Temple waAmoni kuKarnak: tsananguro, nhoroondo uye zvinonakidza zvinhu

Mumazuva muIjipiti yekare pamusoro nzvimbo ino musha Karnak, raiva kumabvazuva pamahombekombe aNairi haana kure huru muzinda Luxor, raiva guta guru kupfuura ose kuti ichikosha Thebes. Kwemazana emakore akawanda raiva guta guru rose wehurumende. Zviri pano kuti zviuru zvina apfuura, kuvakwa guru mutembere, anozivikanwa nhasi sezvo temberi yamwari Amoni kuKarnak.

Mukuru vanamwari Egiptak yekare

Usati watanga nyaya iyi akasiyana kuvakwa, zvinofanira kuva kanenge muchidimbu kuzivana vaya zviuru varanda vakanga vachivaka chive emakore mashoma. Pakati vazhinji pantheon vaIjipiti vamwari Amoni akabata hukuru chinzvimbo. Iye hunotaurwa zuva - ndiro simba vose upenyu pamahombekombe aNairi yave akaisa.

Kushamwaridzana nemwaranzi yaro, zvinoitika rive dzakazara zviyo nechiredzo, asi zvinogona zvakare uchaomesa pasi, vachisiya kutumbuka murenje cornfield akafa. Mangwanani oga oga ndiye, muduku uye nokutsva, hwaikwira kumatenga, pashure wezuva, akanga kukwegura uye kusabetsera kwakadonha pazasi pajengachenga kutanga zvose pamusoro zvakare mangwana,. Naizvozvo akatongerwa, uye vanhu - iri husingaperi kutenderera upenyu kuti vaizokwegura, kufa uye unoberekwazve zvakare muvana vavo.

Temberi Karnak

Mukuru vamwari zvakatsaurirwa kuna mutemberi Karnak uye Luxor. Temberi, iyo kuitwa nyaya yedu, pakutanga raiva nezvikamu zvitatu. Wokutanga chakatsaurirwa make, kuti ndiye mukuru uye mwari simba yaAmun Ra, wechipiri - wake Mut, sevasingafungi vanamambokadzi zvose, izvo kwaifanira kuunza mufaro kunyika chitarisiko chake pamusoro payo, uye, pakupedzisira, wechitatu - mwanakomana mwedzi-mwari Khonsu. Saka, zano temberi kuKarnak pakutanga wakaratidza nhamba pezvivako akaronga pamusoro rwakafanana akabatana uye zvakagadzirirwa kunamata vanamwari vatatu vatatu ichi chakavanzika.

Zvina apfuura, Thebes, ari muguta guru yeEgipita, chainyanya vazhinji veguta rake, riri kumusha vanhu kusvika hafu yemiriyoni kuti. hondo dzakawanda uye nokukunda kurwisa chokuendesa mutero kubva vakakunda vanhu uye zvisingaverengeki mapoka varanda. Hazvishamisi kuti vanaFarao nezvaaigona kuvaka mari, akakura kunyange mitemo vanhasi. Uye mari, uye basa raiva zhinji.

Stone Makoronike pamahombekombe aNairi

Ndokumisapo Amoni temberi Karnak pakati XVI pamusoro XI remakore BC. e., zvose vanaFarao aitonga ichi remakore, vakaedza kuchengeta mazita avo mariri, ukaramba ndangariro kwayo. Thutmoses I, semuenzaniso, hwakawanda shongwe yakavakwa uye mifananidzo, unoratidza izvozvo nemufananidzo mwari Osiris. Handina kutambura nomwero uye muzukuru wake Tuthmosis III, akavaka anonzi Hall of muNhoroondo, masvingo zvakanga zvakavezwa nyaya nemauto ake kukunda chinopenya rakawandisa. Naiyewo akarumbidza ake kukunda muAsia, yakavakwa kuchamhembe chikamu zvakaoma wetemberi mwarikadzi hondo Sekhmet.

Zvinhu paupenyu vanaFarao akafukidza mbiru vakawanda kuti vashongedze temberi Amon Ra kuKarnak. Nhoroondo zvakatevedzana emakore upenyu Ancient Egypt, akachengetedzwa ari yenhau padombo. Kuwedzera nyika vatongi kuti vavanotonga kugara chinokosha nzvimbo vapristi, ane simba uye kukosha muupenyu paruzhinji yakawedzera pakuwedzerwa zvakaoma.

Kubatsira dzidzo

Zvinofadza chaizvo panyaya iyi yezvechitendero dzematunhu rinotaura sei mupristi akamboda kurwisana simba pamwe Farao pachake. Akabudirira saka pabasa rake kuti vatongi vakanga zvakakomba kutya yokurasikirwa choushe. Kwete kuda pangozi, akarayira varwi kubvuta mupristi somutengesi uye kupa rufu.

Asi sezvineiwo, varindi youmambo akazviratidza patemberi pazuva neawa apo kwezuva rakanga richiuya, iyo mupristi aiziva nekuti akanga, kufanana navo ake ose, rakaisvonaka muongorori wenyeredzi. Mushure achifumira panguva yakakodzera pachidziro chetemberi, akavaka maoko ake kudenga, uye pamberi pavose akarayira zuva kutizira ari kwakatevedzana rima yanyangarika vavengi vake vose. Zviri nyore kufungidzira maitiro vateereri apo panogasa kwamashoko ake, nyika akafukidza rima. The upshot rakanga kuti chinoziva mupristi akatora nzvimbo Farao, uyo akaurayiwa pazuva Ruzhinji behest ake.

VanaFarao - vavaki yetemberi

Temple waAmoni kuKarnak akanga yekudyidzana akawedzera XIII remakore BC. e. vavaki vayo Farao akatanga mune iyi Seti I uye mwanakomana wake Ramesses II, mabasa avo akawana musoro Great. Vakavaka temberi munharaunda Hypostyle horo kuti anogona kufadza pamwe saizi yayo, kwete chete vagari vekare, asi venguva yedu. On nzvimbo mativi mamita zviuru zvishanu gumi mitsara rimwe namakumi matatu mana mbiru kunge yakaiswa, akafukidza pamahwendefa egoridhe.

Zvekufamba Mambokadzi Hatshepsut

Muzana XV remakore BC. e. temberi yamwari Amoni kuKarnak yekudyidzana vaisanganisa hadzi Farao Hatshepsut ainzi. Kuramba basa baba vake, Thutmose II, iye akavaka mairi anoverengeka pylons - resuwo mu chimiro truncated chepiramidhi, izvozvo yakawedzera kusvika hafu Mut Temple uye akavaka vakaparadzana tsvene ngarava vokudenga yaAmun Ra, akazonzi Red Orchestra. Pamasvingo chivakwa ichi, chakavakwa kuti vatema uye tsvuku girenayiti, Yakacherwa vatenzi zvekare zvave pachimiro chake kugadzwa.

Zvisinei, tsvene iyi haana kurarama kusvikira nhasi. Kwapera A remakore yakaparadzwa mumwe mutongi weIjipiti - Amenhotep III. Granite inoperera, icho rinoumbwa, kushandiswa senzvimbo chivakwa mashoko pakuvaka vamwe hurongwa. Chete pave paya, vanonzi ndero nguva apo Aleksandre Makedonskom tsvene vakanga anosikwa asi yekudyidzana akachinjwa chimiro.

Panguva yaitonga Hatshepsut Temple waAmoni Ra kuKarnak akanga akashonga ina monolithic ibwe shongwe - guru aripo panguva iyoyo muIjipiti. Mumwe wavo akapona kusvikira mazuva edu. Yakacherwa kubva tsvuku girenayiti, wasvika pane nekukwirira matatu mamita.

Mumakore iwayo chete, mambokadzi paaigadzirira yakarova nyika ine mamiriro kukuru. Kwakatanga kugadzirwa imwe monolith, chikuru munhoroondo yeIjipiti yekare. Sezvo nemimba vakatanga, aifanira vanokwira pamusoro penyika kuti makumi mana chete mita nokuyera matani kwete asingasviki zviuru mazana maviri. Asi ichi basa nezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana havana yapera.

Humwe kuvaka zvakaoma

At panosangana XIV uye XIII emakore BC. e., vane pa Farao Horemheb, vakamiswa mamwe pylons matatu uye paiva yakakurumbira tikaenda kunoita sphinxes. Vatongi rinotevera hwedzinza Dzaishandawo zvakaoma. Temberi Amoni kuKarnak, zvakabatana pamwechete mugwagwa rwaNire, kumativi zvose zvakanga yakaiswa ramheaded sphinxes. On kembasi vakavaka mumwe muvharanda, pylon itsva mbiri, uye kuti top zvose hwakagadzwa pachavo akakura yakanyungudutswa.

New munamato Amoni

Nokufamba kwenguva, kunamatwa yaAmun akawana kuti hunhu chitendero National. gore rose August, kana paine mafashamo murwizi, rekunamata yake kwazvo kunze kwetemberi uye nzira pakati sphinxes achiperekedzwa yakazara nevanhu nomudungwe vakaendeswa Luxor, apo mwari ari yoku- pamwe nenyika, akararamazve pashure pemwedzi kwemvura.

Pano Farao akazvisimbisa mumunyengetero, yakanyorerwa vamwari, uye kunyanya kune mukuru Amoni Ra, vakatsvaka makomborero avo mugore idzva. Apedza kunyengetera, akaenda kuvanhu, achizadza nharaunda yose yakabatana kutemberi, uye akatarisana rwaNire, vose vakaimba rwiyo rwokurumbidza rwizi, saka norupo izlivshey mvura yavo zuva-ichiri Karnak.

Kukwezva Egipita - Temple of yaAmun Ra

Asi emakore apfuura uye nyika yachinja chiso wayo. Gone vari veIjipiti yekare, asi akaramba pasi inopisa African zuva monument iyoyo nokungwarira nayo akachengetedzwa zvizvarwa vavaki zvavo. Muna 1979, ivo UNESCO World Heritage Pamazita vakauya uye Karnak Temple (Amoni Ra). Description, nhoroondo uye nhasi ichi rakasiyana marongerwo vauya pasi pedyo kuongororwa zvenyika munharaunda, uye gore negore chinokwezva zviuru zvevashanyi. Hazvishamisi, mari kunotangira hurumende yavo, chinhu chinokosha bhajeti.

Uye kunyange kwemazana emakore akawanda, pakati pezvimwe Antiquities weIjipiti rakaparadzwa uye Temberi mwari Amoni kuKarnak, wongororo vanoshanyira dzinoratidza ake kuti kunyange matongo, iye chinokushamisa wayo UKURU. On the Websites okufamba makambani kupa Tours kuIjipiti, kwaakanga ari ichi nyika inoshamisa kuti zvavakasangana nazvo, kunokonzeresa pane uchapupu pakuyemura kwakakonzerwa inoshamisa yakadaro marongerwo uye guru basa rave akapedza yawo kuvakwa.

Ko chinhu vanoshamisika kuti temberi iyi zvakaoma chimwe chezvinhu akakurumbira nzvimbo dzokugara nhasi. Kashoma kwese munyika anogona kuwanika kunyange guru, asi achiri vakanovharirwa nzvimbo yakadaro zvakawanda munhoroondo pazvivako, izvo vanoparadzaniswa mumwe panguva zvakasikwa kuti vakawanda emakore. Mukuwedzera, mumakore achangobva kupfuura mundima yayo dzinoitwa mazuva ose chikuru chokuratidza, kusanganisira chiedza uye ruzha zvinokonzerwa, uye kurondedzera nyaya temberi. Izvi zvose zvinoita kuti kushanya kwake outsinye dzinonakidza uye chisingakanganwiki.