremba vana

The kusarudza basa - danho rinokosha chaizvo. Kubva zvinoenderana sei kuva muupenyu. Pane chaizvo vazhinji ounyanzvi hwokugadzira. Mumwe wavo - iri wevana. basa Izvi zvinofadza uye kudiwa pabasa pamusika, asi usati kuzvigamuchira, unofanira kufunga, kana anokwanisa, uye akashamiswa kana paiva dzakananga unhu kuti zvinodiwa mune zvimwe basa.

Pediatrics sezvo vanachiremba chikamu

Muna 1847 zvakanzi yakabudiswa zvipfuwo hutungamiri "Pediyatrika". munyori wayo aiva chiremba SF Hotovitsky. Izvi nyanzvi neutungamiriri hwake akaratidza nzvimbo pakati chiremba kurapwa unyanzvi. Akataura zvinangwa zvayo uye zvinangwa. Saka, SF Hotovitsky akava muvambi Pediatrics Russian. Saka, chii chinorehwa iri? Chii ndiwo akati bazi zvokurapa? Pediatrics - sayenzi kwezvirwere mwana muviri, kurapwa kwavo uye kudzivirira. Its chikuru basa Vatsigiri ndichengetedze utano hwomwana kana kudzoka panguva dzose mamiriro chirwere.

Pediatricians conventionally rakakamurwa mapazi akawanda (mirayiridzo):

• Okudzivirira Pediatrics. Under rinoreva kwegadziriro zviyero zvainanga kutadzisa panowanikwa zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana.
• Clinical Pediatrics. mirayiridzo iyi zvinosanganisira chirwere zvirwere, kurapwa uye kunaya sick vana nhangaruvazhe.
• Academic Pediatrics. Izvi zviri kuitika, musimboti iyo iri Pfungwa pamusoro paradigms. Vari mberi anotungamirirwa vanachiremba ravo basa rinobatsira.
• Social Pediatrics. The zvebasa Bazi ichi sayenzi - kudzidza utano vana, kusimudzira magariro muzvidzivirire uye nokutarisira hwevanhu vana.
• Environmental Pediatrics. Bazi iri sayenzi kudzidza migumisiro siyana zvezvakatipoteredza zvikonzero pamusoro utano chevana.

Nhoroondo Russian Pediatrics

Pediatrics mu Russia akamira kunze ari oga vanachiremba chirango ari XIX remakore. Panguva ino yakatanga kubudiswa shanduro yokutanga yebhuku uye kubudisa vanyori zvomunharaunda (somuenzaniso, "Guide kuti ruzivo uye achiporesa infantile zvirwere" N. Rosen of Rosenstein, "The shoko anodiwa zvishandiso kusimbisa simba mucheche kuti ruminant edu nyika vanhu" AI . Danilevsky).

Panyaya yokurapa vana zvinokosha kuziva kuti kusvikira XIX remakore, zvose urongwa anodiwa vakaitwa kumba. Vananyamukuta varapi akapa zvayo zano. mubhedha vana vokutanga, sezvinoratidzwa nenhoroondo Pediatrics, zvakatangwa mune mishonga kiriniki Ivan Petrovich Frank, akazaruka muna 1806. Kwapera makore mashomanana nzvimbo idzi chapedzwa. chipatara vana vokutanga wakavhurwa chete muna 1834 kuSt Petersburg.

Pari hukuru nhamba masangano uchishanda Russia, ichipa zvoutano wevarwere vaduku vavo vanamai:

• Vana (matunhu neminisiparati, dzematunhu dzakapoteredza, National, dunhu) uye specialized (chorurindi, chirwere, vairwara) chipatara;
• Kumakiriniki (mumadhorobha, mazino) uye siyana nzvimbo (chirwere, vapore);
• pokugadzwa mwana akadini uye maternity (nherera, perinatal centre, romukaka zvokudya, mumhanyi).

Chinoshamisawo Research Clinical Institute of Pediatrics ainzi pashure Academician Yuriya Evgenevicha Veltischeva. Ndicho mukuru pakutsvakurudza Institution chiremba Russia. It inoshandiswa siyana remapazi vana. All mishonga vana zvivabatsire riri mahara. Zvinonzi nemari kubva batana bhajeti. Uyewo kucherechedza kuti Institute of Pediatrics ane yezvokurapa rubatsiro kwete chete asiwo zano.

Zvinangwa uye nyaya chikuru Pediatrics

Mumwe mabasa nebazi iri mishonga - Diagnostics uye kurapwa zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana. Doctors wanikidza Zvirwere vana vane zviratidzo, migumisiro nemiedzo nemazamanishoni. Pashure chirwere nyanzvi varayire akakodzera kurapwa. Muchiitiko chino, vanachiremba edzai shoma kuti pharmacotherapy, sezvo tinofanira kugara mugumisiro kugamuchira yakawanda zvinodhaka kakawanda zviri nezvimwewo.

Pfungwa Pediatrics ane imwe basa - ndiwo vapore vana. Mushure zvirwere vaduku muviri anoda kudzorera. Maererano nevana izvi mushure kupora kungadiwa:

• zvinyoronyoro mabatiro zuva (dzisashande mitambo, nemamwe mutoro);
• Kukuchidzira kurapa (mishonga mushonga, kushandiswa vhitamini kugadzirira);
• dzisashande majekiseni;
• mumwe kugara pachipatara pacho.

Zvinangwa anorondedzera Pediatrics uye kudzivirira zvirwere. Zvingava chikuru, yechipiri uye tertiary. Under chikuru kudzivirira zvinoreva kudzivirira zvirwere yakafanira majekiseni aseptic matanho. Secondary dziviriro inobva vasabatwa yepakutangatanga zviratidzo chirwere. Nemhaka mangwanani chirwere kunogona nezviratidzo zvakakomba. Tertiary dziviriro - kunzwisisa zviyero zvainanga mukudzivirira kuchiita chirwere, izvo zvingaita kuti vakaremara.

Pachishandiswa pamusoro matambudziko, zvinokwanisika kuziva huru misoro kuti chiremba dzepamusha mushonga:

• kwomuviri uye utano vana;
• zvinokonzera zvirwere uye kukuvara, zviratidzo zvavo;
• kurapwa uye kudzivirira zvirwere;
• rubatsiro rwekutanga mukukuvara siyana uye tsaona, uye vamwe.

"Wevana" basa

Doctor - munhu mubasa chirwere, kurapwa uye kudzivirira zvirwere zvakasiyana siyana uye kukuvara muvanhu. basa iri nderimwe mukuru uye vanoremekedzwa zvikuru munzanga. Rinosanganisira zvakasiyana siyana unyanzvi. Mumwe wavo - iri wevana.

The chikuru basa the ainzi nyanzvi - kurapa varwere vaduku. Wevana hazvirevi kushandisa template. Ndiye rinokosha yokusvika mwana mumwe kuburikidza kukurukura anowana chichemo kuti kushandisa akakodzera chirwere nzira, ongorora migumisiro vakawana, anovandudza kunonyanyisa nomumwe kurapwa zvaiitwa. Mabasa wevana haringorevi kushanda nevana vanorwara. Nyanzvi yave recordkeeping.

Basa "mwana wevana" iri kudiwa pabasa pamusika. Asava mutendi mutsva unyanzvi asi nokukurumidza kuwana kushanda. Mubayiro kuvimba nenzvimbo basa uye professionalism. Zviri pasi pakati vaduku vanachiremba kushanda pachena utano masangano. Decent mubayiro ruzivo vanachiremba zvokutengeserana zvipatara.

Ndiani anogona kuva chiremba?

Batanidzwa mabatiro vana vanogona chete kuva vane zvokurapa dhigirii. Inogona kuwanika nenzira chaiyo University (Kudya). Dzidzo iri zvakaoma, nekuti mushonga ano - ndiko kunzwisisa nharaunda zivo. Kudzidza kuchikoro rwokurapa kunotora 6 yemakore mubasa renguva yakazara. Matsamba zvisingaiti kuti vawane dzidzo.

Vanhu vane anonakidza basa "wevana" uye vanoda vasunge upenyu hwavo neramangwana mushonga havafaniri chete kuva dhipuroma yepamusorosoro yokurapa, asi unhu hwakadai:

• nerudo;
• tsitsi;
• nekuonekwa;
• basa;
• vanotaurirana.

Kuwana basa wevana

In Russia unoshanda dzokurapwa zvikoro wandei. Imwe zvakanakisisa masangano rokudzidzisa ndiro SPbGPMU. Achiongorora zvaive ichi rutapudzo - Saint Petersburg State chiremba Medical University. chikoro ichi kwave kushanda kubva 1925. Vanhu vanoda kuva mune ramangwana wevana kuita pano panguva rorusununguko "Pediatrics." Reviews zvakanaka izvozvo. Vadzidzi vakaratidza maonero akanaka pamusoro unhu dzidzo, vadzidzisi. In SPbGPMU pane dzimwe madhipatimendi:

• Dhigirii uye mamwe basa dzidzo;
• zvekuchipatara kwepfungwa;
• mazino;
• "Medicine".

Nezvemabasa vadzidzi hope kuti zvokurapa, zvakare hwakafanira First Moscow State Medical University ainzi pashure Ivana Mihaylovicha Sechenova. Ndicho chikuru uye mukuru sangano dzidzo munyika mune zvokurapa, yakavambwa muna 1755. mamiriro ayo ine 10 mano. Mumwe wavo - Pediatrics. On fakaroti ichi 8 madhipatimendi:

• Pediatrics uye chiremba Rheumatology;
• Clinical Immunology uye Allergology;
• chiremba Kuvhiya;
• Kugeza vana uye kuyaruka;
• Pediatrics uye chiremba zvirwere ;
• Diabetology uye momuviri;
• neonatology;
• propaedeutics zvirwere vana.

Mumwe muenzaniso - Altai State Medical University. The yunivhesiti rakaumbwa muna 1954. In ayo mamiriro pane zvinotevera madhipatimendi: zvokurapa, mazino, mishonga, zvokurapa uye yokudzivisa, Advanced Medical, Higher Nursing Education. Chiremba - munhu basa, idzo dzinogona kuwanikwa pano. Chiremba fakaroti ikoko kubva 1966. Nokuti nguva basa rake vazhinji kwazvo vanonyatsokwanisa vanachiremba akasunungurwa.

Kubvuma kuti chiremba fakaroti

Kunyoresa muchikoro dzokurapa pane weDhipatimendi Pediatrics, vadzidzi rasai bvunzo iri kemisitiri, biology uye mutauro wokuRussia. The vakawana hwakawanda hwakanyorwa sangano. Pasina migumisiro bvunzo entrants tora mukova kuongorora zviri masvingo kuyunivhesiti. chimiro chavo kwakasiyana: zvichida nomuromo kana kunyora (muchimiro nemiedzo, mhinduro dzemibvunzo, etc ...). Information maringe kuongororwa, zvakakodzera tsanangurai pachine imwe kusarudzwa komiti yunivhesiti akasarudzwa.

Kubvuma kuti zvinobudirira kupfuura pamukova bvunzo iri kemisitiri, zvipenyu, uye mutauro Russian, kunyatsodzidza zvezvaidzidziswa zvakanaka zvakakwana. unogona kusaina nokuda ekudzidzisa kana achida. Zvinodzidzisa ose zvokurapa yunivhesiti, chikoro, sangano. Mapoka ungayeuka kare vakadzidza zvinhu, vanobvunza mibvunzo.

Chiremba - munhu basa kuti kuchikoro chesekondari, unogona kuwana zvose akaripa uye vakasununguka. Kuti tisvike bhajeti nzvimbo, unofanira kuenda kuburikidza makwikwi vakasarudzwa. Pane kudaro chinhu se "vanopfuura chiratidzo". Ndiyo shoma nhamba pfungwa, izvo zvakakwana zvakaitika bhajeti. The kusarudzwa komiti yagara anodana kuuya regore rakapera nenhamba, sezvo chaiko vanopfuura mwero anozivikanwa chete mushure kubvuma nemiedzo uye paumbwe vadzidzi Rating.

Kudzidza ari chiremba fakaroti

Kugadzirira nyanzvi chinotanga kudzidza chinokosha yesayenzi, zvokurapa uye yokudzivisa zvokurapa uye chaivo zvinhu. Vadzidzi nezvevanakomana nemamiriro muviri womunhu, anatomical uye vasiri pezvakaitwa kuitika mairi. Ipapo Kudzidziswa rinotanga panguva unyanzvi chiremba madhipatimendi. Future pediatricians muchikoro kudzidza chirwere, kurapwa uye kudzivirira zvirwere pauduku, mibvunzo chaidzo uye nemhinduro Pediatrics.

Kudzidza kuchikoro zvokurapa kunosanganisira kuwana ruzivo kwete chete yokungotaura asiwo inoshanda. Tsika vadzidzi kunzi. Kunosanganisira kutarisira vana vanorwara uye vakuru. Zvinotevera tsika dzinonzi kugadzirwa. Zvavakanga zvakaitika, vadzidzi vanoita mabasa yeutano nenyanzvi:

• mutevedzeri vanamukoti (pa 1 gore);
• mutevedzeri wadhi mukoti (2nd gore);
• mukoti Maitiro Assistant (3 kosi);
• mutevedzeri chipatara chiremba (4 kosi);
• Assistant chiremba chevana kiriniki (5 Zvechokwadi).

The mabasa ari chiremba

Vanhu vakadzidziswa kuchikoro zvokurapa, vanofanira kuziva kukosha Pediatrics, uyewo iyo mabasa zvichava kutarisana navo ramangwana. Chiremba anoongorora kwete chete mwana, kuti chirwere uye taurira kurapwa. Chiremba kunosimudzirawo paumbwe vabereki:

• It anokanda mai pamusoro dzinonetsa kukosha achiyamwa;
• chokwadi zvakanakira vakasununguka jira;
• anotsanangura kuti vabereki kukosha chokudzivirira kubaya;
• inoshora "yechando swimming" vana vaduku uye zvichingodaro.

Mazvikokota haafaniri kutyisidzira vabereki diagnoses. In chisingaperi zvirwere vanofanira nguva dzose kuramba netariro moms uye vanotiza pamusoro kushurudzira. Kana chisingarapiki pathological ezvinhu haagoni kuvimbisa kuporesa. Kutaura chokwadi, zvakare, haisi pakarepo zvakakodzera, nokuti hakuna kuzivikanwa kuti vanhu vanoita sei kune anotyisa zvawanikwa. On huripo urwere chingataurwa chete mumwe vabereki.

Pashure kuonana mwana anorwara chiremba anofanira kuratidza tsitsi, tsitsi. Mwana Uchanzwa pfungwa, kutarisirwa uye chivimbo nyanzvi. Fanira chaiko nevateereri. Kutya ari mwana yakafanira kutapudza kubatwa, stroking. Kana nembudzana anonyunyuta kurwadziwa, ipapo unofanira kukumbira kuona nzvimbo chinokurwadza. Zvadaro iva nechokwadi kutaura uye kuti vachiongorora runorwadza uye nyarara munzvimbo. Panguva kuongorora chero zvazvingava asingagoni nyadzi zvishoma murwere, Vachamuseka.

anozivikanwa pediatricians

Vanhu vakawanda vanoziva Evgeniya Olegovicha Komarovskogo. Uyu wevana, chiremba chemhando muchikwata. Iye zvakanyorwa zvakawanda mabhuku uye nyaya zvirwere vana, utano chevana. Komorowski aivawo TV presenter. Muna 2010, rimwe Ukrainian TV chiteshi akatanga yedzimudzangara, rinonzi "School of Dr. Komarovsky." Rinozivisa chiremba iri kuwanikwa vanoiona iri zvirwere zvakawanda vana, uyewo nzira kurapwa kwavo. mutauro Clear rinotema Pediatrics. Nekuti vana unogona kunyange kusanganisira kuchinjwa.

A mupiro huru chitange Pediatrics akasuma Leonid Mihaylovich Roshal. Uyu Soviet uye Russian wevana, chiremba, Doctor Kurapwa Sciences. Mazvikokota akanyora vazhinji monographs. Roshal achiri kuzivikanwa ushingi hwavo. Akaponesa vana, vakaurayiwa nokudengenyeka kwenyika, hondo uye Ngwavaira.

Chimwe anozivikanwa wevana - Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Baranov. Akanyora vanenge 500 mabasa kwesayenzi (monographs, mabhuku uye emirayiridzo). Pari, Alexander Baranov inoshanda MGMU Sechenov. Ndiye musoro weDhipatimendi Pediatrics uye chiremba Rheumatology chiremba weVadzidzisi Vedare.

In mhedziso, zvinokosha kuziva kuti Pediatrics - chinhu chinokosha zvikuru bazi wemishonga. Kana uchida kuva chiremba, unogona kuenda kuchikoro zvokurapa. Dzidza kubva chiremba zvichiratidza, asi zvakaoma. Zvinofanira kurangarirwa kuti chiremba harifaniri chete kuva zvakafanira yokungotaura ruzivo uye zvinoshanda unyanzvi, asi unhu. Anofanira kuwana mufaro mukukurukurirana nevana vavo kupora uye.