The Great Silk Road - hwekare nevezvokutengeserana

Munhau pane mishumo kuwanda migwagwa yekare kuti vanoshumira vanhu. For zvenhoroondo nzira vaiva mauto makuru uye maguta iri munzira vakarwiswa (uye dzimwe nguva vaiva vavengi pachavo). In yorunyararo, mugwagwa wekare kuizwi tsika, zvematongerwo enyika uye vezvokutengeserana upenyu hwakasiyana inoti.

The Great Silk Road anonzi kupfuura rakakurumbira uye chinokosha munyika. Izvi nevezvokutengeserana vakaumba "trine", iro zvakabatanidzwa yeAtlantic, Indian uye Pacific Ocean. Izvi "Mugwagwa" guru akayambuka Eurasia. Zvakabatana muMediterranean kuFar East.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti Silk Road kwaidhura kwete chete, kana kunyange kwegadziriro dzaishandiswa pakutengeserana. Akaita sechinhu tsika uye zvoupfumi Bridge kunzwisisa pakati ndima West uye East, izvo zvine vanhu, kuedza kuti yakawiriranwa pamwe uye murunyararo coexistence. Somuenzaniso, the Great Silk Road muKazakhstan (kana kuenda kumabvazuva kubva kumavirira) vakabva Tashkent kuburikidza Turbat (Pass) mu Isfidzhab (Sairam). zita reguta racho kwakasvika mazuva edu. Saka ainzi musha pedyo Shymkent, muzinda inova dzasara Ages nhare. guta rino rakanga dzaimboonekwa rimwe nzvimbo kupfuura Silk Road. Aivigirwa kubva Isfidzhab michena, varanda, simbi, minondo nezvimwe zvombo, mhangura.

Nyanzvi dzemazuva ano vanodavira kuti Guru Silk Road akazviratidza akapoteredza 2nd remakore BC. e. Panyaya iyi, zita yacho akatanga zvikuru gare gare, muzana remakore rechi19. Shoko rokuti "Great Silk Road" akazviratidza kushandiswa sayenzi anyora muna 1877, Richthofen (dzakaitika wokuGermany uye mufambi) kushanda "China". Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti kusvika panguva ino mugwagwa chainzi índico Western Way. Zvisinei, vezvesayenzi kushandisa izwi akapinda, ari Richthofen.

Maererano nhoroondo uchapupu, Emperor Wu Di China vakatuma nhume muna 138 BC. e. kuti vatsvake vatsigiri vari kurwisa ngwizhingwi Hun madzinza yakaparadza kuchamhembe Chinese ndima. Ambassador Chzhan Tsyan Ndadzoka kubva rwendo zvose kuudzwa paakashanyira Central Asia. Mambo China yakagamuchirawo mashoko pamusoro zvikuru yokuita dzaishandiswa pakutengeserana. Vakazoudza kuva hwaro Silk Road.

Pazuva zvokutengeserana uye mukutsinhana kuvhiyiwa pakati Central maguta Asian, uye China Mashoko kunyanya Chinese yaMakoronike kubva 1. BC. e. 7-8 emakore. n. e. The tanga mabhuku nezvokutambudzika donative zvinopiswa kutungamirirwa paakaenda mumuzinda Central nharaunda Asian.

Sezvo kuenda nokusimbaradza wezvokutengeserana ukama pakati China uye maguta Central Asian pamusoro nguva. Nerimwe gore kubva paakaenda dare akatora chengoro hapana asingasviki shanu kumavirazuva, achiperekedzwa mazana nevarindi. Akatakurwa simbi zvigadzirwa, sirika. Vakatsinhanisa nokuti nekorari, namabhiza, nejedhi, siyana Central Asian zvinhu. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti zvigadzirwa China vave mu kudiwa munyika dzakasiyana. Unique sirika micheka vakanga mutengo muPezhia uye rinoti iro kumavirira nawo.

16 remakore Kunoonekwa nevamwe kwakaderera nemugwagwa ukama pakati Central maguta Asian, uye China. Kazhinji izvi zvakakonzerwa Panovhurwa gungwa migwagwa, yakawedzera kupesana feudal muvanhu, nokurwa Rivers Seven. Akarwarisa sezvo noukama pakati inoti muna Safavid Iran uye Central Asian nyika Sheibanids. Somugumisiro, zvakatanga nomusiyano kuderera pamusoro karavhani kutengeserana.

Muzana remakore rechi19 pfungwa Europe chakatorwa kurutivi Turkestan. Nepo Szolkowy Way rava yezvechitendero. Kechipiri mugwagwa iyi yakawanikwa netsaona somugumisiro mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu enyika.

Silk Road matongo tsvakurudzo rakatanga muna 1900. Zvisinei, pashure yatanga munyika kudzidza rakaguma.