Tsandanyama fibers. Mhando mhasuro fibers

Mutete tsandanyama fibers vanoumba mumwe skeletal tsandanyama. ukobvu ravo chete anenge 0,05-0,11 mm uye kureba 15 cm. Muscle faibha striated tsandanyama rinenge aunganidzwa mwanda, izvo zvinosanganisira fibers ose 10-50. mwanda aya vakapoteredzwa connective zvinyama (fascia).

The tsandanyama pacharo wakakomberedzwa nokuda fascia. Inenge 85-90% ayo bhuku kumusoro tsandanyama fibers. Dzasara - manzwiro uye tsinga vanopfuura pakati pavo. At kumigumo tsandanyama fibers vari striated tsandanyama rinenge riri zvishoma nezvishoma tinoshandurirwa mudzira. Zvapedzisira vari dzakabatana mapfupa.

Mitochondria uye myofibrils vari mhasuro

Funga nemamiriro tsandanyama faibha. Muna cytoplasm (sarcoplasm) rine vakawanda mitochondria. Ivo basa rinoitwa simba umo kupanana zvinhu uye kuunganidza simba-vapfumi zvinhu, uyewo avo vaifanira kupa simba zvinodiwa. Kune zviuru wandei mitochondria chero chikamu tsandanyama muchitokisi. Anogara vanenge 30-35% yayo yose vakawanda.

The nemamiriro tsandanyama faibha zvokuti hochekoche mitochondria inovakwa achitevedza myofibrils. Izvi matete filaments kuti anopa marwadzo uye kutandara kuti tsandanyama dzedu. Kazhinji rimwe Sero muri hwakawanda myofibrils, sezvamakaropafadzwa neimwe yakareba kunogona kusvika masendimita wandei. Kana kurema zvose akapeta myofibers enzvimbo yacho tsandanyama masero, chikamu chayo zvachose uremu achava vanenge 50%. Pakukora ari faibha Saka zvinobva zvikurukuru pane nhamba myofibrils yaiva imomo, uyewo avo muchinjikwa-chivako. Uyewo myofibrils akaumbwa sarcomeres zhinji duku.

Striated tsandanyama rinenge fibers vanoonekwa ne vese vakadzi nevarume. Zvisinei, mamiriro avo siyanei zvichienderana munhui. Maererano migumisiro tsandanyama biopsy zvakabudiswa dzakaitwa kuti tsandanyama fibers myofibrils chikamu kwevakadzi dererei pane kuti varume. Izvi zvinoshandawo, kunyange mukuru-pamwero vatambi.

Sezvineiwo, mashoko tsandanyama chaizvo gobvu vakagovera vanoiswa rose muviri vakadzi nevarume. Hunoshamisa Chikamu vakadzi iri yepazasi chikamu muviri. At pamusoro tsandanyama vhoriyamu iri diki, uye vane diki uye kazhinji anoita untrained.

dzvuku faibha

Zvichienderana kuneta, histochemical staining uye contractile zvivako zviri tsandanyama fibers vari mapoka mapoka maviri: tsvuku uye chena. Red vari anononoka fibers ane diki dhayamita. Kuti vawane simba vanoshandisa oxidation pamusoro zvakakora acids uye makabhohaidhiretsi (zvakadai hurongwa anonzi Kurovedza simba production). fibers aya uyewo vachinzi kunonoka kana anononoka-pfura. Dzimwe nguva dzinonzi mhando 1 fibers.

Sei tsvuku fibers vanonzi saka

Red, dzinonzi nekuti vane tsvuku histochemical dziberekane. Izvi imhaka yokuti fibers izvi ane myoglobin zhinji. Myoglobin - rinokosha ruvara mapuroteni ane yakatsvuka. Its basa ndechokuti anorwira okisijeni vanyura tsandanyama fibers ropa capillaries.

Features tsvuku fibers

Slow tsandanyama fibers vane muzvizhinji kuti mitochondria. Ari oxidation muitiro yaitwa, iyo inodiwa kuti simba. Red fibers wakakomberedzwa guru richikurukura capillaries. Vanofanira vazopa guru okisijeni neropa.

Slow tsandanyama fibers vari zvakanaka dzakashandisa Implementation pamusoro Kurovedza simba kugadzirwa hurongwa. simba vade kuti sunga dzavo. The zvazvingava panguva yavakanga upise simba zvakakwana kuita Kurovedza muviri chete. Red fibers yakanyatsokodzera vasiri nyanyisa uye kuramba ichishanda, zvakadai sokufamba uye basketball, stayerskogo kure nokushambira, maekisesaizi uye nevamwe.

Rutapudzo kuti tsandanyama faibha chendangariro kuti kufamba kuti murege ingada kuishandira. Pamusana kwaari anonzi kunotsigirwa Pose. Izvi striated tsandanyama rinenge chinoratidza faibha, izvo zvinosanganisirwa basa dzimwe mitoro kubvira 20 kusvika 25% of vaifanira inobvira simba. Vari ne rakaisvonaka mbabvu. Zvisinei, tsvuku fibers hadzishandi ari Implementation pamusoro sprints, vachisimudza inorema Zviidzo, nezvimwewo, Sezvo marudzi aya mitoro inoda nekaupenyu kutsanya kuyerera uye generating simba. Nokuti chinangwa ichi vari fibers chena, yatiri kukurukura.

fibers chena

Vari ainziwo zvakasimba, bystrosokraschayuschihsya mhando 2 fibers. dhayamita ravo hombe zvichienzaniswa tsvuku. Nokuti simba vanoshandisa kazhinji glycolysis (kureva simba kugadzirwa hurongwa ivo anaerobic). Nokutsanya fibers ndiyo yakawanda myoglobin duku. Ndokusaka vari chena.

Kukamurwa ATP

Fast fibers ane hombe ATPase basa enzayemu. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kukamurwa ATP riri rokutsanya, ichi anopa yakawanda simba, iyo inodiwa kunyatsodzidza basa. Sezvo fibers chena vanoonekwa ne mukuru mwero simba zvekushandisa, uye ivo zvinoda kumhanya kudzorerwa ATP mamorekuru. Uye rinogona inofanira glycolysis nokuti kusiyana oxidation, richiwanika munyika sarcoplasm tsandanyama fibers. Naizvozvo, okisijeni pakukurukura mitochondria usiri mutemo, sezvo simba hurukuro kubva ekupedzisira kusvika myofibrils.

Sei chena fibers tai nokukurumidza

Nokuda glycolysis kunoitika lactate (lactic acid) vari kukurumidza kuunganidza. Nokuda kweizvi, fibers chena kuneta nokukurumidza, izvozvo anomira pakupedzisira kushanda tsandanyama dzako. The tsvuku fibers pasi Kurovedza inotungamirwa aumbwa lactic acid. Ndokusaka vanogona kuchengetedza mwero voltage kwenguva yakareba.

Features chena fibers

White fibers vane guru dhayamita hama kuti tsvuku. Mukuwedzera, ane zvakawanda glycogen uye myofibrils, asi vane mitochondria vashoma. Muscle internet Sero iyi mhando ine wayo sezvamunoita uye creatine phosphate (CP). It kunodiwa panguva kutanga kwekupwanyiwa mukuru-umbirimi oparesheni.

Most fibers chena akachinja kuita simba, kutsanya, asi pfupi kuitwa, sezvo vaine yakaderera mbabvu. Quick faibha, zvichienzaniswa anononoka, inogona kuderedzwa 2 nguva mhanyisa, uye kutanga simba 10 nguva zvikuru. Kunonyanyisa nokukurumidza uye simba womunhu hunotanga nokuda kwavo. Kana basa kunoda 25-30% kubva kunonyanyisa nesimba uye kumusoro, izvo zvinoreva kuti kutora chikamu chiri fibers chena. Vari yakakamurwa maererano nzira yokuwana simba pamusoro zvinotevera mhando mbiri.

Quick glycolytic mhasuro fibers

The mhando rokutanga - kutsanya glycolytic fibers. Pfungwa glycolysis inoshandiswa vaunze simba. Nemamwe mazwi, vanokwanisa kushandisa chete anaerobic simba kugadzirwa hurongwa inosimudzira paumbwe lactic asidhi (lactate). Nokudaro, faibha Data kubereka simba pamwe okisijeni, kureva nokuda Kurovedza. Fast glycolytic fibers vari dzinoratidzwa kunonyanyisa nokukurumidza uye simba reductions. Ivo basa guru iri muchiuto nevazhinji vari vatambi, muviri, uye kupa kuvamhanyi vanoshambira, kuita pamusoro yokungoita bara, kufadza nokukurumidza.

Rapid oxidation-glycolytic fibers

The mhando rechipiri - nokukurumidza oxidation-glycolytic fibers. Vari kunzi Transitional kana zvenguva. fibers ava rudzi zvenguva mhando pakati kunonoka uye kutsanya tsandanyama fibers. Vari dzinoratidzwa hurongwa simba kugadzirwa (anaerobic) simba, asi dzakashandisa Implementation uye zvakarurama zvikuru Kurovedza muviri. Nemamwe mashoko, fibers izvi zvinogona kuva yakawanda nesimba uye yakakwirira mwero rutapudzo. Saka mukuru tsime simba iri glycolysis. Panguva iyoyowo, kana kusimba ari marwadzo anova akaderera, vanokwanisa kushandisa oxidation zvinobudirira. Izvi rworudzi faibha iri kusashanda ichishanda, kana mutoro uri 20 kusvika 40% kuti kunonyanyisa. Zvisinei, kana zviri kumativi 40%, muviri womunhu pakarepo kutendeuka zvachose kushandisa kutsanya glycolytic fibers.

Nhamba kutsanya uye anononoka fibers mumuviri

Studies dzave kuitwa kosi icho kwairatidzwa ndechokuti nhamba kutsanya uye anononoka fibers ari mumuviri womunhu akatsunga majini. Kana isu nezvazvo paavhareji munhu, ane anenge 40-50% nomumugwagwa kwaitora nguva, uye vanenge 50-60% nokukurumidza. Zvisinei, mumwe nomumwe wedu akasiyana. Mumuviri mumwe munhu anogona kudzora zvose chena uye tsvuku fibers.

Huwandu navo siyana tsandanyama muviri wacho. Izvi imhaka yokuti tsandanyama uye mapoka avo mumuviri kuita zvakasiyana mabasa. Imhaka ichi transverse tsandanyama fibers vari zvakasiyana chaizvo mune sezvamunoita yavo. Somuenzaniso, muna biceps uye triceps iri vanenge 70% chena fibers. Zvishoma seduku femur yavo (vanenge 50%). Asi gastrocnemius tsandanyama pamusoro fibers 16%. Ndiko, kana dzichipfekeka zvebasa kupfuura simba chikamu tsandanyama basa, Zvicharerukira yokutsanya, kwete kunonoka.

Kukurukurirana zvinogona iri mutambo pamwe mhando mhasuro fibers

We munotoziva kuti zvinonyatsorehwa nhamba matsvuku fibers mumuviri womunhu vakaisa majini. Nokuda kwaizvozvi, vanhu vakasiyana uye dzakasiyana zvinogona zvemitambo. Mumwe nani muri mitambo zvinoda kutsungirira, uye munhu - simba. Kana hunodzorwa anononoka fibers, munhu zvikuru yakanakira Skiing, marathons, kushambira kuti madaro marefu, uye zvichingodaro. E., Ndizvo mitambo, raisanganisira kazhinji Kurovedza simba kugadzirwa hurongwa. Kana muviri wacho kupfuura Fast pfura tsandanyama fibers, zvinokwanisika kubudirira nemigumisiro yakanaka mukusimbisa muviri, yokungoi- ta bara, yokungoi- ta bara kushambira, Weightlifting, Streats, uye vamwe. Nemarudzi, apo mutengo mukuru ndowenyika putika simba. Zvino, sezvo imi munoziva, unogona kupa chete chena tsandanyama fibers. Vatambi zvikuru nguva dzose sprinters hunodzorwa navo. nhamba dzavo tsandanyama ari makumbo rinosvika zvavo 85%. Kana paine nehasha zvakaenzana kukura rakasiyana-siyana fibers, murume zvakakwana wakanyatsokodzera pakati mufambo kumhanya uye kushambira. Zvisinei, pamusoro hazvirevi kuti kana hunodzorwa kutsanya fibers, munhu akadaro havazombokwanisi kumhanya yedaro refu. Aikwanisa kumhanya nayo, asi kwete chaizvo kuva shasha mumutambo uyu. Asiwo, kana muviri zvikuru zvitsvuku fibers, kunoguma mukusimbisa muviri uchakurati- munhu akadaro akaipa kupfuura kuti paavhareji, nhamba matsvuku fibers izvo anenge akaenzana.