Uzbekistan, Khiva: zvinotyisa (description, mufananidzo)

A guta rakasiyana, yakabuda makore anopfuura 2,500 apfuura, Khiva (Uzbekistan) Zvinoshamisa munhau dzayo uye zvinotyisa. Zviri guta rine zvinoshamisa mhepo, tsika dzekare uye nemamwe manyorerwo.

The pakuonekwa guta

Apo nhasi riri Khiva (Uzbekistan), rokutanga kugarwa, maererano matongo nzvimbo, akazviratidza 4-3 Millennium BC, izvozvo chaimbova yokupakira mugove vavhimi uye vabati vehove kaltaminarskoy tsika. Mugore 2nd chemakore ratova dzichengeterwe mira dzimba muArabhu uye varimi. Culture Varimi hwakakanyiwa tsika wakabva Southern Urals pastoralists, aumba somugumisiro mangwanani Amirabad tsika vokutanga Bronze Age. Kubvira panguva iyoyo, asi kugara akatsiva mumwe, asi Amu DARYA Delta ane kumbobvira chinhu. nzvimbo iyi yakanga kwazvo iri dzaishandiswa pakutengeserana, uye aiva nomukana yakakura kuti mhuka minda uye kurima.

Nhoroondo Khiva

Pava paya ngano vanoti Khiva akarerwa nechepakati oasis, izvo dzichengeterwe tsime ane zvinoshamisa zvinonaka mvura. Izvi tsime rakacherwa ostensibly mwanakomana waNoa Shemu. The guta rokutanga, iro rakanyorwa muna zvinyorwa zvakanyorwa, rinonzi Kheivak, ipapo yavapo Horasmis, Hvarezm uye pakupedzisira Khorezm. Akapinda nomunguva kubudirira uye kukunda, raiva guta guru guru Khorezm mamiriro.

The guta wakaitwa imba youmambo wokutanga Afrighids, ipapo guta aizokundwa navaArabhu vakava nhengo vaMuslim wehurumende. Ipapo vatongi vakabudirira mumwe: Mamunidov youmambo, kuti Ghaznavids, Seljuks, Anushteginidov. Guta rine mikana vakawandisa kwaari arege kurwa, saka inongogara kuedza kukunda vatongi siyana.

Muna 1220, guta anoparadza uto Genghis Khan. Asi iye akakurumidza azopora uye kamwe zvakare rinova zvinonaka chiteyeso. Saka, Tamerlane kashanu kuedza kutora muguta dutu, uye muna 1388 pakupedzisira iye Rinotarisira. Gare gare, guta rinoramba zvakaitika paruoko kuisa. Mukutanga kwezana remakore rechi17, Khiva akava musimboti pakunamata vechiIslam nyika, pane kuvaka madrassas. Asi guta chaiyo kaiva yaitonga of Uzbek dzinza kungrat.

18-19 remakore yaiva nguva chivakwa uye kuunganidza pfuma nokuda guta. Muna 1873, zvichikonzerwa vemauto kushanda Khiva yakava chikamu Russian Empire. Kubvira panguva iyoyo, guta riri chikamu Turkmen nharaunda. Rinotanga akurumidze kukura muguta, zvikoro uye zvipatara zviri kuvakwa pano. Muna 1919, Red Army kunowisira simba aivapo Khan uye ounza hurongwa idzva, guta iri chikamu Soviet Union. Sezvo 1924 Khiva ari chikamu Uzbek SSR.

Kukosha netsika nyika

Uzbekistan, Khiva kare ndezvaJehovha kundima, iyo yakaumbwa kuti tsika yekare ine mhando. Pano ndipo Great Silk Road, yaiva musimboti yebudiriro.

Muna 8-9 emakore, nzvimbo idzi kutamba hunokosha zveupfumi uye netsika basa munzvimbo. Ichatonga zvine mbiri Khiva riri panoperera 18 - kutanga remakore rechi20, munguva yacho Khanate pakati Khiva. zvino Hiva ari kuva enyika uye zvoupfumi pakati, ipapo vari pfuma zhinji, izvi zvose zvinoratidzwa pakuonekwa guta, iro pave nemamwe hurongwa.

Pari, guta Khiva (Uzbekistan), mufananidzo izvo chete chiduku chikamu anotamisa zvose zvayo runako, akamborarama uye netsika Monument akanyorwa pandandanda nzvimbo kudzivirirwa UNESCO. Guta muzvikamu zviviri: dzakaitika uye panguva. Mumiganhu of Old City zvakawanda mapurani Zvivako zviri vakachengeteka. Khiva rudzi tsvene dzokuMabvazuva tsika yekare, unogona kunakidzwa kuitika guta Asian vekare uye vanonzwa mweya vekare.

Khiva nhasi

Muna 1991, Uzbekistan, Khiva kutanga upenyu hutsva, anouya rusununguko, asi pane miganhu Zvinotaurwa Turkmenistan. Kare, guta nhengo Turkmen Khanate, uye nhasi munyika vangada kuzotora nyika ino.

Today Khiva - huru Uzbek guta rine vanhu 60 zviuru vanhu, aine tsime kunyatsobudirira basa kwezvivako. Iri ndiro guta achitapira kwazvo, hapana mukuru-simukai zvivakwa uye mujenya rwemotokari, kuchine akayera tsiye maguta okumabvazuva. Grand Bazaar - nzvimbo Neine Basa Chaizvo apo vanhu, kufanana vazhinji emakore mumutsetse, nhau yavo, kutaura, udye.

Weather in Khiva (Uzbekistan) vari takasununguka zvikuru pano mazuva 300 pagore zuva rikasabuda, mvura kazhinji kuuya muna March uye November. The mwedzi Hottest - July kana masikati tembiricha inogona kusvika 38 inegumi. By pachiyero kusununguka ekunze Hiva unogona kukwikwidzana plesieroorde zhinji munyika. Today Khiva - a vakaziva muzinda Tourism muna Uzbekistan, pane zvose zvinhu chive chinonhuwira uye dzinonakidza yezororo. Nokuti zvose zvayo nhoroondo Kuchengetedzwa taundi rine zvose zvakanakira yebudiriro ano. Pano Anomhanyira zvakanaka cellular kukurukurirana, hotels zvose kupa Internet mabasa, Khiva nevamwe maguta munyika inobatanidzwa migwagwa yakanaka, pane zvakanaka makasimbiswa uye chipa zvifambiso.

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti vose, Uzbekistan - calm chaizvo yakachengeteka uye nyika, pane anenge razero kwemhosva, chinonyanya ngozi kuvafambi - chinonzi kukuremedzai kana kutenga zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana. Pano, sezvaingoitwawo kuMabvazuva, vatengesi vanoda kutengeserana, uye saka pakutanga kwakauraya nomutengo mukuru nefuma yavo.

What kuona

Uzbekistan, Khiva vanozivikanwa nhoroondo uye tsika dzavo sezvivako. Vashanyi uchada mazuva mashoma kuongorora zvose zvinokwezva muguta. Rokutanga kukwira neshongwe AK-Sheikh Bobo kuona guta kubva pakakwirira uye kuti okuMabvazuva nayo. Kubva pakuongorora uriri anopa unoshamisa maonero guta rayo minareeteissa, domes uye masvingo. Uyewo munokosha vachiona masvingo uye magedhi eguta, vanokosha nhoroondo pazvivako, shanyira mumuzinda Tash-Hooley, madrasas Alla Kuli Khan uye Amin Khan, White Mosque. Special nzeve vanofanira kuva Kunya-Areka Fortress, iyo akachengetedza rwayo kubva muzana remakore rechi17. In zvachose, guta riri 60 nyika-kirasi zvinokwezva.

Guta racho mapurani

nyika Beautiful - Uzbekistan. Khiva, ane zvinokwezva vane vakachengeteka zvakanaka uye kusiyana, hapana chakasara. pano chete unogona zvizere kunyudza pachako mumhepo kweguta rekare uye ona mapurani akaturikidzana pakati eras siyana dzakawanda. In Khiva akitekicha akaratidza vekare Oriental tsika, pamwe kwavo yakasiyana pfungwa zvakaenzanirana, kugona kusika akakura zvivako, rakaisvonaka kuti vanodzungudza omukati dzavo uye mosaics.

The pakuonekwa guta kuumba yakasiyana minareeteissa, mosques uye madrasas reimba, ivo pave multi-guta njanji. Mapurani pakuonekwa guta rakanga vakasikwa 18-19 emakore, asi jira kwenzvimbo aenderane zvivakwa zvakakwana uye kupfuura yekare. Somuenzaniso, Sheikh Sayed Alauddin mausoleum pakati remakore rechi14 ane akasiyana guva, yakashongedzwa majolica, ndiwo muenzaniso utsinye mapurani vaMuslim. Mukuwedzera zvivakwa kutemberi uye dzoushe Khiva zvakakwana akachengetedzwa oma dzinogarwa dzoga, achifamba pamusoro izvi mumigwagwa kubvumira kunyika vanyura emakore uye kunzwa zviri kuitika rekare okumabvazuva.

Muzinda Tash-Hawley

Uzbekistan, Khiva akapfuma muzvivako wenhoroondo, uye nomuzinda Tash-juli mumwe wokutanga nzvimbo pakati pavo pamusoro kukosha uye runako. The yamambo yakashongedzwa oma ornamentation pamusoro majolica, kunyanya yakaisvonaka mukati ari revakadzi. The yamambo muenzaniso mavakirwo Khiva, masvingo zvitema-yebhuruu, mudungwe pamwe usina kukonekita, unyengeri muzvivanze, oma matanda mifananidzo uye mifananidzo pamadziro - izvi zvose anosika rakasiyana mubatanidzwa muumbozha uye kunyaradzwa. Izvi chirimo yakagara Khan - a Nyanzvi chaicho Islamic mapurani.

Monuments of Ichan-Kala

Old guta Khiva Ichan Kala - akachengetedzwa chivakwa nharaunda nhoroondo umo vari pfungwa huru zvinokwezva. Mukati masvingo Ichan-Kala chinhu kuona, musapotse weChishanu Juma Mosque pamwe 212 mifananidzo emapuranga neshongwe huru runako uye runako, The Arch Kalta Minor, mudungwe pamwe multi-mavara chidhinha, soro Arch of Islam Khodja. Special nehanya zvinoda madrassas, izvo yakashongedzwa nemamwe maitiro nezvidhina uye Tile uye chengeta mweya rechi18. The coloring of Ages East zvitoro vachiri kwoumbozha caravanserai Alla Kuli Khan.

Kudzokera ikoko

For zvishande kutandara pane nzvimbo huru - Khiva, Uzbekistan. How kusvika kunzvimbo iyi zvinoshamisa? Airport Its muguta, saka vashanyi kuuya vainyanya kubva Urgench. Pano kubhururuka zvakananga voos dzendege zhinji muna Russia. Visa vashanyi Russian havadi, kuenda Khiva anogona kutora tekisi, iyo mari vari chisingakoshi chaizvo, kana mubhazi. Urgench kubva Khiva ndiyo 34 chete? Km. In Uzbekistan, tsime yakasimbiswa nzvimbo mabasa, saka unogona kutenga nyore kushanyira pamwe kuchinjirwa kubva Urgench, Bukhara uye Tashkent. Pane Tours mumaguta akawanda enyika Silk Road.

Things kuita

Uzbekistan, Khiva zvikurukuru, inopa mikana yakasiyana-siyana kuti varaidzo. Guta rine nhamba kunonakidza mamiziyamu, izvi zvinosanganisira: Craft Museum, apo unogona kuona zvibereko mhizha, jewelers, vaumbi, varuki, uye dzimwe nyanzvi nemhizha; Museum of Zvakarurama Art uye Life, apo unogona kuona zvinhu kushandiswa nezuva vanhu vomunguva yekare; Khorezm munhoroondo Museum, ibhuku rakasiyana wemabhuku zvakawanikwa pakuchera matongo.

Kuuya Khiva, iva nechokwadi kuti kuedza National chili, kunyanya sezvo pane zvose mamiriro ezvinhu izvi. Kune vakawanda nderechokwadi zvokudya nehoro, apo unogona ravira chaiye Uzbek manti, samsa, pilaf, Shurpa. Khiva vagara inozivikanwa ayo mazambiringa, iyo yave nyaya ekisipoti mumazuva ekare eRoma, uye zvachose inokosha wekuedza hivanskie manwiwa kuti vane mouthwatering kuravira.

Free nguva inogona vakazvipira kuna Khiva yepakutanga kunotenga, unogona kutenga chinhu kujairika omunharaunda Ceramics, mbatya emarudzi, mudenga, zvishongo.