Dambudziko rekusurukirwa munharaunda "Master naMargarita" Bulgakov

Muverengi mumwe nomumwe ane "bhaibheri" rake. M. A. Bulgakov akapa vanhu mimwe miitiro inogona kutora nzvimbo yakadaro. Chokutanga pane zvose, muverengi anouya mupfungwa mupano "Master na Margarita".

Kusurukirwa semhepo iyo heroes inofema

Kusurukirwa ndiyo chokwadi chekutanga chekuvapo kwevanhu. Vanhu vanoberekwa vari voga, rufuwo chinhu chisina kusimba. Uye kana iwe ukanyatsotaura zvakananga, ipapo hupenyu hwomunhu hahugoni kugoverwa nemunhu. Iwe unogona kubudirira kuroorana kana kuroorwa, kubereka boka revana, asi mumvura yakadzika yemweya wako kuti uve wakakwana zvakakwana.

Zvinoratidzika kuti izvi ndizvo chaizvo izvo Bulgakov akaratidza mubhuku rake risingaori. Vazhinji vevanhu vake vanonyanya kusurukirwa: Woland, Pirato, Yeshua, Ivan Bezdomny, Master, Margarita. Kusurukirwa kwavo kune zvakasikwa zvokuti havazvioni.

Kuenzanisira kuti dambudziko rekusurukirwa mumunyori "The Master and Margarita" rinoratidzwa, tichafamba muchirongwa chedu kubva kune imwe hero kuenda kune imwe.

Woland

Satani anogona here kuva nevakabatana kana vashandi? Uye pamwe shamwari? Kwete kwete. Anotongerwa kuva oga. Pakutanga kwenhau, M. A. Berlioz anobvunza "Consultant": "Purofesa, wakasvika kwatiri chete here kana nemudzimai wako?" Kuna Woland anopindura kuti: "Mumwe, mumwe, ini nguva dzose ndiri ndoga". Panguva imwecheteyo, "purofesa wemashiripiti" angave akadaro akasurukirwa mukuenzanisa nemamwe masimba, hongu, nekuda kwekudzoka kwake. Kubva kune kambani iyi isingazivikanwi haibvi nemanzwiro anorwadza ekuora mwoyo, zvichida nokuti akazosvika kuMoscow, kwete nekuda kwekunakidzwa, asi kuti aponese Tenzi uye kupa bhora kune "Rimwe Amadzimambo Mazana".

Tinofanira kusimudzira pane urongwa uhwu, sezvo hovha yegore negore inogona kuitika kune rimwe guta muguta rose, asi kuMoscow kuma1930s harina kusarudzwa nechiitiko, asi chaizvoizvo nokuti paiva naTenzi uye nhoroondo yake pamusoro paPondiyo Pirato. Iyi ndiyo mifananidzo yaWoland mumutauro wehurukuro inoti "Dambudziko rekusurukirwa mumutauro" Master na Margarita. "

Pondiyo Pirato

NaPirato, zvakare, zvose zvakajeka kubva pakutanga, anovengwa naJeshalaim. Ane shungu. Chisikwa choga chaanobatanidza imbwa yake Banga. Mutongi anoshuva kufa nekuda kwekusagadzikana musoro musoro. Aizowana zororo, asi kwete, tinofanira kubvunzurudza vamwe vagabond. Maererano nenhema, akatsiura vanhu kuti vaparadze temberi.

Zvadaro izvi zvinoshamisa zvinoporesa mutongi uye zvinotaura kwaari sevanhu vashomanana vanozvibvumira. Pasinei neizvi, hegemonji yakagadzirira kurega "wefilosofi", asi pano inowanikwa kuti Yeshua ane mhosva yemhosva yehurumende. Nomutemo, mutongi anofanira kumuroverera musununguri wake, nokuti hapana chinhu chinotyisa kupfuura mhosva yaKesari.

Pirato anoita zvose zvaanokwanisa kuti adzivirire njodzi, asi, nhamo, zvaanoita hazvina maturo. Munguva yenyaya, kuchinja kwemweya kunoitika. Anochinja zvisingazivikanwi uye anoona kuti chaizvoizvo vagabond avo veSanihedrini vakanga vasingadi kukanganwira ndeyepedyo naye saBanga, kunyange zvazvo pasina zvikonzero zvine musoro zveizvi. Dambudziko rekusurukirwa munyaya inoti "Master naMargarita" Bulgakov hazvifungidziki pasina chimiro chaPondiyo Pirato.

Iye angangodaro ari mumwe chete unosuruvarisa chimiro munharaunda. Uye kunze kwaro, kuumbwa kwaizove nechiso chakasiyana zvachose uye zvakadzika zvakasiyana. Zvose zvinoshungurudza zvinotevera: mwedzi wemwedzi, kusuruvara, kusafa - hapana, kana ichienzaniswa nenguva apo Pirato akarasikirwa neshamwari yake chete - Yeshua.

Apo musoro wekuti "Dambudziko rekusurukirwa munyaya ino" Tenzi naMargarita "inoratidzirwa nekutaura kusuruvara. Zvinosuruvarisa, hapana chinoshanduka kunyange kana chinosvika pakuguma kwaIvan Bezdomny

Ivan Bezdomnyi

Nevanyori vanomiririra chokwadi cheSoviet chenyika, zvinhu zvose zvakaoma. Kusurukirwa kwavo kunowanzoonekwa mumamiriro ezvinhu akareba-mamiriro-ehu humwe huripo huripo, apo hupenyu hunosvika pamiganhu yayo (rufu kana madenga).

Saka zvakaitika kune munyori wenhetembo I. Bezdomny, uyo oga muchipatara chepfungwa akaziva kuti upenyu hwake hwaive hwakaipa kare sei. Ichokwadi, chimiro chaIvan Bezdomny, imwe nzira kana imwe, inosuruvarisa - upenyu hwakazarurirwa kwaari chokwadi pamusoro pokusava nemusha kwake, asi haana kupa chairo. Hapana tariro yokuti Ivan aponeswe.

Vanhu vanonyanya kutaurwa

Mudzidzisi naMargarita ndivo chete vevanhu vane nhau dzinoguma zvakanaka, asi kwete muchokwadi ichi, asi mune "imwe nyika." Kana iwe ukasunungura nyaya iyi kubva kune rudo romukomana, zvinoreva kuti yaiva kusurukirwa kwakavamanikidza mukati memumwe.

Murume waMargarita haasi munharaunda (iye aripo mumashoko ake), asi muverengi anonzwisisa kuti, zvichida, murume wake anonyangadza, kusvikira zvinyoro zvinoshanda uye akangwara mumamiriro emhuri kana ezvokutengeserana, ndicho chikonzero mukadzi wacho aida kufamba.

Tenzi iyewo ari munhu akasurukirwa. Haana chinhu kunze kwechirivha uye nhoroondo pamusoro paPondiyo Pirato, uye anoda rudo rwemukadzi akanaka pane imwe. Zvisinei, nekuda kwekuti vaviri vacho havana mari zvachose, rudo rukuru chete runovachengetedza pamwe chete, uye pamwe kutya kuti vadzokere kune yavo yakazara uye yakakwana yoga. Muzvizhinji, zvakaoma kutaura zvakananga kana pane rudo pakati pavo. Dai zvaiva, zvinofanira kunge zvichirwara uye zvichisimudza, asi kutya kwekuga kwakange kwakafanana. Zvinopera kuti dambudziko rekusurukirwa munyaya inoti "Master naMargarita" Bulgakov vanovanza kunyange apo rudo pakutanga ruchiri kurarama.

Tenzi akachinja pfungwa dzake chaizvo nokuti haana kukwanisa kutarisana nemutoro wekutarisira uye zvishuwo zvisina kuzadzika. Iye akanyanya kuverengwa pane inoverengeka, pamabhuku ake, uye basa rakasangana nekutsoropodza, iro rakavhara nzira yake kuenda kuchiedza.

Mudzidzisi haakwanise kutambudza Margarita. "Chikepe che rudo chakarambana nehupenyu." Asi, Tenzi aingova nehana, asi ipapo Woland akauya ndokugadzirisa zvinhu zvose. Ichokwadi, kunyange simba rake rakanga risina kukwana kupa vanoponeswa muhupenyu huno, uye kwete mune imwe.

Roman Bulakov's novel ibasa rakawanda

Saizvozvowo, matambudziko emunyowa "Master naMargarita" haasi kungogumira kumusoro wekusurukirwa. Tarenda yemunyori ndeyekuti muverengi haagoni kutaura nechivimbo kuti chii chiri musoro mukuru wemunyori uyu unoshamisa: kana iri "Evhangeri yaMikhail Bulgakov" (zita rebhuku raAlexander Zerkalov), uye naizvozvo nyaya dzechitendero mairi dzinogara munzvimbo huru. Kana kuti zvimwe chinhu chikuru ndechekunyengedzwa kunorwisana neSoviet chaiyo?

Nhoroondo yezvinhu zvose panguva imwe chete, uye kwete kuputsa kuvimbika kwebasa remifananidzo, zviri nani kuti tisapatsanurana kuva mamolekemu uye zvikamu. Iyi ingangodaro mhinduro yakajairika kumubvunzo wezvinetso zveiyano "Master na Margarita".

Philosophy sechiratidzo chemashure makuru

Zvinowanzogamuchirwa kuti uzivi chinhu chinokuvadza uye unogara pane imwe nzvimbo mukati memasvingo ezvidzidzo. Kune imwe yerufu inofa, izvi zvose hazvisvikiki. Uyu ndiwo pfungwa huru uye yakashata ye "rudo rweuchenjeri." Ichokwadi, muhupenyu hwemunhu mumwe nomumwe (uye kunyanya zvakadaro kumuenzi) pane nguva inofungidzira pamusoro paMwari, mugumo, kusurukirwa kwevanhu. Kazhinji mabasa akadaro akaoma kunyora, ivo zvakaoma kuverenga, asi vanopa zvakawanda kumunhu. Zvisikwa zvakadaro ndizvo zvakasiyana-siyana zvose mumutauro weRussia uye mumasikirwo enyika, saka nyaya yenyaya yacho inogona kufungidzira sezvinoti: "Dambudziko rekusurukirwa mu ...". Tenzi naMargarita vakasarudzwa kwete, nokuti izvi zvinyorwa uye bhuku pamusoro pavo zvinonakidzwa nekududzirwa kukuru pakati peRussia dzemazuva ano.

Kurt Vonnegut naMikhail Bulgakov: maonero maviri pamusoro pedambudziko rekusurukirwa

Kurt Vonnegut, pamwe chete nechekare, hupenyu hwake hwose "huri kurwara" nechinetso chekusurukirwa uye akaedza kuzvigadzirisa nenzira yake. Somuenzaniso, mubhuku "Balagan, kana Kuguma kwekusurukirwa", akakoka vanhu vose kuti vabatane nemhuri kuitira kuti pave pasina munhu mumwe chete akasurukirwa munyika (nokuda kwezvakadzama, muverengi anogona kureva mavambo). Mune mamwe mabhuku ezvinyorwa zvake, American classic akanyora pamusoro pezvinotevera: hupenyu hwemunhu huri kurwisana nekusurukirwa nguva dzose.

Ndinofunga Bhabakov angadai akabvumirana neizvi, asi vangadai vasina kubvumirana panyaya yekukunda kusurukirwa. Maererano nerano redu, kusurukirwa (mu "Master naMargarita" kunooneka zvakajeka) hakusi kusinganzwisisiki, zvinosuruvarisa uye zvisingaitiki kune munhu. K. Vonnegut anotarisawo munhu uye tarisiro yake kune tariro yakawanda, iyo isingagoni asi kufara. Kana kamwe kamwe vanhu vanokunda udyire hwavo uye vanonzwisisa kuti "isu tose tiri hama", kureva, tariro yekukunda kusurukirwa. Ichokwadi, kuva akatendeseka, zvinoratidzika sechishamiso.