Radar "DTV" (radar)

Kukurumidza kukura zvombo anoisa yakakwirira yaanoti tactical uye michina zvechadenga nzira yokudzivirirwa inobvira kurwisa. Radar "Daryal" (Radar) kweanenge maviri emakore kwave chinhu chinokosha zvakadaro gadziriro.

vava kuda

Muna 1960, rimwe purogiramu nekutumirwa kwemauto ose intercontinental ballistic zvombo zvitsva "Minuteman-1" kwakatangwa muna US, vanokwanisa kutanga masekonzi mashoma mushure mekugamuchira murayiro rakakodzera. Change nzira imwe zvichibvira World War III; huru basa kushandisa inokosha ichivhuvhuta zvino aiva haisi uto inokosha avhiyesheni uye chombo vatakuri. Pakati pezana 60s United States yakanga kukwirira mu achishandisa chokuendesa zvombo zvenyukireya seventeenfold nani, izvo zvakaita kuti tikwanise kuparadza zvose mukana renyukireya Soviet Union mumwe vachimedza.

Nokuti pachine achinyevera Kusaona kurwisa Soviet Union muna 1960 akatanga kusika yambiro gadziriro chaiyo (EWS).

zvinogutsa nharo

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti vamwe vakuru vakuru vemauto vaisagona kuva anonyatsoziva kukosha zvakagadzirirwa ezvinhu, achidana kutambisa paruzhinji zvinhu kuti midziyo kuti haakonzeri kuvadza muvengi uye vamusundidzire zvitundumuseremusere. Pane imwe musangano inokosha pamusoro Military-Industrial Commission, achipindura mumwe dzinonetsa mashoko academician, refutenendi General, Engineer A. N. Schukin akadzokorora mitsetse kubva Pushkin kuti "The zvakaedza Yechinwiwa Cockerel" - avo apo "akatendeka nharirire vstrepenetsya, votendeuka nokupopota. .. ". Mabhuku muenzaniso pamusoro vatsoropodzi uye akaita maererano Hurumende Revashumiri 1962, yakatanga chirongwa kuumba kunzwisisa wokukurumidza kuziva miedzo kuuya zvombo. Wokutanga chizvarwa radar "Dniester" uye dzakachinjwa shanduro kwayo, "Dnepr", asati kuisa kupinda pabasa, hatichamuzivi ano. Vakanga vasingagoni kudzora pedyo zvinogona muvengi zvombo multiple warheads diki saizi.

All-achiona ziso

Muna 1966, ivo Radio Engineering Institute, basa rakatanga musi pakasikwa radar vangasimudzira itsva guru vachikwanisa nemwaranzi - radar "Daryal", mano okuona chinhu kukura bhora ari chinhambwe 6 zviuru Km.. mugadziri Chief akagadzwa Viktor Ivantsov. Wokutanga chivakwa radar "Daryal" aifanira kuvaka pamusoro chombo-mirayiridzo. Over chetatu zvose zvinowanikwa muna US zvombo kuti intercontinental zvombo vakange zvainanga guru Soviet Union - Moscow - uye nechepakati nzvimbo munyika, pamwe nendege nzira pamusoro North Pole. Rokutanga Masvomhu nyanzvi yakaratidza kuti yemapurisa inofanira kuiswa sezvo pedyo sezvinobvira kuchamhembe (nehasha munzvimbo Franz Josef Land), asi pamwero mukuru kuvakwa muna utsinye kweArctic ezvinhu pozi isingaverengeki dambudziko. Kwakasarudzwa kuzomisa muti pakati yakaoma.

"Daryal" RLS. Komi ASSR

Kuti dhipuroya akasarudzwa nzvimbo pedyo netaundi Pechora, 200 chete? Km kubva kweArctic Circle. Nokuda hombe simba kudyiwa midziyo, chirongwa vakatanga panguva imwe chete pakuvaka Pechora GRES muna 1974. At mwoyo "Daryal" Radar ndiyo zvakawanda midziyo hombe, zvinosanganisira zvinopfuura zviuru 4. E-redhiyo dzakabatana. Akareba zvivako kugamuchira (100 m) uye kuparadzira (m 40) kuti antennas vari munzvimbo dzokuzororera dzaiva kunze imwe kure, zvirire millimeter. Energy uye mvura kudyiwa ravarwi akanga yakaenzana zvinodiwa pakati peguta, vagari 100 zviuru. Man. Pulse simba Radar "Daryal" ( "Pechora" - Pechora, maererano NATO kupatsanura) panguva yepamusorosoro vakapfuura 370 MW.

Nokuti basa uye yokutsiva kutigumbura radioelementnyh phased kuko kanyanga (PAR) panguva kushanda chaiyo robotic kunzwisisa inopiwa. Hwaro kadambari chechitima kwava microprocessor-yakavakirwa Vector-yakafanana kombiyuta inokwanisa kubudisa vanopfuura mamiriyoni 5 mashandiro por wechipiri.

Chokutanga murwendo

Pechora Radar "Daryal" muna January 1984, vakabudirira vakapfuura dzakatevedzana nemiedzo, akaiswa basa. Vavaki uye ouinjiniya mudonzvo akakwanisa kunochingura deadlines, pasinei zvakawanda dzinongoitika uye matambudziko waishandiswa hunhu. Somuenzaniso, nokudira nheyo rakanyorwa pakarepo akarova frosts. Kuti adzivise kongiri kubva nechando akabatsira Russian zvaiti - Homemade muvhenganiswa akanga kudziyirwa electrodes nokushandisa voltage kwavari.

Chimwe mamiriro ezvinhu okukurumidzira chakaitika panguva nokutumwa. Kubatwa moto radiotransparent matumba achitumira pakati. Nokuda kushaya mureza firefighting midziyo vakapisa anopfuura 80% pakati pemvura. Vanounganidzira zvose zvinobvira reserves, mukati memwedzi miviri kugadzirwa chirimwa muna Syzran pave kanivhasi mutsva (kusika chaiye muoti hungada kupfuura pagore), uye nekukurumidza migumisiro moto zvabviswa. Nokuti bhuku: tichifunga chiitiko, chifukidziro asiri combustible zvinhu rakagadzirwa kutevera radar chirongwa.

In nzvimbo patrol

The rokutanga chirongwa, kuti ataure pamusoro akasvinura radar "Daryal" ( "Pechora"). Photos kuvaka inopa pfungwa yakajeka kutsanangurwa basa rinoitwa. Just aifanira kuvaka imwe nhanhatu inokwana zviyero yakafanana iri mukomberedzo munyika, kuvhara imwe nzvimbo kwegore risingapindiki chindori yacho radar:

• "Gabala", Azerbaijani SSR.
• "Skrunda", wokuLatvia SSR.
• "Coast", Mukachevo, Ukrainian SSR.
• "Balkhash", Kazakh SSR.
• "Mishelevka", Irkutsk Region.
• "Yeniseysk", Krasnoyarsk Territory.

Raiva pedyo nebundu Pechora kudzora zvose kuchamhembe negwara. Wechipiri uye pakupedzisira, chinozoiswa ndokuiswa kushanda padariro wokutanga chirongwa, aiva yemapurisa kuAzerbaijan.

On murindi kwesango miganhu

Rokuvaka chinhu pedyo musha. Kutkashen (pashure pokuwa USSR - Gabala) akatanga ari Caucasian zvokuvhoterwa muna 1982. Nyika basa rinofukidza zvinopfuura 200 hectares. . Vavaki muchiuto vanenge 20 zviuru dzaibatanidzwa. Date kureverera Radar "Daryal" ( "Gabala") riri muhondo basa anoonekwa kuva February 1985, kunyange zvazvo zvizere basa rokuvaka rakapera mumakore matatu chete gare gare. Huru STRUCTURAL misiyano Gabala gungano - kushaya munhu yekombiyuta. The Data vakawana zvokuongorora kutepfenyura mashoko nzvimbo "Zifungu" uye "Square", iri noruwa.

The chiteshi inotongwa chose kumaodzanyemba inokosha nhungamiro, akafukidza nyika Saudi Arabia, Iran, Iraq, Turkey, North Africa, Pakistan uye India, vakawanda Indian Ocean, kusanganisira kweAustralia. Gabala Radar chiteshi chine hwokugadzira ukuru munguva Iran-Iraq kunetsana zvakanaka kunyora zvose Kurwa anotanga Iraqi zvombo "Scud" (139 hrs.) Uye munguva "Operation Desert Storm" (302 kunotangira).

Pashure pokuwa kweSoviet Union akapedzisa chibvumirano pakati hurumende yeRussia uye Azerbaijan achabvumira nzvimbo rwezasi kuCaucasus wemakomo eJudhiya kugara takura muchiuto kusvikira 2012, apo chiteshi yakanga zvinobva Russian mangwanani yambiro hurongwa.

Ratidza muna Skrunda

Pakati pezana 80-ies wekupedzisira remakore, 4 km kubva muguta Skrunda (wokuLatvia SSR), pedyo "Dnepr" aivapo radar (chinhu "Skrunda-1"), kuvakwa mumwe "Daryal" mhando magadzirirwo. Mushure erection pakati kugamuchirwa kanyanga uye hurukuro midziyo (1990), yakanga vaifunga kuti padariro wokutanga "Dnepr" radar richashandiswa wokutepfenyurisa. Asi pashure rusununguko, kuBaltic chinoda, Latvia akava enzvimbo chinhu. Zvinoitwa wokuRussia divi kuti vachengetedze radar yakanaka havana vakabvuma, uye muna 1994 mauto eRussia akasiya yemapurisa.

Kwapera gore, nokupiwa kanyanga yakaparadzwa nenhengo American kambani. Nyanzvi Foreign vakaratidza Latvians chaivo dzinoratidza. Pamberi kuputika, vakaita pamusoro yose kureba chivako mavara mafayawekisi, uye pashure triggering huru mutariri mamiriro yakadhirika, akawira hofori.

Chakavanzika Krasnoyarsk radar

Yevimbiso aimbova nevavaki uye vashandi pamusoro raiva pedyo nebundu "yeniseysk-15", ravarwi aiva kukwanisa nemwaranzi, simba izvo zvinogona kukuvadza zvemagetsi ane ballistic chombo wekushandisa hurongwa. Saka kana ikozvino vasamuziva. In nyasha aimbova muvengi mukana, uye mukutanga 90s kuti inokosha nemumwe - the United States, vatogadzirira kutaipa radar "Daryal" akanga namambo mumwe chete dzakaparara. Wevakadzidza chikonzero ndechokuti ari placement veboka ravarwi, zvinopesana zvatinopiwa kuti ABM Treaty.

Kuparadzwa kweguta-kusikwa zvebhizimisi ikava ruyamuro njodzi nokuda musha yeniseysk-15. vanhu vanodarika chiuru vakarasikirwa nemabasa uye zvokurarama nazvo chaizvoizvo kusiyiwa neHurumende kuti vazviriritire. Zvichida vaizotevera uchawana mhinduro yomubvunzo wokuti ndiani chaitadzisa Krasnoyarsk radar yemapurisa "Daryal". Photos of Zvisaririra zvivako chikuru mumwoyo eSiberia wakanaka kupomera mhosva gwaro.

Irkutsk, Russia, Kazakhstan, Ukraine

The yeredhiyo muna Irkutsk nharaunda akaiswa kushanda muna 1992, asi makore maviri gare gare nzvimbo mothballed. Kubvira muna 1999, kuti chikwata akashandisa masangano rehurumende kudzidza rokumusoro mhepo. Makore matanhatu apfuura, pakuvaka namambo mumwe chete dzakaparara, chichisunungura kumusoro nzvimbo yokuvaka runotevera pamusoro radar.

"Daryal" pedyo netaundi Balkhash kumabvazuva Kazakhstan muna 2002 akapiwa kuzviremera ane dzinozvitonga mamiriro. somugumisiro moto zvikuru makore maviri gare gare, kuvakwa zvachose ndipiswe, uye ipapo zvakasara STRUCTURAL zvinhu uye midziyo zvaibiwa. Pakupedzisira, imba yakaparara muna 2010.

Zvinhu musi Cape Chersonese, Sevastopol uye Mukachevo pedyo (Western Ukraine) vakasiya konekwa, uye 2000s vakanga namambo mumwe chete dzakaparara.

Russian renyukireya nhoo

The zvichiguma Makwanza ari chombo kudzivirira Russia vanofanira kubvisa zvachose mangwanani yambiro mamiriro chizvarwa chitsva pahwaro radar mhando "Voronezh" fekitari-vakaungana. Time nezvinhu kuvaka zvinoriumba izvi yekudyidzana akaderedzwa, zvichienzaniswa kune "Daryalami" kuti akabvumira mumakore gumi adarika kuti ishande dzemapurisa nomwe yakadaro. Facilities vari revatema kupinda chombo kuzvidzivirira hurongwa (NMD), uye mabasa avo anosanganisira kwete chete kuonekwa pamusoro huru, asi club uye kukanganiswa.

Uyezve, sezvo negadziriro yeparutivi, kana kukundikana huru pazviteshi, akasika Mini-radar hurongwa. midziyo iyi nyore yakazonyorwa somunhu nyore mumagwa mudziyo uye inogona iri kupi. basa zvakaoma zvionera zvachose uye zvokuzvisarudzira.