Plato Lebedev: Biography, Entrepreneurship

Lebedev Plato Leonidovich, munguva yakapfuura mutengesi anobudirira, uye nhasi uyo aimbova mutongi, nguva nenguva anopinda mumunda wekuona wepepanhau, uyo anofarira maonero ake pamatambudziko akasiyana-siyana. Chii chakaita kuti azive?

Kuva

Lebedev Plato Leonidovich akaberekerwa muMoscow musi waNovember 29, 1956. Nehuduku hwake, hapana chinozivikanwa, Lebedev pachake haafukidze hupenyu hwake hwega. Muna 1976 akapinda kuMoscow Academy ye National Economy . Plekhanov, uyo akapedza kudzidza muna 1981. Pashure peyunivhesiti Lebedev inopinda mukambani yakakura kune imwe nyika yezvemari "Zarubezhgeologiya", iyo yaachashanda nayo kwemakore 8. Kugoverwa kwakadaro mushure mekusimbisa hurumende kunopupurira kukwanisa kwejaya racho kana hukuru hwekubatana, sezvo zvaive zvakaoma zvikuru kuwana chikwata chemuzinga.

Lebedev uye Khodorkovsky

Muma80, Plato Lebedev akasangana naMikhail Khodorkovsky. Uyu musangano wakava pasina kuwedzeredza zvakashata kwaari. Vaiuya pamwechete panguva yekudzidza kwavo, vose vaishanda uye vaida kwazvo kushandisa matare avo. Mikhail naPlato vakasangana munguva iyo vose vari vaviri vakabatanidzwa mubasa reKomsomol.

Kuguma kwema1980 ndiyo nguva iyo mikana yekutanga yekutengeserana yakatanga kuonekwa, uye vechidiki havana kukundikana kushandisa zvishoma. Mukufambisa kwekutengeswa kwezvikamu zvose zvenyika, kusanganisira Komsomol, Khodorkovsky uye Lebedev vari kugadzira Youth Initiatives Fund. Chinangwa chake chaiva chokugamuchira mari kubhadhara kubva kubato rezviitiko zvevechidiki. Panguva iyoyo maitiro ezvoupfumi akazogamuchirwa, sezvo paive nemafambiro ekutsvaga masangano ehurumende kuzvipira mari.

Imwe nguva gare gare chikwata chakachinjwa chikava Centre reScientific and Technical Creativity of Youth. Saka paiva nemuenzaniso, waigara uchidzokororwa munyika yose. Nzvimbo yacho yaiva nemukana wokuita mabasa akasiyana-siyana ekutengeserana, kusanganisira kutenga makombiyuta kune mamwe masangano ehurumende, uye mari yemari. Pakati, nekuda kwekuedza kwaKoidorkovsky naLebedev, vakakwanisa kuwana mazano makuru ekugoverwa kwemakombiyuta, kusanganisira mamwe mahurumende. Nzira yekuisa mari yakava imwe yezvinyorwa zvakakurumbira zvikuru mukati, nokuti mumazuva iwayo hurumende dzisina hurumende dzavo uye dzisingagoni kuwana mari kuburikidza nekuzadzisa mirairo.

Khodorkovsky anogara achiziva maitiro matsva emabhizimisi: kubva pakugadzirwa kwe jeans yakabikwa kuenda kune zvekutengeserana kwemaira emasangano enyika ekutsvakurudza. Lebedev anova shamwari yakavimbika yaMikhail Borisovich, pamwe chete vanotanga kuwana mari yakakura panguva iyoyo.

Menatep

Muna 1989, Khodorkovsky akasarudza kugadzira bhangi rake. Plato Lebedev, uyo anozivikanwa iye zvino haatombogoni kuwirirana nebhizimisi reKoidorkovsky, muna 1991 akava mutungamiriri weMENATEP Bank. Iri bhengi rezvekutengeserana raiva pakati pevokutanga kugamuchira rerenesi yekuita mari yekutengeserana, iyo ine pfuma yakawanda. Gare gare, Khodorkovsky anosarudza kugovera zvikamu zvebhangi, Lebedev anotungamirira purogiramu yakawanda yekuzivisa, vanhu vazhinji vakaisa mari mubhizinesi, asi zvikamu zvakapikirwa zvakapikirwa kune vagoveri vaisafanira kuona. Bhizinesi rinogamuchira masangano akawanda ehurumende, kunyange iyo Ministry of Finance yakashandisa mabasa eMENATEP. Lebedev aifambidzana mukuitisa mabasa mumabhangi eSwitzerland uye munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzekumahombekombe.

Kutanga kwekutengeserana kwemakambani makuru emari yakava nguva yekukura kwakasimba kwebhangi, kuburikidza nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekutengeswa kwemabhizimisi.Koidorkovsky naLebedev, vari munhu webhangi, vaiva ne 90% yekutonga kwechikwata mukambani yechipiri-mafuta makuru eRussia, Yukos.

Kubvira muna 1995, zvinodiwa naLebedev naKoidorkovsky vakatamira kune zvigadzirwa zvemhando, bhanhire rinorega kuva rinokosha kwavari. Zvisinei, Lebedev akasara ari sachigaro webhangi bato revatungamiri. Muna 1998, panguva yematambudziko ezvoupfumi, MENATEP Bank yakasara kuvapo, chikamu cheguta guru chakava chikonzero chekugadzwa kweTrust Bank. Plato Lebedev akachengetedza chinzvimbo chake pabhodi revatungamiri.

YUKOS

Plato Lebedev muna 1996 akava nhengo yebhodhi rekambani yeoiri Yukos, iyo yakatungamirirwa neshamwari yake Mikhail Khodorkovsky. Zvadaro akazova vamiririri sachigaro weboka revatungamiri. Lebedev, pamwe naKoidorkovsky, vanoshandisa zvirongwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvekugadzirisa mutero uye kuwedzera mari yeYUKOS kakawanda. Muna 2003, Lebedev akapinda muzita revanhu vakapfuma zvikuru muRussia maererano nemagazini yeForbes, mari yake yakawana $ 1 bhiriyoni, panguva iyo yaive nenayo ye7% yezvikamu zveMENATEP. Akakwanisawo kutora matanho ega muzvikamu zvevashandi venyika yeYUKOS, inenge 61% yehuwandu hwekambani yose.

Kutongwa

Muna 2003, nyaya yakanangana neLebedev yakavhurwa pamusana pekuvhara kwe 20% yezvikamu zveboka reMurmansk joint joint "Apatit". Sezvo Plato Lebedev asina kuonekwa pamasitori kune hofisi yehupisiti, achitaura nezvekukurumidzira kupararira, musi waJuly 2 akasungwa. Saka anotanga chitsauko chitsva muupenyu hwake. Akakurumidza kupomerwa nemashoko ekunyadzisa uye kukuvara kweimba, uye zvishoma nezvishoma nezvimwe zvinyorwa zvitsvene, kusanganisira kubhadhara mutero. Pakupera kwa2003, Khodorovsky akasungwa, uye nyaya yeLebedev inotora zvematongerwe enyika.

Muna 2005, Lebedev akawanikwa aine mhosva uye akatongerwa makore 9 mujeri. Asi pamwechete naMakhodorkovsky Platon Lebedev akasimbisa kushaya mhosva kwake, achipomera dare rezvematongerwe enyika nechisarudzo. Mutongo wacho wakakumbira, uye panguva yekuongorora iyo dare rakaderedza izwi kwegore rimwe. Lebedev akatumirwa kuChita pamwe naMikhail Khodorkovsky. Muna 2007, yechipiri cheYUKOS nyaya yakaonekwa, zvichienderana nei izwi reLebedev rakawedzera kusvika makore gumi nematanhatu.

Kurwisana kwekusununguka

Kwemakore ese ekutambudzwa, Lebedev haana kubvuma mhosva yake, akadzoka kakawanda kunyunyuta nekukumbira maererano nezvinetso zveutano. Nyika yenyika uye kushorwa kweRussia inofunga kuti Lebedev, saKoidorkovsky, musungwa wehana, anotambudzwa nokuda kwezvikonzero zvezvematongerwe enyika.

Muna 2014, dare rakasimbisa mutongo waro, richisiya kushanda kudiwa kubva kunaLebedev uye Khodorkovsky mabhiriyoni 17 rubles. MunaJanuary 2014, Mutungamiri weDare Repamusorosoro reRussia rakaderedza nguva yekurangwa kune uyo wakashandirwa, uye musi waJanuary 24 Plato Lebedev, uyo ane chinyorwa akaonekwa pamapfigiro ezvinyorwa zvepasi rose, akasunungurwa.

Paanosunungurwa, Lebedev akati anoda kuita mubhizimusi renyika dzose, asi nokuda kweizvi anoda chipasipoti. Tora, haana kukwanisa, nokuti yakachengetedza mamiriyoni emitengo yezvikwereti.

Mhuri

Nenguva yokutanga Lebedev akaroorwa muna 1977. Vaviri vacho vaiva nevana vaviri: Lyudmila naMikhail. Muna 2006, Lebedev, ari mumusha, anorambana Natalia uye anoroora kechipiri, pane musikana akanga atova nemwana kubva kwaari. Mumuchato uyu, Plato Leonidovich aivawo nevana vaviri - Daria naMaria.

Mhepfenyuro yakanyatsotorwa kune mukwambo weLebedev Platon, uyo aifungidzirwa kuva nehukama nemafia. Lebedev pachake haana kutaura nezvekusava nechokwadi pamusoro pezvinobvumirana neukama hweChechen. Ibrahim Suleymanov, mukwambo waPlato Lebedev, akapomerwa mhosva yekubiridzira uye kuvhara mari uye muna 2007 akatongerwa kugara mujeri kwenguva refu.