"The School veAteni": tsananguro Pamifananidzo. Rafael Santi, "The School veAteni"

Santi Rafaello akaberekwa pakutanga April 1483 nechepakati chikamu Italy. Kazhinji zita rake hwamanda rechiLatin nenzira sezvo Sanzio kana Santius. The Artist pachake, kuunza siginicha yake pamusoro mifananidzo, vakashandisa Latinized shanduro zita rake - Rafael. Pasi zita iri akava nomukurumbira munyika yose. dzaizorwiwa munyika yake tuore "The School veAteni" yaizivikanwa kunyange vaya vari kure kwazvo nyika ounyanzvi yakanaka.

Yokutanga Matanho ari unyanzvi

Kunyange kuva mwana Rafaello aiziva kuti zvaizova emhizha. kuedza ake rokutanga kupenda kwakaitika pasi kutungamirirwa baba vake - Giovanni Santi. Pamwe zvidzidzo tenzi mubereki ramangwana pakugona Nzira kuti kupenda muna Timoteo Viti - anozivikanwa mumazuva iwayo Umbrian Artist. Apo Santi Jr. aiva nemakore 16 okuberekwa, akatumirwa raizondipa unyanzvi hunodiwa kuti Pietro Vannuchi. Achifuridzirwa murume uyu Rafael asvika soro unyanzvi kwechokwadi uye nyanzvi dzinokosha nenyanzvi unyanzvi.

Most mangwanani, kweuduku Raphael mifananidzo - Mifananidzo mitatu: "Mikaeri Ngirozi Huru, achirova Satani" (zvino kushanda muParis), "Dream Knight" (nzvimbo pashoo - London) uye "Vatatu Nyasha dzemutendi" (utiziro kokupedzisira - Washington). Saka anotanga basa Rafael Santi. "The School veAteni" akazviratidza apo munyori nemakore 25.

The chikuru Pamifananidzo

Rafael akauya Vokusingaperi City muna 1508. Pano akakokwa naPapa Julius II. Pano womufananidzo aifanira kupenda yemapurisa (the dzokuzvinatsa dzimba) Vatican Palace. Stanza della Senyatura Raphael akanga kupendwa, unopfuura wakajeka mifananidzo munzvimbo mana mupfungwa basa munhu: "Dispute" (zvouMwari), "The School veAteni" (uzivi), "Parnassus" (nhetembo) uye "Uchenjeri, Unoyera Force" (mutemo). A Maestro kupendwa sirin'i mifananidzo, pfungwa bindepinde pamwe huru nziyo uye akatakura yemubhaibheri, rengano uye ndeyokufananidzira zvaanoreva.

Mufananidzo "The School veAteni" rava ndiye ukuru uzivi uye nesayenzi. The chikuru paradigm pakati Pamifananidzo - iyi ndiyo imwe pfungwa inokosha iri kwevanhu. Inogona nehasha muchidimbu sezvo mukana inowirirana chibvumirano pakati pamatavi siyana nesayenzi uye uzivi. Maberere aro zvikuru mapurani Paaidzidzisa akashongedzwa nemapoka masayendisiti uye vazivi muGirisi yekare.

"The School veAteni" (Rafael). tsananguro

Dzinokwana vanopfuura makumi mashanu kupenda zvinoratidzira nenhamba. In nechepakati tuore wakaiswa Aristotle uye Plato. Vanopa pfungwa uchenjeri dzekare uye vanomiririra zvikoro zviviri pfungwa. Plato anotaura denga nomunwe wako, uye Aristotle anotambanudza ruoko rwake pamusoro penyika. Warrior, akapfeka ngowani - ndiye Aleksandr Makedonsky. Anonyatsoteerera guru Socrates, uye iye anokotama minwe ake pamusoro pamaoko ake, achiudza chinhu chinoshamisa. Kurutivi rworuboshwe, pedo pamatanho, takapoteredzwa vadzidzi Achibvuma pfungwa yaPythagoras, uyo mubishi pakugadzirisa matambudziko akarongeka. "The School veAteni" uye akawana nzvimbo Epicurus, iyo Raphael kupendwa mune chishongo muzambiringa mashizha.

Nokuti mufananidzo Michelangelo womufananidzo akasarudza nzira Heraclitus, uye dzakapendwa kwaari munhu, akasendamira kuutio, vagere Pensive Pose. On the masitepisi agere Diogenes. Kurudyi Euclid makubhiti chinhu pamusoro geometric mufananidzo ine caliper. Kukwira anotsika - Ndiro danho panguva iyo pane ugone chokwadi. Euclid boka racho Ptolemy (akabata nyika mumaoko ake) uye Zoroaster (akabata yose kudenga). To avo orudyi dimikira Rafael, kutarira vateereri.

vamwe vatambi

Pasinei nokuti "School veAteni" - mumwe tuore anopfuura 50 vatambi mairi pfungwa nenyama uye spaciousness hunhu Santi tsika. Kunze pamusoro nenhamba, padandemutande iri pachena uye vatambi akadai Spekvsipp (uzivi, anofananidzwa aine ndebvu uye toga mashava) Meneksen (uzivi, vakapfeka toga yebhuruu Hue) Xenocrates (uzivi, toga chena). Uyewo, pane Achibvuma pfungwa yaPythagoras, nokubuda kubva mubhuku mumaoko ake, Crete (mu vaaleanpunainen kupfeka), Diagoras pamusoro Melos - nyanduri shirtless, mamwe evanhu.

Kufanana zvose zvenyika ounyanzvi, "The School veAteni" harizivikanwi kuruzhinji kuchitsauko nenhamba. Saka, hapana munhu anoziva anoratidzwa pamusoro seinäkartta chimwe gumbo, uye muridzi shure mune roruvara rwakatsvukuruka rokwe. Asi kufarira Artist zviri nyore kuziva: rinomiririra Hypatia.

Interesting nezvendima "School veAteni"

Stanzas iri Vatican aisiya shasha Rafael makore gumi - kubvira 1508 kusvika 1518. Santi pachake vaiita basa kwemakore mana chete (1508-1512). All vamwe mufananidzo Maestro akaita vadzidzi pasi pake. Pane imwe mukana, asi munhu anonakidza masanga kuti makore mana ndichishanda Rafael pamusoro yemapurisa, uye zvakaenzana namakore akashanda ari Sistine sirin'i kubudikidza Michelangelo.

Zita rakakurumbira Pamifananidzo kubudikidza Raphael havasi. Historical mabhuku vanoti kuti pakutanga pamufananidzo vakatakura zita "uzivi." "The School veAteni" - zita Hakupindirani zvizere chii chinoratidzwa pamusoro kanivhasi. The kupenda, kuwedzera nevazivi veAtene, kune vanhu vakawanda vane kumbobvira muupenyu hwavo hauna muguta rino. Mukuwedzera, tuore rine vamiririri vemazera akasiyana kurarama munyika dzakasiyana, uye saka akanga asina mukana vaungane panguva iyoyowo.

Kufa the artist guru

Akararama makore 37 chete, 6 April 1520 (zuva rokuberekwa kwake) akafa mukuru Rafael Santi. "The School veAteni" uyewo akararama kwemazana emakore. Yepasi Kuvapo Maestro aiva nyanzvi uye zvipfupi, sezvinoita kometi. Asi ichi ndicho njodzi yaakapiwa nguva yakanga yakakwana pamusoro Raphael akayeuka sezvo mukuru Artist of Renaissance.

Santi rufu vakangoerekana vatsamwirana, akanga kwedzimwe kukwikwidzana maviri geniuses mukuru nguva yake. Vose vakatora chikamu kushongedzwa uye yasikwa Vatican. Tiri kutaura Raphael uye Michelangelo. Pasinei chokwadi kuti ekupedzisira aiva mukuru Santi, iye akararama naye kwemakore akawanda.

Raphael akafira muRoma, uye madota ake akavigwa pamwe chinokudza kuti vaiva vakakodzera yaitonga iyi risingaenzaniswi shasha uye tsika. Pakanga pasina Artist asina vakapedza yokupedzisira rwendo muvambi "School veAteni" uye akachema Maestro.