Vagari veCroatia. Chitendero, mutauro, tsanangudzo shoma yenyika

Croatia ndiyo nyika yevatasvi vemhenderekedzo yeAdriatic. Muchikamu chino tichataura nemashoko akawanda pamusoro pehuwandu hweCroatia, mutauro wayo uye zvinhu.

Rudzi rwei nyika iyi?

Croatia inowanikwa kumaodzanyemba kweCentral Europe. Yakapoteredzwa neSlovenia, Serbia, Bosnia uye Herzegovina, Montenegro. Rutivi rwamavirazuva runoshambidzwa neAriatic Sea. Nharaunda yeCroatia is 56 542 square kilometer. Mukuwedzera kune imwe nyika, nyika ine zvitsuwa zvinopfuura chiuru. Krk, Cres, Brac, Hvar, Pag ndiyo yakawanda.

Vasati vasununguka muna 1991, Croatia yaiva chikamu cheYugoslavia. Iye zvino iri republic yakasununguka ine fomu yeparamende yehurumende. Croatia inhengo yemasangano akawanda, kusanganisira UN, European Union, NATO, OSCE. Peji mari muCroatia inonzi kunami, mari ndeye lindens.

Guta guru uye guru pane Zagreb. Pakati pemaguta makuru munewo Osijek, Rijeka, Split. Munguva ichangopfuura hurumende inobudirira inokurudzira kukwanisa kwayo kutarisa, ichipa vafambi zvose zvekugadzira uye zvisikwa zvezvisikwa. Iko kune mapoka makumi maviri nemaviri emasikirwo emunharaunda munyika, uyewo nemaguta mazhinji ane midzi midzire uye zvivako.

Vagari veCroatia

Nhamba yevagari munyika ino inenge mamiriyoni 4.3. Nehuwandu hwevanhu, nyika inotora nzvimbo 120 pane imwe nyika. 51% yevanhu veCroatia inomiririrwa nevakadzi. Mukureva kwehuwandu, nyika iri panzvimbo 94, pamakiromita imwe chete kune 79 vanhu.

Ivhareji yekutarisira upenyu ndeye makore makumi manomwe nemakumi mashanu. Croatia ndiyo yakanyanyogadzirwa pakati penyika dzaimbova chikamu cheYugoslavia. Zvisinei, hupfumi hwehurumende huchiri kubudirira pashure pehondo muna 1991. Nokudaro, nyika ine uwandu hwehuwandu hwehuwandu hwemabasa, i17%. Mharaunda yehuwandu inenge 60%.

Croatia ndiyo inoshandiswa-inyika yegungwa. Asi maererano nekushingaira kusimbisa hutungamiri, huwandu hwehuwandu hwevanhu (53%) hunoshanda mubato rebasa. Vanenge makumi matatu kubva muzana yevanhu vanobatanidzwa munharaunda yemabhizimisi, uye 17% chete yevanhu vanobatanidzwa mune zvekurima.

Maitiro akasiyana-siyana, chitendero, mutauro

Vagari veCroatia vanosiyana mune zvemadzinza, 90% yevagari varo ndivo vaCroats. Ivo vanomiririra vagari vomunharaunda, imwe yematavi eSlavs ezasi, ayo akagara nharaunda yemazuva ano enyika muzana remakore rechinomwe. Nokuti kuonekwa kwevanhu ava kunoratidzwa nekukura kukuru uye mutsvuku wemvere. Croats tsvuku uye vhudzi-vhudzi haawanzoitiki.

VeSerbia vanomiririra nyika huru kune vashoma. Nhamba yavo inenge 190 mamiriyoni. Kazhinji vanogara muLika, Gorski Kotar uye Slavonia. ICzechs inonyanya kunyanya kuDaruvar, maItaly muIstria. Vaya vasara voruzhinji vanogara munyika yose. Ndivo maBosnia, vaHungari, maGypsies, Germans, Slovenes, Albania.

Croatian neChirat alphafabheti pachikonzero ndiyo yakasununguka. Mukuwedzera kuneCroatia, vagari venyika vakawanda vanotaurawo Chirungu, ChiGerman, ChiItaly. Vakawanda vehuwandu vanozviti Katurike. Inenge 5% yevagari vemuOrthodox, sezvo vanhu vazhinji vasingatendi Mwari. Inenge 2% maPurotesitendi nevaMuslim.

Serbian kana Croatian?

Mutauro weCroatia unozivikanwa kwete chete kuCroatia. Panzvimbo yehurumende, yakagamuchirwa muBosnia neHerzegovina, Serbian Vojvodina, uyewo muAustria federal state yeBurgenland. Iyi ndeimwe yemitauro yakarongeka muEuropean Union. Nhamba yevatauri pairi inopfuura mamiriyoni 6 evanhu.

Croatian ndiyo yeboka remitauro yeSlavic. Wepedyo kwaari ndeyeSerbian, Montenegrin neBosnia. Iko kune mitauro mikuru mikuru yeCroatia, iyo inowanikwa mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzenyika. Vanhu vazhinji havaoni mutsauko pakati pavo. Iko chaizvoizvo yakafanana chaizvo, uye vagari vemunyika mbiri dzeBalkan vachanzwisisana nyore nyore mune 90% emhosva. Misiyano yezvinyorwa yakabva, seSerbian version, paStockman dialect. Kunyange zvakadaro, norurimi rweSerbia, ane maverengerwo emagiramu uye maonero akasiyana.

Kwenguva yakareba, pakanga pasina rurimi rumwe chete munharaunda yehurumende, panguva imwe chete pakanga pane mitauro mitatu yakanyora iyo yakabva paChechi yeSlavonic kana mune dzimwe dzinyorwa dzeCroatia. Muzana remakore rechi19, sarudzo yakagadzirwa yekubatanidza mutauro pamwe neshoko reSerbia. Munyaya iyi, panzvimbo yeCyrillic, Croats inogamuchira chiLatin alphabet. Muzana remakore rechimakumi maviri, chiito chekushingaira chiri kuendeswa kudarika mutauro weCroatia. Zvizhinji zveeologist zvinotangwa.

Kurasikirwa kwakakosha zvikuru kwakabatsira kuvhara kwevanhu vekumaruwa. Saka, mumitauro yakagamuchirwa yemitauro yakararama yevanhu vomunharaunda yakatangwa. Kwenguva yakawanda, hurumende, yakatungamirirwa naTito Broz, yakaedza kuita nemaune mutauro wemitauro miviri, ichida sarudzo huru yeSerbo Croatian. Kwemazuva mazhinji haana kurega, uye pakupedzisira Croatia zvakare yakatora chikoro chekudzivirira kuzvimiririra mutauro netsika.

Mhedziso

I Republic of Croatia ndeimwe yenyika dzeBalkan Peninsula. Kusvikira muna 1991, yaiva chikamu cheYugoslavia, pamwe neSerbia, Montenegro nedzimwe nyika dzeBalkan. Ruzhinji rwehuwandu huri zvizvarwa zvechizvarwa. 10% chete yevagari vese vanobva kune vanyoro vemarudzi, kunyanya kubva kunyika dzakapoteredza. Pasinei nokufananidzwa nehurumende dzakapoteredza, Croatia ine chivimbo ine rusununguko rwayo, nyika, mutauro uye zvekunamata.