The mukumukira muna Warsaw cram: nhoroondo, unhu, zvinokonzerwa, uye zvinonakidza zvinhu

Holocaust - mumwe yakaipisisa mapeji munhoroondo yacho XX remakore. Kuparadzwa vaJudha panguva Second World War - imwe hariperi nyaya. Her kazhinji yaibata vanyori firimu. From mafirimu nemabhuku Tinoziva pamusoro utsinye nevaNazi, avo vazhinji vakaurayiwa yevasungwa, gasi makamuri nezvimwe unhu pechiFascist muchina. Zvisinei, unofanira kuziva kuti vaJudha vakanga kwete chete vakaurayiwa SS, asiwo basa vechikamu mukurwisa navo. The mukumukira muna Warsaw cram - uchapupu.

The basa kwePoland

The mukumukira muna Warsaw cram - chikuru mharidzo vechiJudha vanhu pamusoro nevaNazi. VaNazi kudzvinyirira zvakanga zvakaoma kupfuura kukunda Poland. VokuGermany vakapinda nyika duku iri muna 1939, vakakwanisa kudzinga Red Army, makore mashanu chete gare gare. Mumakore ose basa, nyika chakarasikirwa vanenge makumi maviri muzana zvachose kwevanhu. Panguva imwe cheteyo munhu chinenge vakafa zvaisanganisira vakadzidza, vanachiremba pamatunhu zvinodiwa.

upenyu hwevanhu haritengeswi pasinei ndeye - kusvikira bhenga, muimbi kana Mason. Asi chinhu humanistic pfungwa maonero. Zvoupfumi - kufa zviuru zvakawanda vanachiremba uye vakawanda vavo vaiva vaJudha, akanga rinorema kurwadzisa kunyika kubva iyo akakwanisa kuwanazve chete makore gumi gare gare.

Mutemo kwevanhu

Isati yatanga hondo, vechiJudha muPoland yakasvika vanenge mamiriyoni matatu. In guru - vanenge zviuru zvina. Pakati pavo paiva Entrepreneurs uye vemifananidzo, vadzidzi nevadzidzisi, nemhizha uye mainjiniya. Vose kubva pamazuva neGermany rokutanga vaiva kodzero chete, kana panzvimbo kushayikwa kwayo.

VaNazi vakasuma akatevedzana Anti-vechiJudha "mitemo". Long livers kurambidzwa pakaziviswa pachena. Maererano naye, vaJudha vakanga vasina kodzero yokushandisa mabhazi, enda paruzhinji, kushanda ari dzakagadzirirwa, uye Chikurukuru, siya musha wako pasina kuzivikanwa chiratidzo - yero,-rwakavakwa matanhatu nyeredzi.

Aripo Anti-Semitism kwemazana emakore rave richiparadzirwa pakati Poles, uye saka tsitsi vaJudha haana zvakawanda. VaNazi uyewo kuramba chakasimudzira ruvengo manzwiro.

Mitanhatu pashure nechisimba muPoland akatanga paumbwe vanonzi kupatsanura varwere vematunhu, inobva penga mashoko pamusoro kupararira kwezvirwere zvinotapukira. Vatakuri chirwere, maererano vaNazi zvichipomerwa vaiva vaJudha. Ivo ndanogara kumativi kare inogarwa Poles. Kuwanda vaimbova Vagari chikamu ichi Warsaw akanga kanoverengeka isingasviki nhamba vatsva.

cram

It akasikwa mumatsutso 1940. A nharaunda chaiyo kudzivirirwa-mita matatu wall. Kutiza cram yaiva mhosva inotongerwa kusungwa pakutanga, uye zvino akapfura. Hupenyu Warsaw vaJudha akanga achiva ose zuva kuoma. Asi murume anobvamburwa rinoshandiswa zvose, kunyange noupenyu cram. Vanhu vakaedza, kure sezvinobvira, kurarama sezvinongoita. Entrepreneurial mweya kuri muna vamiririri vechiJudha vanhu, vakabatsira kuwanikwa mundima cram zviduku mabhizimisi, zvikoro, zvipatara. Vakawanda vaigara namahwindo mapazi kutenda zvakanakisisa, uye akapotsa hapana aiziva pamusoro pe kwaitika. Zvisinei, mamiriro ezvinhu akatonyanya uye sabvumika zvikuru.

Nhasi, pandaiona firimu kana kuverenga bhuku iri cram Jewish, achiziva nzira zviitiko, mumwe anogona kunetseka kuteerera kwevanhu. vanhu vanenge 500 zviuru, vasungwa vari ibwe masvingo uye kunyimwa zvinokosha muupenyu, yakapfuurira kurarama, zvingaita sokuti, uye kwete kufunga kurwa nokuda rusununguko rwavo. Asi zvakanga zvisiri nguva dzose.

Kuwanda vaJudha ose zuva kunoderedza. Vanhu vakafa nenzara uye nezvirwere. Kuuraya, kwete asi hombe, kwakaitika mumazuva basa yokutanga. Chete panguva 1941, vakauraya vanenge zana zviuru vaJudha. Asi mumwe nomumwe vakapukunyuka vakaramba kutenda kuti rufu hakusvikiri iye kana mhuri yake. Uye kuramba rugare, kwete zvehondo kuvapo. Kusvikira ipapo, kusvikira utungamiriri reNazi haana kutanga muchina kuti vakawanda kuparadzwa vaJudha. Zvino chiitiko chakaitika kuti akaburuka munhau sezvo Warsaw cram Mhirizhonga.

Treblinka

Makumi masere makiromita kumabvazuva guru Polish riri nzvimbo yainzi kusvikira pakutanga kweHondo Yenyika II munyika hapana aiziva. Treblinka - mukamba rufu, apo, maererano ine nokufungidzira, vakauraya vanhu vanenge zviuru zvisere. Kana kwete nokuti yemuna muna Warsaw cram, nhamba yaizova zvaizova zvakawanda. Resisters rufu vaisapemberera akapfuura. Asi, zvinosuruvarisa vakawanda vakafa muhondo mumigwagwa guru wePolish. The kumukira kwevaJudha vari Warsaw cram - muenzaniso zvinoshamisa heroism.

Ndizvo pakanyorwa Warsaw cram yemuna muna 1943. Asi mubvunzo unomuka. vasungwa sei ndaneta vaigona kundorwa nevaNazi? Apo vaiva pfuti? Uye sei ari cram leaked mashoko nezvokuvapo kwemisasa nezvokuzviuraya?

chakavanzika sangano

Kubvira 1940, shamwari akawanda enyika kuita pamusoro munharaunda cram. Discussions nezvokukosha kundorwa vaNazi kuitwa kubvira 1940, asi haana kuita musoro pasina zvombo zvakakwana. The pfuti rokutanga namahwindo nharaunda yakanga mumaoko matsutso 1942. Panenge panguva iyoyo uye akamisa Jewish Fighting Organization kuti, kuti agare achitaura mapato, vadzidzi zvakanga kunze cram.

The mukumukira muna Warsaw cram

Date of chiitiko - April 19, 1943. Vapanduki vakanga 1500. The vokuGermany vakanga mberi napasuo huru, asi cram vagari akavakwazisa nomoto. Vanotyisa kurwa aitambudza kwerinenge mwedzi. Zuva Mhirizhonga muna Warsaw cram nokusingaperi raiva zuva kuyeuka vapanduki dzakashinga, zvombo zvakanga kunyora nezvavo. Nemishonga nhengo asina mukana kuhwinha. Asi kunyange ipapo, kana cram rakaparadzwa zvachose, mamwe mapoka vakaramba kurwa. Panguva Kurwa vakauraya zvuru zvinomwe vapanduki. Anenge sezvo vazhinji vakapisa vapenyu.

Kwebope ari cram vakava National magamba vaIsraeri. In guru wePolish muna 1948, shongwe varwi vakafa.