Renewable uye non-renewable pfuma - inogona kuenderera kushandiswa. Department of Natural Resources

Zviwanikwa zviri zvikuru kuti vanhu. Vanoita somunhu anokosha rine zvinhu kugadzirwa. Vamwe sectors, kunyanya zvokurima, kubatsirwa zvakananga zviwanikwa. A dzakananga chinoratidza mabasa avo anogona kuitwa. In zvakatipoteredza, pane renewable uye non-renewable kupfuma. Ngationgororei navo zvizere.

General unhu

Murume mabasa ake uye kushandisa renewable uye vasiri renewable zviwanikwa. Chokutanga anokwanisa apore. Somuenzaniso, zuva simba kunoramba kusvitsa kubva nzvimbo, mvura yakachena inoumbwa vachishandisa kutenderera zvinhu. Vamwe zvinhu anokwanisa kuporesa pacharo. Vasiri renewable zvinhu zvinosanganisira Somuenzaniso, chicherwa zvinhu. Vamwe vavo, Chokwadi, unogona kudzorerwa. Zvisinei, ya Geological zvinogara kunotemwa nemamiriyoni emakore. imwe nguva yakadaro kuenderana kumhanya mari uye zvokukura mumagariro kukura. Chinokosha kusiyanisa renewable uye vasiri renewable zviwanikwa.

ura enyika

Parizvino kunobereka siyana vasiri renewable kupfuma. Mineral subsoil Matura kuumbwa akachinja pamusoro mamiriyoni emakore. Companies kuchera kwemauto ririkuitwa zvidzidzo inokosha, inoongorora, panguva iyo zvinoratidza deposits ose chicherwa zvinhu. Mushure mokusvinwa mbishi zvinhu anouya marara. The chigadzirwa iri vaipa kune maindasitiri mabhizimisi. Mining zvicherwa yaiva mumwe kudzika kudzika, pose nzira rinoitwa. Kuti aite izvi, kusika isina basa zvaisanganisira dredging muchina. Kana zvicherwa dziri yakadzika pasi pevhu, akachera matsime, kusika angu.

Nemigumisiro yakaipa migodhi

Mokusvinwa non-renewable pfuma zvachero nzira murume anoita irreparable kukuvadza ivhu pakavha. Nokuda kwayo chiito rinotanga nyika kukurwa kwevhu kunoitika mvura uye kusvibiswa mhepo, zvakashatirisa zvakasikwa kunoita mune zvinhu zvipenyu. Underground kuchera ndiyo anodhura. Zvisinei, izvi zvinoita zvishoma kukuvadza mhoteredzo. Panguva kuchera pevhu kusvibiswa mvura kunogona kuitika nokuda iine acid abudise mumigodhi. Kazhinji, nharaunda umo deposits vari yakatanga saizvozvi, zvinokwanisika kuti apore.

unganidza

Huwandu zvinhu chaizvoizvo zvinowanikwa muvhu iri zvakaoma. Izvi zvinoda inokosha mari inivhesitimendi. Uyezve kusimbisa pamwe zvakarurama uwandu zvicherwa kutonetsa. mumatanda All vari rakakamurwa kuziva uye vanzika. Mumwe nomumwe Mapoka aya, akavapindurawo, dziya mu:

1. Kwakachengetwa. boka iri rinosanganisira avo vasiri-renewable zvinhu zvinogona mined kubudisa mari panguva kuitika mitengo uye vaishandisa dzokubudisa michina.
2. Zvimwe zvinhu. boka iri zvinosanganisira yakawanikwa uye vanzika pfuma, uyewo avo kuti hazvigoni zvikaramba pane mari iri mari yaivapo uye vaishandisa zvetsika rwokugadzira.

Kuparadzwa

Apo 80% kubva inofungidzirwa kana negadziriro yeparutivi Zvisaririra akapora uye kushandiswa, zvekuvaka anoonekwa vakasarudzwa. Izvi imhaka yokuti, sezvo mutemo, dzasara 20% musamutsa zvisingabatsiri. Bhuku zvikaramba zvicherwa uye nguva kuneta anogona ngazviwedzerwe. Kuti izvi zvidaro, mabasa akasiyana-siyana vari ashandiswe. Somuenzaniso, yakawedzera vanofungidzirwa reserves ari chiitiko kuti mukuru mitengo kumanikidzira kutsvaga minda itsva nemafuta, pave itsva ruzivo, kuwedzera marara mugove. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kudyiwa inogona kuderedzwa, akasuma marara vasiri renewable zviwanikwa. The yokupedzisira, zvikurukuru, kunoita kudzivirira zvakatikomberedza nokushingaira Vatsigiri.

Vamiririri "munyoro" vanodana dzakabudirira kuti chinja kubva kuraswa pfuma, nokusika yakawanda tsvina, kuti zvimwe kodzera. Yakadaro nzira hungada, kuwedzera marara uye apiwa okusuma yakatsvuka zvinhu zviri kugadzirwa, kuunza kwoupfumi zviridzwa, zvimwe zviito vanhu nehurumende, mararamiro uye unhu vanhu panyika yose.

energetics

Sezvo mukuru zvinoita kuti tizive padanho kushandiswa chero simba bhuku, muri:

1. Vanofungidzirwa reserves.
2. Net chinobatsira goho.
3. Vanokwanisa inokanganisa zvakatipoteredza.
4. Mutengo.
5. Social migumisiro kukanganisika pachena kuchengeteka.

Pari zvikuru aishingaira mined kutevera simba non-renewable pfuma:

1. Oil.
2. Coal.
3. Gas.

mafuta

Rinogona kushandiswa mbishi chimiro. Zviri nyore kutakura. oiri ichakasangana nezvimwewo kuonekwa nekaupenyu zvakachipa uye zvakajairika mazuva mhando mafuta. Zvinonzi kusiyaniswa refu mwero anobatsira simba anobudiswa. Maererano nenyanzvi, magetsi reserves mafuta raigona apera mukati makore 40-80. Munguva combustion yakatsvuka zvinhu ukasunungurwa mumhepo rakawanda CO _2. It hwakazara kwazara shanduko panyika. "Heavy" mafuta (vakasara dzose), uyewo mbishi zvinhu, abudisa kubva sand mafuta uye mafuta shale, kungawedzera aivapo mumatanda. Zvisinei, zvinhu izvi zviri kudhura. Uyewo, "rinorema" mafuta ane pasi mambure simba goho, ane zvakawanda inokanganisa zvakatipoteredza. Nokuti kwayo kugadzira kunoda yakawanda mvura.

mweya

Rinopa zvakawanda kupisa pane dzimwe mhando peturu. Negasi anoonekwa kuti nekaupenyu chipa mokuwana. It kunoratidzwa refu mwero mambure simba goho. Zvisinei, gasi reserves zvaigona apera mukati mumakore 40-100. In nedanho combustion, uyewo mafuta, ari CO ₂ aumba.

marasha

Izvi rworudzi zvekuvaka ichaongororwa kuti rakajairika. Coal ane mukuru indekisi anoshanda goho simba panguva chizvarwa tembiricha kupisa mukuru uye magetsi. Izvi zvinhu zviri zvakanaka chisingakoshi. Zvisinei, iye anoita kukuvadza zvakakomba kuti mamiriro. Chekutanga, ine ngozi, zvakare, akanga kugadzirwa kwayo. Chechipiri, kana combustion of CO ₂ anonziwo asunungurwa kana pasina mudziyo unokosha kudzora kusvibiswa.

geothermal simba

Zvinonzi kutendeukira yakaoma uye asiri renewable pevhu hwemvura, mvura inopisa munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzenyika. deposits akadaro njere, vanogona kugadzirwa. The zvichiguma kupisa rinoshandiswa kuti simba kugadzirwa uye kuti nzvimbo kudziyisa. deposits kwakadaro kunogona kupa zvokurarama nazvo dzakapoterera munzvimbo kwemakore 100-200. Geothermal simba achishandisa asingadi emit carbon dioxide, asi ayo kugadzirwa zvakaoma zvikuru uye inokanganisa zvakatipoteredza.

vaizotibata mabviro

Vanotenda zvakaitwa fission yenyukireya. The chikuru mukana bhuku iri kushayikwa carbon dioxide inobvisa nezvimwe zvinokuvadza yeimwe panguva kushandiswa. Uyezve, panguva nokushanda reactor mvura uye ivhu kusvibiswa iri mukati zvinogamuchirika parameters, kana uchishandisa kutenderera anomhanya zvakanaka. Pakati zvazvakashatira renyukireya nyanzvi dzinoti kwemitengo basa, mukuru pangozi tsaona, mwero pasi anoshanda simba goho. Kunze, hazvina kugadzirirwa kuti dzakachengeteka kuchengetera vana radioactive kunouraya. pokuperevedza izvi zvinokonzera yakaderera kuwanda kwezvinhu renyukireya matsime nhasi.

Kushandiswa non-renewable pfuma: matambudziko

Pari chenjera dambudziko Kuparadzwa zviripo zvinyorwa. Human zvavanoda kuwedzera nokukurumidza. Izvi kunowedzera kusimba dzesango kukura. Zvisinei, sezvo akanga akati apa, vakawanda aripo Zvisaririra madziva nhasi vava kuda vaneta. Panyaya iyi, pane kushingaira kutsvaka minda itsva nemafuta, pave itsva ruzivo. Imwe kiyi nzvimbo mumunda management chero dzakabudirira munyika nyasha ouchenjeri kushandiswa kwemishonga simba zvinyorwa uye pakugadzira zvinhu.

Mamiriro munyika nhasi haisati nemafashamo, asi izvozvo hazvirevi kuti vanhu havafaniri kutora chero matanho. In ose yepamusoro nyika ine yayo Department of Natural Resources. muviri ichi kwave kushanda kudzora yakatsvuka zvinhu kugadzirwa nokuparadzirwa, uye simba vatengi. Mukati imwe State anovamba zvimwe dzemunharaunda, mitemo, nzira, mitengo nokuti akapora zvinhu. Department of Natural Resources Inosarudza nyaya chokuita kuchengeteka mabasa mugodhi uye kugadzira Enterprises. Kugadzirisa dambudziko mune remangwana panorongwa. In framework kwavo rinopa kuti ndaisagona kushandiswa kwemishonga yakatsvuka zvinhu uye simba Inopa. Ivo anoratidza vasanyanye okuwana okuita, kuvandudzika kuti ruzivo, yechipiri zvinhu kugadzira.