The nechando tembiricha mvura - ???

Mvura ... zvakadini shoko iri. Dzimwe nguva zvokuti ndinoda kuvandudza saizvozvi mudetembi! Zvechokwadi, mvura - kureva upenyu. Mashoko aya ichokwadi kuti vagere penyanza pamhenderekedzo, uye kuti vanogara mugwenga. Properties dzemvura pamusoro pezviuru zvemakore kuvapo sayenzi Akaongorora kureba uye upamhi. Zvaizoratidza sokuti hapana chakasara isingazivikanwi, asi ... ngatimutengesei kukurira izvi, kufanana, nyore sarudzo sezvo nechando achitandadza mvura.

Munhu wose anoziva kuti kubika pfungwa uye oma pfungwa mvura vari pfungwa dzinokosha vakasarudzwa muna 1742 nenzira Anders Celsius rokusika tembiricha pachako pamwero yenyu, vakazobvumirana munyika dzakawanda munyika. Asi pane nguva dzose mvura mamota dzimwe madhigirii zana yaita chando pa razero? Kwete, kwete nguva dzose. Kune parameters dzakawanda kuti anogona kuchinja nhamba idzi. Ngatitange kubva pakutanga.

Chekutanga, nechando chemvura pfungwa mvura razero madhigirii chete panguva dzose mumhepo kumanikidzwa, iro rakatora kumanikidzwa ari mazana manomwe namakumi matanhatu millimeters ose nemekiyuri. By achideredza nechando tembiricha mvura kufurirwa kunowedzera, uye kubika tembiricha - ipfupi. Kana kumanikidzwa - zvose chaizvo zvakasiyana.

Chechipiri, yakakwirira kuwanda munyu kunoita mvura yakawanda "nemishonga" kune chando. The nechando pfungwa munyu mvura mumakungwa uye makungwa - kumativi maviri madhigirii pazasi razero Celsius. Vaya gungwa apo salinity kupfuura avhareji -oma pamusangano tembiricha achiri yakaderera.

Zviri yaizivikanwa mvura dzinongoitika - heterogeneous fuma. Hongu weshumba mugove (kupfuura makumi mapfumbamwe nemapfumbamwe kubva muzana) emvura inowira makemikari kwemarudzi iyo runotaurwa H2O zvaaitaura. Asi pane chikamu rwokuzvarwa mvura vanonzi "inorema" mvura zvakare, uye kunyange "super-inorema". Muchiitiko chokutanga, mvura morekuru pachinzvimbo rehydrogen maatomu maviri varipo maatomu maviri ayo isotope deuterium kana yechipiri - tritium. Under kwomuzvarirwo ezvinhu, zviri deuterium uye tritium mumvura iri pasi kuva rwakashata zvazvinoita munhu kana mhuka. Asi wakachena deuterium rinoratidza yakaderera toxicity ehupfumi. Asi tritium, munhu radioactive fuma kunyange kuramba muchimiro chete ngozi. Asi, sezvinei, zvakasikwa zviri chete kuwanikwa dzakapfirirwa chimiro.

mvura Tritiated uye deuterium vane mumuviri uye zvemakemikari zvivako zvakasiyana zvatinosiita, mvura "yedu". Deuterium mvura yaita chando pa 3,81 Celsius (ari mumhepo kumanikidzwa) uye mamota pa 101,43 inegumi. In tritiated mvura, nhamba idzi akasiyana zvishoma, asi nechando zvokutosvika 1.25 uye achibika kudziya 101,6 Celsius.

Properties mvura, ichi raiita nyore namakemikari remubatanidzwa akadzidza ari kure wakakwana. Japanese Masaru akadzidza, akati, kunyange hurukuro mvura. Iye unotenda mvura kuti ikasakendenga mimhanzi uye simba kuri mumashoko. Uye kunyange katsamba! Izvi zvichipomerwa zvakanaka zvinoonekwa pashure kuoma nechando mvura chimiro zvichiguma crystals. Zvinofadza kuona kuti mashoko okuti "iwe benzi" uye vachiridza nziyo ari "weheavy metal" manyorero mvura ikasakendenga zvakafanana, asi mashoko "mazvita" iye ari chokuita dzakatevedzana mabasa nokuda harpsichord "Goldberg Variations" Ioganna Sebastyana Bach.