Kudzidza zvakavamba kuchinja - sei kuwana nguva kungoti zvakavamba kuchinja oscillation

The siyana oscillatory pezvakaitwa dzakaipoteredza isu, zvekuti Zvinoshamisa - uye pane chinhu usingabereki-chinja? Kashoma, sezvo kunyange chaizvo usingazungunuke chinhu, vanoti ibwe, inova zvemakore ichiri, achiri oscillates pezvakaitwa - nguva rinopisa mezuva, kuwedzera, uye usiku inotonhodza uye akadzokera. Uye dzepedyo muenzaniso - miti uye matavi - siyana nesimba zvose hwake. Asi zvino - ibwe, namatanda. Uye kana iwe chete mhepo kufurirwa neeSultan kubva chivakwa 100 nyaya? It inozivikanwa Somuenzaniso, kuti twumapuranga Ostankinskaya shongwe iri vakatsauka neshure pa 5-12 metres, zvakanaka pane hapana zvakavamba kuchinja 500. kumusoro. Uye kusvikira kunowedzera kukura kuvaka dzakafanana kubva tembiricha akasiyana? Pano zvinoita kuti patsanura uye vibration Michini uye zvigadziriswe neshongwe. Chimbofunga, ndege yauri dzinobhururuka dzose dzinosiyana. Regai kushandura pfungwa dzako kubhururuka? Hazvina zvakafanira, nokuti nokufamba - ndiwo nyika yakatipoteredza, hatigoni kubvisa pavo - vanogona chete kufungwa uye kushandisa "zvakanaka".

Senguva dzose, kudzidzwa kupfuura kunzwisisa nharaunda zivo (uye ivo havana kuitika) rinotanga sumo kune muenzaniso nyore. Uye pane nyore uye unyatsonzwisisa kuti maonero muenzaniso oscillatory kwacho, pane zvakavamba kuchinja. Zviri pano, ari kudzidza wefizikisi, isu tanga kunzwa ichi chisinganzwisisike mutsara - ". Munguva oscillation kungoti zvakavamba kuchinja" Zvakavamba kuchinja - ndiye shinda uye mutoro. Uye chii ichi rinokosha zvakavamba kuchinja kwakadaro - Mathematics? A nyore chaizvo, zvakavamba kuchinja izvi kumbofungidzira kuti shinda haana kurema asiri extensible, uye zvinhu pfungwa vibrates vakadhakwa regiravhiti. Chokwadi ndechokuti kazhinji, kufunga muitiro, Somuenzaniso, vibrations havagoni kuva nhoroondo azere chaiko zvatariswa akadai uremu, elasticity, etc. vechikamu vese vari kuedza. Panguva iyoyowo, vasisanetswi vamwe vari zvichiitika kunyora nezvavo. Somuenzaniso, imwe priori zvinonzwisiswa kuti zvakavamba kuchinja uremu uye elasticity mutsvuku pasi zvimwe zvinhu hapana kuoneka zvainoita nguva oscillation of kwemasvomhu zvakavamba kuchinja iri negligibly diki, saka simba ravo risingabatanidzwi nezvawo.

Kutsunga nguva oscillation pakati zvakavamba kuchinja, kana asiri nyore haawanzotauri kuzivikanwa ndeichi: nguva - munguva inoitika imwe oscillation zvakakwana. Ngatiitei chiratidzo rimwe yokunyanyisa pfungwa kufamba nhumbi. Zvino nguva dzose pfungwa yapera, zvichiita Anoverenga oscillations kwakakwana uye cherechedza nguva, muti, 100 vibrations. Kuona nguva mumwe kumwedzi ari Snap. Yatinoteerera kuedza ichi nokuda oscillating mune imwe ndege yacho zvakavamba kuchinja zvinotevera nyaya:

- siyana kutanga amplitude;

- siyana mutoro uremu.

Tisimuke hunoshamisa nemigumisiro pakutanga kuaona: ose nguva nguva nyore zvakavamba kuchinja oscillation anoramba kuzochinja. Nemamwe mashoko, amplitude uye kutanga gobvu kwemashoko pfungwa iri nguva yose nguva regai nesimba simba. Wokuzokurukurazve ndiyo marapirwo mumwe chete - nokuti mutoro kukwirira kana uchityaira shanduko, ipapo kudzorera simba munzira shanduka, riri zvakavaomera Masvomhu. Zvishoma nyengera - Push zvakavamba kuchinja uyewo mune transverse divi - rwunotanga kutsanangura conical Nechepamusoro, nguva T zviri kutenderera inoramba zvakafanana, kumhanya kufamba achitevedza sekamufarenzi V - kugara sekamufarenzi, pamwe izvo chinoita zibhokisi S = 2πr, mumwe kudzorera simba rinotungamirirwa achitevedza nharaunda.

Takabva ngaaverenge nguva oscillation kungoti zvakavamba kuchinja:

T = S / V = 2πr / V

Kana urefu neshinda L yekudyidzana zvakawanda nhumbi saizi (kanenge 15-20 nguva), uye neshinda kwekona kuti mafungiro iri diki (diki amplitude), tinogona kufunga kuti mukudzoserwa simba P akaenzana centripetal simba F:
P = F = M * V * V / R

Ukuwo, nguva mukudzoserwa simba uye nguva inertia pakati mutoro akaenzana, uye ipapo

P * l = R * (m * g), izvo zvinoreva kufungisisa kuti P = F, zvinotevera mukana wokuti vanhu vanga: r * M * g / l = M * V * V / R

Not zvakaoma kuwana velocity pakati zvakavamba kuchinja: v = R * √g / l.

Zvino rangarirai rokutanga chaizvo okuti nguva uye kutsiva kukosha velocity:

T = 2πr / R * √g / L

Pashure kushandurwa fomura nguva sezvisingakoshi kwemasvomhu zvakavamba kuchinja oscillation wokupedzisira muchimiro sezvinotevera:

T = 2 π √ l / d

Zvino kare experimentally kuwana migumisiro kuzvimirira kubva oscillation nguva uremu mutoro uye amplitude anotsigirwa ari Analytical muchimiro uye zvinoita sezvisina kuva saka "zvinoshamisa", sezvo vachiti, sezvo zvaida.

Pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, ichitarisira apedzisira kuti nguva oscillation of kwemasvomhu zvakavamba kuchinja, unogona kuona mikana yakaisvonaka kuyera kumhanyisa regiravhiti. Zvakakwana vaungane Munongedzo zvakavamba kuchinja chero nguva yenyika uye kuyera nguva oscillations ayo. Naizvozvo, chaizvo tisingatarisiri, zviri nyore uye zvakananga zvakavamba kuchinja akatipa wakanakisisa mukana kudzidza kuparadzira arambe achirema kuti goko kwePasi, kusvikira atsvake pasi chicherwa deposits. Asi kuti chimwe nyaya.