The musayendisiti Charles Darwin: a Biography, dzidziso uye zvakawanikwa. Charles Darwin: pfupi Biography

Charles Darwin - chimwe chezvinhu ichiita mabasa akawanda Vatsvakurudzi munhoroondo yevanhu. Zvakasikwa, mufambi, munyori dzidziso yokushanduka-shanduka - ndicho chikamu chiduku pamabasa ake guru uye dhigirii.

Uduku uye kuyaruka

Brief Biography pakati Darwin haritsananguri Tichitarisa mupiro musayendisiti kukura disiplin ano, asi kuchitanga muna 1809

Akaberekwa nyanzvi regumi namaviri February muna Chirungu mhuri yakakura mune Shrewsbury, Shropshire.

Maererano data, izvo akasiya Darwin Biography inoshuma kuti baba vomukomana akanga achiparidza mari. Uyewo, akanga ari chiremba akabudirira. Chiito Robert Darwin anobvumira mhuri kurarama zvakanaka. Zvadaro, baba ndaidada kuti mwanakomana wake - Charles Darwin. Brief Biography pamusoro musayendisiti kunoratidza kuti baba nomwanakomana zvose hwake kutsigira mumwe.

mai Mukomana wacho akasiya ino muna 1817, uye yakaramba mashoko zvishomanana.

Brief Biography kuti Darwin anotiudza kuti sekuru vake Charles Erasmus, aiva chiremba, muzivi, munyori. Kazhinji, zvose vemumhuri vaiva vanhu vane yakakwirira azvipire uchenjeri uye tsika.

Imhandoi dzidzo vakagamuchira Darwin? Biography anotiudza kuti muna 1817 akatanga kosi kuchikoro yomunzvimbo zuva, uye rimwe gore papera hwakatamisirwa yeAnglican.

Young Charles akanga chaizvo kwete mwana benzi. Asi panguva imwe chete pachikoro handina kufanana kudzidza uye funga zvezvaidzidziswa zvikuru hakunakidzi.

In vakasununguka dzavo nguva vaifarira kuunganidza uye kudzidza tumbuyu, anoshongwa uye kujairika namabwe. Akarinda dzinongoitika pezvakaitwa - maruva pamiti, pamusoro penzizi, mhepo negwara. Aifarira kuvhima uye kuredza hove.

Charles Darwin. Brief Biography. yunivhesiti dzidzo

Muna 1825, baba vake akateerera chikumbiro nemwanakomana wake uye akamuendesa kuti kudzidza paYunivhesiti Edinburgh. Robert aida kuona mukomana mutsivi zvokurapa dzinza.

Kunyanya yakawanda nguva inopedzerwa pakudzidza zvipenyu, zvikurukuru, zvomumvura invertebrates, algae. Aifarira taxidermy, rwokuzvarwa nhoroondo uye zvemaumbirwo. Akatora Zvinoshingaira ari mabasa University Museum, apo Europe guru muunganidzwa zvinomera ikaunganidzwa.

Pashure "zvakaipisisa hakunakidzi" Makore maviri dzidzo iye scored kudzidziswa.

Panguva Achikurudzirwa wababa akatsamwa anosarudza kutamira weVadzidzisi Vedare of Theology muna Cambridge, apo vadzidzisi achakwanisa kuziva zita, ipapo zvakazunungusa yose - Charles Darwin. Biography anotaura kuti wacho nokungwarira kuverenga mabhuku nekereke rubvumo. Avimbiswa nomumwe chete mudzidzisi nomutauro wake Shrewsbury.

It anozarura chitsauko itsva hwake, Darwin. Biography iyi nguva muupenyu musayendisiti mukuru inotaura: pakarepo mushure Christmas mazororo muna 1828, iye vakabudirira vakapfuura napo bvunzo.

Makore kurovedza rangarira Zvidzidzo zviri mabhiza, kuvhima, kuunganidza zvipembenene, kudzidza mabhuku, masvomhu, wefizikisi uye jogirafi.

Akapedza kudzidza dzidzo 1831. Pasinei nokuti kubudirira zvikuru patinenge haana kuvhenekera, ruzivo urwu akwanise Darwin kuva mazita gumi yakanakisisa vacho.

Ndapedza, akatonyanya chokwadi chokwadi nedzidziso dzechiKristu.

Charles Darwin: pfupi Biography. zvoga mabasa

Mugore haana-kupedza kutsvaka kuziva dzingangoitika musayendisiti Aingoziva yakakurumbira nyanzvi Dzhonom Henslou, uyo akagamuchira kudzidza pane chikwata vaongorori zviriko South America mune "Beagle". Zvadaro, musayendisiti inozvikudza akafara chaizvo kuti chikwata akapinda Darwin. Biography, akadzidza kwazvo dzakaitika nemasayendisiti, rinosimbisa mashoko aya.

Baba Charles rukavhundusa rwendo, achifunga izvozvo kutambisa nguva. Chete kuburikidza kupindira sekuru vake, Josiya Wedgwood II, Robert Darwin akapa uye akapa okuonekana achikomborera mwanakomana wake.

Cherwendo gore mashanu kupfuura chikwata vakaenda kuPeru, Argentina, Chile, Brazil, Europe, Australia, Africa.

On ari Galapagos Islands aiongorora mockingbirds kufarira, idzo siyanei avo akawanikwa muEngland. Vakadzidza nenjiva, mhando iyo akasiyana kunyange pazvitsuwa pedyo.

Musayendisiti kufarira kudzidza yomunharaunda yacho, kasvisto uye miti nemhuka zvakazonaka. Mugumisiro rwendo akava muunganidzwa pamatombo, zvicherwa, miriwo, mhuka stuffed uye shiri hombe. Vakaitwa inotsanangura nechitarisiko uye anatomi pamusoro invertebrates zhinji.

All zvakawanika zvakanyorwa mune dhayari, iyo Charles uye aivimba paainyora tsvakurudzo mapepa anotevera makumi maviri apfuura. Studies akabudiswa pasi rokuti "Travel munyika mune" Beagle ". The musayendisiti akagamuchira mukurumbira munyika mune zvesayenzi kwezvakatipoteredza, uyewo vanhuwo zvavo.

Mukuwedzera Charles akaumba munhu kudanwa uye chinangwa muupenyu - Darwin havana kuona upenyu pasina nesayenzi.

mabasa nesayenzi

The-Gore mashanu rwendo Darwin akakurira musayendisiti. Biography anoshuma kuti yangopedzwa, Charles vakatamira Cambridge. Asi nokukurumidza kuLondon, apo achipinda nzanga masayendisiti, izvo kazhinji chine mu mashanu akatevera.

Iyi kwakaratidzwa kugadzikana upenyu Charles, kuzvibatsira - yakanyorwa mabasa dzinokosha, kunze kwemaawa akawanda vaitirane nharo. Nokuti rudo shingirira kutsvaka uchapupu pfungwa uye pfungwa nevatsvakurudzi kusarudza chikuru munyori nzanga Vanodzidza.

Havi chinja

Kurarama guta guru, vachiwedzera kufurira pamusoro musayendisiti. A muviri kwakaipa kutsungirira kurwisa zvirwere.

Muna 1839 akaroora Emma Vedzhvud uye muna 1842 vakatamira wemunda vawana "Dawn."

Zvadaro, mudzimai ichabudisa gumi Darwin vana.

Kure kumhanya-mhanya muguta, Charles aigona kuzvipira zvinhu ake - pakufamba, hove, kuvhima, muzvarirwo akataririra,

nhaka Solid uye mari kubva mumabhuku akanyorwa kubvumira kuti vanoshamba kupinda chaanofarira zvinhu.

Muna 1842, zvakanyorwa nokuda Darwin basa "Zoologie kufamba pamusoro" Beagle ".

Revolutionary panguva bhuku "The Origin of Species Achishandisa Natural Selection" yakabudiswa muna 1859.

Kunopesana munyori vasingabvumirani yaigamuchirwa mafungiro munharaunda, ine zvakanyorwa muBhaibheri pamusoro sei zvikaitika. Zvekufamba zvinotsanangurwa zvizere sei uchifanira kufunga mukana mamiriyoni makore vakazvimirira kugadzira zvakasikwa - zvinomera, mhuka, vanhu. Zvadaro, dzidziso ainzi mushure aiongorora - ". YaDarwin"

Pfungwa raitsigirwa nokunyatsoongorora kuwana mukufamba kwenguva refu zvaanorumbidza mashoko. "YaDarwin" akava akakurumbira kwazvo uye, pasinei chigumbuso, akauya yakanaka purofiti musayendisiti.

Dzimwe mabasa uye mabasa

Muna 1862 akabudisa bhuku "Pollination pamusoro orkideat", ipapo - "scrambles zvinomera" uye "zvirimwa Mbeswa".

Muna 1868 - kuenderera "The Origin of Species ..." - ". Kuchinja pezvipfuwo uye anorimwa zvirimwa"

Muna 1871, nyika akaona bhuku "The anoburukira Man uye zvepabonde vakasarudzwa".

Uye muna 1872 - "Chiratidzo of Manzwiro muna Man uye Animals," umo masayendisiti kuongorora kwakabva murume kubva madzitateguru apelike.

Chokwadi, havana yakakurumbira zvakadaro, asi zvichaita kubvumira masayendisiti kugamuchira nomukurumbira mibayiro akawanda, pakati pavo - Kopleevskaya goridhe menduru kubva Royal munharaunda.

Mumakore akatevera, akanga akaita honorary Dhokotera Science Breslau, Bonn, weLeiden University, uyewo runoenzanirana nhengo St. Petersburg Academy.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti Chechi yeOrthodox yomuRussia haadi kugunun'una pamusoro mabasa musayendisiti uye akaedza zvakaoma blacken naye. On kuzvidavirira ndaifanira kumira vamiririri akawanda intelligentsia. Aleksey Konstantinovich NdiTolstoy nokushingaira akadzivirira chii akatenda musayendisiti. Biography inosimbisa date izvi.

ndangariro

The akakurumbira musayendisiti rabva nyika yedu navapfumbamwe April 1882 ava nemakore makumi manomwe-makore matatu.

Pasinei pose mukurumbira raizoguma achayeuka iye somunhu munyoro, ushamwari, ane hanya. Darwin, uyo Biography anodzidzwa mu Africa zvose ano uye akavigwa Westminster Abbey, pedyo Isaaka Nyutona.

mhedziso

Charlz Darvin akava pakati dzepamusorosoro masayendisiti nguva dzose. basa rake, achiratidza kwakabva zvipenyu zvinhu kubva kuzitateguru ndiyo nheyo ano shanduka kwetunhu, zvipenyu, uye genetics.

Director Jon Amiel akanga filmed pfupi autobiography Darwin - firimu muna 2009, "The Origin of Species."

Kuzivikanwa somumwe dzepamusorosoro Britons nguva dzose.