The Vagari nharaunda Orenburg: uwandu uye kwemarudzi sezvamunoita

Vagari of Orenburg nharaunda pari kuruoko vanhu mamiriyoni 1.989 589. Data kwakadaro nokuti 2017 kunoguma Rosstat. Sezvo muRussia yose, nhamba mumadhorobha vanogara kupfuura okumaruwa. Mumaguta, musha 60% kubva Orenburg. Panyaya iyi, yevagari arambe achirema vanhu 16 chete mativi kiromita, maererano paakati ichi, nharaunda iri pamusoro 49 nzvimbo munyika pakati Perm Territory uye Novosibirsk nharaunda.

Vagari Orenburg nharaunda

Vagari of Orenburg nharaunda kwave kuchiita kuderera mumakore achangopfuura. Uye kusvikira pezana 90 wacho wamera. Yepamusoro yakasvika muna 1996, apo nzvimbo yaigarwa 2,218,000 52 vanhu. Kubvira ipapo, nhamba Orenburg nharaunda vemo kunoderedza ose gore. Kwemakore 20, kuderera vakasvika vanhu vanenge zviuru 30.

Kazhinji, kuti nhamba iri munda uyu Russia rinoitwa kubvira 1897. Zvadaro muna Orenburg, uye mamwe maguta, nemisha pamusoro mubvunzo, vanhu vangani vari Orenburg nharaunda, statisticians vakapa nhamba kurebesa yakarurama. Total 1,600,000 145 vanhu zvikanyorwa.

kushaya simba

Uwandu kuzvarwa muna Orenburg mudunhu iri 1000 ndimo vanhu 14.6. Rinokosha kukura chakarurama ichi chakatsanangurwa mukutanga 2000s. Saka, kana muna 1999 mwana akaberekwa, 9.1 chete zviuru, zvino makore matatu gare gare, nhamba iyi akamuka neinopfuura rimwe nehafu dzakabatana.

Kuramba kukura akaberekwa mwero munzvimbo yakanga yakaramba kusvikira 2010, apo mwana vagari 14.1 paavhareji zviuru. Pashure vakabudirira gore rino, rakatumbuka pamwe kundikana tichitaura chokubereka.

Trends munyama

Yose zvayo, mumakore achangopfuura, mwero wokufa kwevanhu kunowedzera muna Orenburg mudunhu. Izvi zvechokwadi zvinoratidzwa sei vanhu of Orenburg mudunhu nhasi.

Akangwarira nhamba iri hwenyama inoitwa kubva 1970. Zvadaro, rimwe zviuru Vagari vakafa 7,9 munhu. Kubvira ipapo, nhamba kufa yakawedzera pagore. Muna 2005, nhamba iyi yakawedzera kusvika kaviri uye akaita kare kufa 15 nehafu paavhareji chiuru vagari. Mumakore achangopfuura, utano mudunhu, uyewo yose, kunyatsoongorora. Saka nhamba vaigona kudzikamisa. Maererano ichangobva umboo kubva Rosstat, muna Orenburg zviuru vanofa gore roga roga 14.2 munhu.

Maruwa of Orenburg nharaunda

Vagari of Orenburg nharaunda iri kuparadzirwa pamusoro maruwa 35. Pakati pavo zvakare pane vatungamiri uye laggards kwenhamba vagari. Kuwanda zvimwe dzakabudirira makanzuru umo maindasitiri kugadzira, tarisiro kukura uye inivhesitimendi. Kubva shure nzvimbo vanhu vanosiya chirwirangwe ose gore muna Orenburg uye yakavakidzana kumatunhu.

The Vagari mumaruwa Orenburg nharaunda dziri kunyanya kuderera mumakore achangopfuura. The Mutungamiri Pervomaisky kudunhu guru mumusha Pervomaisk. Pano kurarama vanenge zviuru 90 vanhu. Panyaya iyi, chikuru nzvimbo hwenyika ndiwo kukura okurima kugadzirwa. Pervoymaysky unyanzvi mune nyama uye dheri mombe uye kuwedzera zviyo. Munharaunda pane 18 mapurazi makuru uye svikiro kadikidiki, uyewo anenge zana murimi mudiki kumapurazi. Pane mudunhu uye indasitiri. Pano kukura mafuta indasitiri. Of Pervomaisky dunhu vakaisa kumativi 800 makiromita negasi mapaipi.

Pakati laggards dzakanyorwa Matveyevsky District, riri kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva nharaunda. Pano kugara vanhu 11 chete zviuru 209. Muzinda ndiyo musha Matveyevka. Nzvimbo kunokudziridzwa chete kurima. Makambani kushandisa kurima matapiri nemaringazuva. Vatatu pamwe (akafanana Soviet mumapurazi) vari kushanda munharaunda uye zvinoverengeka nomumwe Entrepreneurs.

Kazhinji, asi Orenburg nharaunda - dynamically kuva Russian nharaunda. Pakati kumatunhu Russia mafuta-, iye rakava wechina. Nezvokuvandudzika 4.5% zvose mafuta kuti anogadzirwa Russia. Hazvishamisi kuti ndiro mafuta indasitiri ndiye aitungamirira zvekutepfenyura. minda mafuta Most vari pfungwa iri kare kutaurwa Pervomaisky dunhu, uyewo Sorochinsk uye Kurmanaevskaya.

Mafuta, riri akapfuma Orenburg nharaunda, chinhu chinokosha pamusoro Volga-Ural matura chicherwa ichi. Kutanga minda mafuta munzvimbo idzi dzakatanga muna 30-ies ose XX remakore pedyo netaundi Buguruslan. Nhasi, mafuta-kubereka nzvimbo kugara kuwedzera.

City Orenburg nharaunda

Orenburg nharaunda guta tichitarisa hwevanhu zviri nani kuti kumaruwa. Mugore remunharaunda centre musha anenge 580,000 vanhu. Dzinokwana maguta 21 Orenburg nharaunda.

Maguta Major nemisha, Kuwedzera Orenburg vari Orsk (235,000 vagari), Novotroick (96 zviuru) uye Busuluk (85 zviuru).

Orsk Kugadzirwa maindasitiri kugadzirwa. Enterprises kushanda zvokuimba engineering, mafuta achinatsa, nonferrous simbi, ubanguranyika, simba, kuvaka uye zvokudya Mazinga.

Novotroitsk upfumi inobva emisasa muzvirongwa kugadzira indasitiri, simbi, kubudiswa tsvina uye chinyorwa pamusoro ferrous nesimbi, kugadzirwa kwezvokudya. Gradoobrazujushchim ndiye JSC "Ural Steel". Ndicho chikuru metallurgia zvinobatana.

Buzuluk ari 60s okupedzisira remakore, achishingaira akanyatsonzwisisa minda mafuta. Makambani kunyange vakakwanisa kupinda kumusika dzakawanda, uye Buzuluk akatumidza mafuta guru Orenburg nharaunda. Zvisinei, mumakore apfuura gumi indasitiri anenge hapana chakasara. Closed guru fekitari fenicha, muchina-kuvaka mafekitari vakatsauka kusauka, kuti akaitwa mafuta uye gasi indasitiri kwave kuderera mafuta. Naizvozvo Buzuluk nhasi inoramba rimwe remaguta mwoyo zvikuru mudunhu.

Orenburg

The chikuru mumadhorobha Vagari ari Orenburg nharaunda iri kusimbiswa guru remunharaunda. Tarirai kune zvinopfuura kota vagari vose yacho.

The guta rakaumbwa 1743 iri nzvimbo Berd Fortress. Nhasi muna Orenburg zvakanaka dzakabudirira upfumi. Industry kwakavakirwa gasi kugadzirwa uye gasi kubudiswa Mazinga, uyewo simbi kubudiswa uye zvokuimba mapurani. Kushandisa makemikari indasitiri, chiedza uye zvokudya Mazinga.

Unofanira govera JSC "Orenshal" yokukosha zvebhizimisi kuti mubasa kugadzirwa rakakurumbira Orenburg Downy zvameso, kunze iye uyewo chokubatanidza Orenburg zvameso. The kambani "Dzhon DIR Rus" kunobereka zvokurima michina.

Sezvo pakutanga XXI remakore kuitika Orenburg akagadzikana mushure dambudziko 90s. ногом связаны с успешным развитием предприятия "Газпром добыча Оренбург". The zvoupfumi kubudirira veguta nogom M chokuita pakukura wekambani "Gazprom mugodhi Orenburg".

Active kuvakwa kwezvivako zvitsva vakatanga Orenburg University, paiva ano mitambo zvivako, ethnographic kunzwisisa "National Village '.

Murwiyo chavagari of Orenburg nharaunda

Vagari vakawanda Orenburg nharaunda Russian nyika. nhamba yavo vanenge 75%. Panzvimbo yechipiri Tatars - munzvimbo iri kusvika 7.5% vanogaramo norudzi urwu, munzvimbo yechitatu nzvimbo Kazakhs - anenge 6%.

Anopfuura maviri muzana munzvimbo iri musha kune Ukrainians uye Bashkirs. Zvishoma asingasviki maviri muzana ari vamiririri Mordovian nyika.

Kuwanda yasara vaigara munharaunda asingadi kupfuudza 1%. About rimwe nehafu muzana mumakore vaverengwe akaramba achiratidza nyika yake.

Zvemo vanhu Orenburg

Pakutanga, vagari venyika Orenburg nharaunda rakaumbwa nokuda Tatars. Zvino munharaunda dzavo pane vanhu vanenge zviuru 150. Tatars vaiva vagari Orenburg yepakutanga. Zvino vanogara yakabatana isiri pamusoro munharaunda dzakawanda maruwa - Abdulinsky, Buguruslan, Krasnogvardeisky, Matveevskoe, Tashlin uye Sharlykskoe.

In yose, nharaunda yaiva anenge 90 wechiTatar nemisha, umo nhamba vagari norudzi urwu rikunde. Mumaguta izvi uye maguta mumutauro wechiTatar anodzidziswa muzvikoro, 34 preschools wechiTatar yakawanikwa munzvimbo Orenburg mudunhu. anopfuura 70 mosques anoshanda ari Orenburg mudunhu.

Orenburg Bashkirs

Basa rinokosha paumbwe National Kuronga Orenburg mudunhu mutambo Bashkirs. Vazhinji vavo kurarama Orenburg - mashanu uye chiuru hafu vanhu.

In Orenburg mune zvivako zhinji kuna tsika uye nhoroondo Bashkir vanhu. Guta guru zvenharaunda ndiyo shongwe Caravanserai. Ichi nhoroondo uye mapurani kunzwisisa, iyo yakavakwa pakati XIX remakore. The kunzwisisa yakavakwa pamusoro mipiro. It chaimbova yakagara mutungamiri Bashkir mauto. Paiva hôtels nokuda Bashkirs, anogara akashanyira Orenburg bhizimisi. The kunzwisisa pacharo ine Bashkir chevarwere imba uye chechi. Munyori pakutanga chirongwa - mapurani Alexander Bryullov, uyo akakurukura Kugadzira huru chivakwa pasi Bashkir mumusha chetsika.

Munguva yeHondo Civil Caravanserai aiva yakagara hurumende Bashkiria. Muna 1917, pamusangano, kwakasarudzwa kuti vagadze muganhu kuzvionera Bashkurdistan, iro raiva kupinda uye Orenburg Province.