Roald Amundsen: akarivhura uye kana?

Amundsen - imwe yakakurumbira vatsvakurudzi muNorway. Kubvira pauduku, chitandadzo ake aiverenga mabhuku pamusoro kufamba kunyika kure. Somwana akaverenga dzinenge dzose Shanduro vaifamba kweArctic Circle, akanga kuendesa abate. Amundsen pachivande kubva mai kare mumakore okutanga akatanga kugadzirira rwendo, akanga munyoro, kuita muviri, uyewo kutamba nhabvu, tichifunga kuti mutambo uyu unobatsira kusimbisa gumbo tsandanyama.

Youth guru polar aiongorora

Apo Amundsen apinda Medical weVadzidzisi Vedare muOslo, vakawanda nguva chose kuti kudzidza mitauro yokumwe, kuva nechokwadi chokuti ruzivo rwavo kunodikanwa kuti rwendo. Chii yakavhurwa jogirafi Roald Amundsen, kunonyanya kukonzerwa ake kwemakore akawanda kudzidziswa muuduku hwake.

Mumakore 1897-1899 muduku Amundsen akatora chikamu muBelgian Antarctic rwendo vatsvakurudzi. Saizvozvowo chikwata naye aiva akakurumbira ainzi Frederick Cook, uyo pashure pemakore 10 rokurwa muhondo kuti kodzero kuva akawana North Pole pamwe Robertom Piri.

Mutsindo vatsvakurudzi: kurwira ukuru

North Pole uye kuva chinangwa kuti wakakugadzirirai pacharo Roald Amundsen. Chii akaona mune ramangwana, kana ane zvimwe vafambi akatambura kuti kumudzivo pfungwa panyika? Pamutemo, kwenguva yakareba zvaifungwa kuti wokutanga April 6, 1909 sezvarwakasvikira North Pole Robert Piri. Frederik e vakati kuti akanga pano 21 April 1908. Sezvo uchapupu anoratidzwa ne Cook mubvunzo, ipapo takasarudza kupa muchanza kuna Peary. Asi kubudirira ake vakakahadzika.

Chokwadi chokuti midziyo panguva haisati asvika kuti pamwero okukura, iyo yaizova njodzi kutaura chokwadi zvikuru pachena. Akatevera, uyo akaedza kukunda asingakanganwiri North Pole, aiva Fridtjof Nansen. Asi aisagona kuzadzisa chinangwa chake, uye Baton wake wokurera Roald Amundsen. Chii akaona, uye apo, nokusingaperi kuramba munhoroondo nenzvimbo tsvakurudzo. Asi chikuru kuwanikwa Amundsen akanga pakurukurwa nemiedzo yakawanda. Pashure naamai vake rufu, Amundsen akasarudza kuva aidzidzisa refu rwendo. Zvisinei, kuti vabudirire atambidze bvunzo, zvakanga zvakakodzera kuti kumhanya kwemakore anenge matatu ari wechikepe pamusoro schooner.

Roald Amundsen: avhura ava aiongorora huru

Future polar aiongorora akatumira mhenderekedzo Spitsbergen mu muindasitiri chikepe. Anobva kune imwe ngarava uye akatumira dzeCanada. Asati ava aiongorora kukuru, Amundsen ari wechikepe ngarava dzakawanda uye kushanyira nyika zhinji: Spain, Mexico, England uye America.

Muna 1896 Amundsen bvunzo uye kugamuchira chitupa, zvaakatadzisa ayo refu rwendo aidzidzisa. Ndapedza Antarctica pakupedzisira inova nzvimbo Roald Amundsen akatuma. Kuti akanga awana mukufamba yaakatanga rwendo? Chete kuti Antarctica ndiye chinangwa chikuru - kugara mupenyu. The rwendo, rakanga raitirwa kudzidza pano remagineti akapotsa akava okupedzisira yose rakarira. Akasimba blizzards, inopisa chando uye mazhinji kuhwanda nzara - izvi zvose zvinenge vakaparadza chikwata. Vakaponeswa chete zvichikonzerwa nesimba vakashinga mufambi anoramba vachivhima zvisimbiso zvokudya kuziya rakarira.

changed zvinangwa

Roald Amundsen: kuti akaona uye zviri basa rayo mukati ano nenzvimbo ruzivo? Muna 1909, apo Cook uye Peary yaratidza pachena kodzero dzavo yawanikwa North Pole, Amundsen akasarudza zvikuru kuchinja chinangwa chawo. Pashure munhangemutange iyi, aigona kungova rwechipiri, kana kwete wechitatu. Naizvozvo polar aiongorora vakasarudza kukunda mumwe chipfuro - muSouth Pole. Zvisinei, paitova vaya vaida kuita izvi nokukurumidza.

Scott aiva British rwendo

Muna 1901 muUK rakarongwa rwendo rinotungamirirwa mukuru Robert Scott. Haana kufunga nenzvimbo zvakawanwa bhizimisi zvose hwake, asi akakwira yokugadzirira hasha rwendo pamwe basa zvizere. Roald Amundsen, Robert Scott: kuti vatsvakurudzi yakawanikwa youtorwa hwavo, kana vakazviita pamwechete? Asi, zvakanga kukwikwidzana kuti kodzero kusvika South Pole kutanga. Muna June 1910, Scott akatanga pakundopambara kuna Antarctica. Aiziva kuti akanga ane mukwikwidzi, asi havana kuzviita kukosha zvikuru Amundsen rwendo, achifunga rushoma ake. Asi chinonyanya kukosha kuwanikwa South Pole mumakore 1910-1912 vaiva Norwegian.

Roald Amundsen: kuti akaona? Pfupiso kunorwa kusvikira South Pole

Scott akaita chikuru bheji pamusoro pokushandiswa midziyo - kwataita. Amundsen zvakare kushandisa zvakaitika vomuNorway, akatora naye hombe imbwa chikwata chokufambisa ari Sled. Uyezve, chikwata Amundsen kwakaita yaisanganisira kwazvo skiers, Scott uye vashandi nhengo hazvitsivi zvakafanira kuteerera kwegadziriro the.

Chikwata February 4 Scott vake, wakati asvika Bay pamusoro hove huru, pakarepo ndakaona vakwikwidzi dzavo. The British, kunyange vakarasikirwa vachirwisana mweya, akasarudza kuramba ari parwendo. Mukuwedzera, chikwata vakakatyamadzwa kubudikidza chitarisiko Amundsen kuti rwendo akabatanidzwa basa, uye kushaya kurovedza. Mabhiza avo vakatanga kufa sezvo refu kuti acclimatise. Vamwe kwataita akaputsa. Scott akaziva kuti Amundsen bheji pamusoro imbwa - richakunda mhinduro. Pasinei chokwadi kuti Amundsen akatamburawo Nokurasikirwa, December 14, 1911 chikwata chake asvika South Pole.