The Golden Ratio - a ... yendarama chikamu mapiramidhi. The yokuita yendarama chikamu

Geometry - namazvo uye yakaoma nesayenzi kuti kana zvose izvi iri mhando ounyanzvi. Line, Ndege, kukura - izvi zvose zvinobatsira kuumba zvakawanda chaizvo zvinoshamisa. Uye oddly zvakakwana, izvi inobva geometry chacho zvakasiyana-siyana ayo. Munyaya ino tichakurukura chimwe chinhu kujairika, icho chokuita nayo. Gold chikamu - ichi ndicho geometric nzira, iyo dzichakurukurwa.

Maumbirwe chinhu yayo maonero

Users vanotungamirirwa kunyanya pamusoro pezvakaita chinhu kuti vasingazvioni pakati mamiriyoni evamwe. Kuti chimiro isu kusarudza chii kuti chinhu chiri mberi kwedu kana anomira kure. kutanga isu pakuziva vanhu pamuviri chimiro uye chiso. Naizvozvo, tinogona vanoti nechivimbo kuti chimiro pacharo, ukuru hwaro uye mhando - chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha zvinhu omunhu maonero.

Nokuti vanhu vanoumba zvimwe zviri afarire zvikonzero zvikuru zviviri: kana iri kuitwa zvinosiyana upenyu, kana zvikasadaro inonzi aesthetic mufaro kubva runako. Yakanakisisa chinooneka maonero uye pfungwa kuwirirana uye runako kazhinji anouya apo munhu anoona chimiro kushandiswa pakuvaka rimwe symmetry uye ukama chaihwo, unonzi yendarama reshiyo.

Pfungwa yendarama chikamu

Saka, yendarama chikamu - yendarama zvinoreva riri ane harmonic kupesana. Kuti kutsanangura izvi zvakanyatsojeka, funga zvimwe kunyanya chimiro. Kureva chimiro chinhu wose, zvakanaka uye rose, akavapindurawo, nguva dzose une anoverengeka zvikamu. zvikamu izvi vanowanzova unhu hwakasiyana, dzinenge inosiyana. Asi miganhu zvakadaro nguva dzose mune imwe reshiyo, zvose pakati pavo uye chokuita rose.

Saka, mune mamwe manzwi, tinogona kutaura kuti yegoridhe reshiyo - nhamba kwazvo maviri, ine yayo payakavakirwa. Kushandisa reshiyo ichi kuti pave siyana zvinobatsira kuti akanaka uye rinopindirana kuvanhu ziso.

Kubva kare nhoroondo yendarama chikamu

Nhamba yegoridhe chikamu rinowanzoshandiswa dzakawanda dzakasiyana muupenyu nhasi. Asi nhoroondo izwi anodzokera dzekare apo sayenzi mucheche zvakadai masvomhu uye uzivi. Sezvo esayenzi pfungwa yegoridhe chikamu akapinda kushandiswa panguva Achibvuma pfungwa yaPythagoras, kureva muna VI remakore BC. Asi kunyange vasati ruzivo reshiyo kwakadaro, mune tsika, kushandiswa muIjipiti yekare uye Bhabhironi. A unoshamisa hweizvi ndiyo mapiramidhi, izvo zvaishandiswa kuvaka chete yendarama zvinoenderana yakadaro.

mutsva kumwedzi

The Renaissance aiva mweya mutsva nokuda harmonic kupesana, kunyanya nemhaka Leonardo da Vinci. ukama iri kuramba vakatanga kushandisa sayenzi rakaoma, akadai geometry, uyewo mune art. Masayendisiti uye vemifananidzo vave zvikuru kudzidza yendarama chikamu nokusika mabhuku atarise nyaya iyi.

Chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha munhoroondo mabasa chokuita yendarama reshiyo, - bhuku Luke Pancholi rinonzi "zvinoenderana naMwari". Vezvenhau vakafungidzira kuti mifananidzo mubhuku rino zvakaitwa Leonardo da Vinci.

The kwemasvomhu kuratidzwa yendarama reshiyo

Masvomhu anopa tsanangudzo yakajeka zvikuru kuti zvinoenderana, iyo rinoti wakaenzana ratios maviri. Mathematically, ichi chinogona kutaurwa mukana wokuti vanhu vanga ichi: a: b = munhu: D, apo munhu, B, C, D - ndiyo imwe ukoshi.

Kana tikafunga nhamba yacho chidimbu, muzvikamu zviviri, unogona kusangana nemamiriro ezvinhu mashomanana:

• The chidimbu iri huviri zvachose kuenzana zvikamu, uye saka AB: AC = AB: BC, kana AB - iyi ndiyo mavambo chaiwo uye kuguma chidimbu, uye C - pfungwa, izvo rwokuyera chidimbu munzvimbo mbiri dzakaenzana zvikamu.
• The chidimbu iri huviri dzisakarurama zvikamu, zvinogona kuva akasiyana zvikuru kune mumwe, zvinoreva kuti ivo ndivo zvachose kunze zvinoenderana.
• The chidimbu yakakamurwa kuitira kuti AB: AC = AC: Svondo

Kana yendarama chikamu, zviri Proportional kuti urefu weboka kupinda dzisakarurama zvikamu pachavo, apo rose chidimbu zvinoreva kworutivi, sezvo huru kwazvo chikamu rinoreva diki chete. Pane imwe Pfungwa: chidimbu chiduku rinoreva saka guru sezvo chikuru rose chidimbu. In kwemasvomhu mazwi zviri sezvinotevera: a: b = B: munenge kana d: b = B: a. Zvinokosha nzira yokuita yegoridhe chikamu mhando iyi.

The Golden Ratio muna Nature

Golden chikamu, mienzaniso yatiri funga zvino anorondedzera kuti incredible chakajairika hwezvisikwa. Uyu ndiwo muenzaniso chii pamasvomhu yakanaka chaizvo - hazvina chete nhamba uye Masvomhu, uye sainzi, ine kupfuura kuratidzwa chaicho rezvakasikwa uye hwedu zvavo.

Nokuti zvipenyu mumwe zvikuru mabasa oupenyu - ndiko kukura. chido kwakadaro kutora nzvimbo yavo muchadenga, chokwadi, kuitwa dzakawanda - kuwedzera kumusoro zvinenge chinjikira kupararira pamwe pasi kana cockling pane zvimwe rutsigiro. Uye zvisinei kuti hazvidaviriki, zvirimwa zvakawanda kukura maererano yendarama reshiyo.

Mumwe anenge incredible chokwadi - ndiyo nhamba muviri madzvinyu. muviri wavo vanotarisa chaizvo zvinofadza munhu ziso, uye zvinokwanisika kunokwana yendarama reshiyo. Kuti tive kunyatsoenderana, avo muswe urefu rinoreva kureba muviri wose ari 62: 38.

Interesting zvinhu pamusoro mitemo yendarama chikamu

Gold chikamu - izvi zvechokwadi Zvaifadza pfungwa, izvo zvinoreva kuti munhoroondo tinogona kusangana yakawanda here dzinonakidza zvinhu pamusoro chete zvinoenderana. We anokuisai vamwe vavo;

• Yendarama reshiyo uchipinda kushandiswa pakuvaka mapiramidhi. Somuenzaniso, nyika yakakurumbira Tutankhamun uye Cheops yakavakwa vachishandisa ukama hwakadaro. Uye chikamu yendarama pamusoro chepiramidhi yasara haanzwisisiki, nekuti kusvikira zuva rino haazivi zvachero kana zvakananga vakasarudzwa kukura zvakadaro nezvigadziko zvadzo uye dzakakwirira.
• Pokutonga yendarama chikamu chiri pachena kuoneka France of Parthenon - mumwe zvivako zvikuru akanaka mavakirwo Greece yekare.
• Izvi zvinoshandawo pakuvaka Cathedral of Notre Dame (Notre-Dame de Paris), haisi pamadziro, asi zvimwe zvikamu nemamiriro yakaitwa pachishandiswa ichi incredible zvinoenderana.
• The Russian akitekicha inogona kuwanikwa mienzaniso yakawanda zvivako hazvidaviriki, zvizere zvaidiwa yendarama chikamu.
• Anobvumirana kupesana uyewo kuri kuti muviri womunhu, uye saka chivezwa, zvikurukuru mifananidzo yevanhu. Akadai Apollon Belvedersky - chifananidzo, apo kureba achiine rukuvhute mutsetse inokamukana mune yendarama chikamu.
• Painting - zvakasiyana nyaya, kunyanya kana iwe funga basa Leonardo da Vinci munhoroondo yendarama reshiyo. Mona yake yakakurumbira Lisa, Chokwadi, zviri pasi mutemo uyu.

Golden Section mumuviri womunhu

Muchikamu chino, tinofanira kutaura inokosha zvikuru munhu - kureva S. Zeising. Mumwe mutsvakurudzi German uyo akaita basa guru mumunda kudzidza yendarama reshiyo. Iye akabudisa basa rakanzi "Aesthetic Studies". In basa rake akauyawo chikamu rendarama sezvo semhedziso pfungwa kuti yezvisikwa zvose zvakavapo zvose zvakasikwa uye ari art. Pano tinogona kuyeuka chendarama chikamu mapiramidhi pamwe rinopindirana inorwara muviri womunhu uye zvichingodaro.

It Zeising anogona kuratidza kuti chendarama reshiyo Chokwadi, tine avhareji mutemo Statistical kuti muviri womunhu. Izvi zvakaratidzwa muna tsika, nekuti panguva basa rake aifanira kuyera yakawanda miviri yevanhu. Vanyori venhau dzakaitika vanofungidzira kuti vanhu vanopfuura zviuru zviviri akatora mugove chiedzwa ichi. Maererano kudzidza Zeising, chikuru chinoratidza yegoridhe reshiyo - kupesana muviri pfungwa yacho guvhu. Saka, mukono muviri neavhareji nhamba 13: 8 ikakuruma pedyo chikamu chendarama pane nehadzi, sezvamakaropafadzwa nhamba yendarama chikamu chiri 8: 5. Uyewo, kuwanda goridhe kunogona kuonekwa mune dzimwe nhengo dzomuviri, akadai Somuenzaniso, ruoko.

On pakuvaka yendarama chikamu

Kutaura zvazviri, kuvakwa yendarama chikamu - iri nyore. Sezvo tinogona kuona, vekare vanhu kurarama nayo zvikuru nyore. Chii kutaura ruzivo rwokugadzira vanhu. Munyaya ino, hatisi kuratidza sei izvi zvinogona kuitwa nokungoona kapepa uye penzura muruoko, asi hazvina kutaura kuti izvi, chokwadi, zvinobvira. Uyezve, anogona kuitwa kupfuura imwe nzira.

Sezvo iri zvakanaka nyore geometry, yendarama reshiyo iri kumbonyanya nyore kuvaka, kunyange kuchikoro. Saka, mashoko anogona kuva nyore kuwanikwa mumabhuku kushandiswa. Kudzidza yendarama chikamu 6 kirasi anokwanisa zvizere kunzwisisa misimboti kwayo kuvakwa, izvo zvinoreva kuti kunyange vana vari akangwara zvokuti tenzi basa rakadaro.

Golden chikamu mu masvomhu

The kuziva yokutanga chikamu yendarama iri tsika kunotanga nyore panoparadzana mutsetse chidimbu vose zvakafanana kukura. Kakawanda izvi zvinoitwa pamwechete nomubati, kambasi uye Chokwadi, penzura.

The zvikamu zviri yendarama reshiyo akaratidza sezvo parinogumira safunga chakapatsanurwa kwavatumwa = 0.618 ..., kana AB rakundwa sezvo chikwata, SHINGAIRA = 0,382 ... Kuti Masvomhu izvi zvikuru zvinoshanda, dzinowanzotaura harisi chairo, asi fungidzira tsika, zvinoti - 0 62 uye 0.38. Kana chidimbu AB chinobviswa sezvo zvikamu 100, vakawanda zvichava akaenzana 62, zvakanaka, duku - 38 muzvikamu, ukuwo.

The chikuru pfuma yendarama reshiyo ungaratidzwa mukana wokuti vanhu vanga: x ² -x 1 = 0. In nekugadzirisa tinowana zvinotevera midzi: x = _1,2. Kunyange zvazvo pamasvomhu yakarurama uye zvakaoma nesayenzi, uyewo yaro chikamu - the geometry, asi kuti ehupfumi dzakadai yendarama reshiyo mapatani, kumbira chakavanzika nezvazvo.

Harmony ari unyanzvi kuburikidza yendarama chikamu

Aunganidze pamwe, ngatikurukurei zvishoma zviri kare.

Zvikurukuru, pasi pokutonga yendarama reshiyo riri pasi mienzaniso yakawanda uri, apo dzakaona reshiyo pedyo 3/8 uye 5/8. Uyu ine payakavakirwa rwemabhera chikamu. Nyaya kare inotaurwa zvakawanda mienzaniso kushandisa muchinjikwa chikamu, asi kamwe zvakare isu kuzvitarisa kuburikidza prism vekare uye vemazuva nounyanzvi. Saka, vakawanda unoshamisa mienzaniso yekare:

• Golden Section Pyramids pamusoro Cheops uye Tutankhamun kunoratidzwa kwose kwose: temberi, Bhanabhasi-reliefs, zvemumba uye, chokwadi, iko kushongedzwa makuva chaizvo.
• Temberi Seti I muna Abydos nomukurumbira reliefs nemifananidzo siyana, zvose izvo dzinoenderana zvose murayiro iwoyo.

Kana zvichida kare vanoziva kushandisa zvinoenderana, ipapo, kubvira panguva Leonardo da Vinci, izvozvo wakapinda kushandiswa anenge sectors zvose zvoupenyu - kubva sayenzi uye unyanzvi. Kunyange biology uye mushonga kunge nekusimba kuti yendarama reshiyo anoshanda kunyange zvipenyu hurongwa uye zvinenge.