Vakarufahli - nayo ... sei chibvumirano kuti ita mutengano dzokugara, motokari kana nyika

Chimwe chezvinhu zvakafanana kwema pakati vagari munhu ita mutengano chibvumirano. Izvi zvinogona kuva kupanana Real Estate, uye kuchinjana zvimwe zvinhu zviduku. Chokwadi, mumwe chibvumirano chakadaro rinoshandiswa pakati pamutemo masangano. Mitemo vaigadzirira nokusaina pamusoro gwaro iri hunodzorwa yevagari mitemo weRussia.

Kusiyana mitemo yapfuura

The Civil Code of RSFSR, ichishanda kusvikira kuitwa pakati Code parizvino iri simba, kufufutirwa pfungwa chesungano pakati ita mutengano chete nyaya imwe. In itsva mitemo ita mutengano (motokari, zvivako kana zvimwe zvinhu) hunodzorwa Nyaya shanu, vatsva gadziriro awedzera kare chinoshayikwa.

Saka, asati pamutemo hukama kunobva Exchange, nokudzorwa Article 255. In payo, zvikurukuru, akati kuti somugumisiro chesungano pasi kukurukurwa pakati vechikamu ane kupanana imwe pfuma kune mumwe. Civil RSFSR mitemo kuti MENE kushandisa mitemo akawanda Dare kutengeswa. Mutori wechikamu unopinda nechibvumirano pakati ita mutengano dzokugara kana zvimwe panguva ndiyo nyaya mutengesi, yaakapa, uye mutengi chinhu kuti wakapfuurira uridzi. Mukuwedzera, kuwanda nyaya vaiona chibvumirano kwave apora nokuti kuti mumamiriro ezvinhu umo bato (kana zvose) chiri pachena sangano, zvaigona kuitwa chete nyaya zvakajeka vakaisa pasi muparamende.

pfungwa

Chii ita mutengano? Tsanangudzo iyi enshrined mu Article 567 kubva Civil Code. Pasi pfungwa iri pasi vaviri mabasa vechikamu ukama ichi, kuti kubvisa zvimwe pfuma kubva imwe pati chimwe kuti chero pfuma achichinjana. Panyaya iyi, shoko rokuti "zvimwe" riri tsanangudzo iyi rikashandiswa kaviri. kokutanga zvinoreva kuti nyaya chibvumirano, ndiko kuti, kuna vechikamu kechipiri - chinhu.

Kuwedzera kune nyaya tsanangudzo, shoko rokuti "Exchange kwenhumbi" rinowanikwa normative chiito yokudzora vehurumende nomutemo ukama, sezvo wenyaya yacho 502. zvazvingava Izvi rwakazvitsaurira chete mumwe zvichibvira zvaitika zvakawanda kuitika panguva kutengeswa kunze chikafu nhumbi.

Tsanangudzo swap chibvumirano, yakatangwa huripo kare code rakasiyana pfungwa, nokududza chibvumirano nhasi. Naizvozvo, vamwe mashoko vashambadzirane nyika kana zvimwe chinhu chiri chetsika uye rinoenderana mutemo yekare, yakakanganiswa. Pfungwa chesungano pakati ita mutengano mu GC iri utsva.

Mena mu dzimba ukama

The kupanana pfuma akadai pekugara, ndizvo dzevagari ukama chinokosha. Vakarufahli Apartments kana zvimwe zvivako hunodzorwa mitemo yeRussian redzimba. In tsika, chinjanai ichi zvinoitwa masangano kushandiswa, masangano, kunyange rinogona kuitwa pasina chinhu. The dzemunharaunda of redzimba mitemo anoratidza kuti mushandirwi uye kurarama naye chiso anogona kuita kupanana mudzimba dzavo mumwe zvake yakasiyana mushandirwi. nzira iyi inogona kuitwa pakati penhengo redzimba cooperatives. Panyaya iyi, kodzero dzakadaro kuchitsinhanisa haagarimo mumwe musha, kureva mapato kuti chibvumirano ararame mumaguta akasiyana, uye zvinhu ukuwo, zvinogona kunge munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana. Maitiro uye mitemo pasi izvo aiziva ita mutengano pfuma, akaisa muna Housing Code.

Dzenhema kushandiswa rokuti

Zvinokosha kuziva kuti vakawanda vanozviti Exchange nemahofisi uchishanda Russia nhasi uyo zvichipomerwa vakachinjanisa pakati akasiyana dzimwe mari nokuda rubles Russian. Zvisinei, kutaura zvazviri, kwacho havasi Mena uye vaiona okutengesa. Chinhu bedzi anogona kunzi kwandiri, ichi chinhu chakajairika tsika Munguva ichangopfuura exchange yekare Banknotes vemamwe mari kuvatsva kubvumirana kuti nokushanda ichi mumwe basa.

Pokushandisa mitemo kutengeswa

Nepo Chapter of Civil Code, vakazvitsaurira uye pakutsvaga chibvumirano kuti ita mutengano zvivako kana chinjwa pfuma akawana kuti kwachiri zvimwe mitemo pakutengeswa kungashandiswa panguva imwechete rinojekesa kuti mitemo yakadaro havadikanwi kuti zvaipesana chino uye zvavo kuti dhigirii ita mutengano. Somuenzaniso, izvi zvinogona kunzi kune nyaya kuti zvinoda kuripwa chero chigadzirwa kana chinokosha. Zvinozivikanwa kuti adzikinure hazvirevi kana aine mari Masvomhu. The chete Kunze ndiwo mamiriro ezvinhu umo mugove pfuma zvinhu izvo yakasiyana mutengo. Zvadaro, maererano, zviri pasi kubhadharisa ari mutengo.

chinokosha mutengapwe

Anosimbisa mitemo mukana kushandisa kuti MENE mitemo yacho sale, nokuda kufanana ukama izvi. Mena uyewo vachitenga uye kutengesa, zviri sechinhu chinokosha mutengapwe. Zvisinei, kupararira hakusi kukuru. Izvi imhaka nematambudziko akasiyana-siyana zvakafanana kana kuita chibvumirano, uye ayo kuurayiwa. Mamwe zvinhu vanoitwa inopiwa muparamende mu yevagari mutemo. Pasi rinoreva zvose zvemarudzi zvinhu, asi haana kutorwa kubva vehurumende vakawanda. Kana chinhu chikawira pasi tsanangudzo iyi, unogona kuva noukama. Muenzaniso, kana pane mugove swap chibvumirano, ndiwo mamiriro ezvinhu pakati hurumende yeRussia uye Bank "Menatep", kwakaitika muna 1996. Asi vapedzisira akatambira pasuru kubva migove mumapoka mafuta akawanda, uye akabva apa hurumende rokutambudzikira musangano.

Vakarufahli. zvemitemo kuzvidzora

Unofanira kuziva kuti, pamwe zvokudya yakataurwa munyaya iri ita mutengano chibvumirano, vamwe zvokudya ukama ichi pamutemo yakagadzwa Civil Code nepfungwa murau vamwe ukama, akadai: pre-emptive kodzero kutenga, kusandura enzvimbo wadhi, mujinga pakuunganidza pfuma kodzero uye nevamwe. Kushanda kuti chibvumirano zvokudya vanoonekwa kwete chete muna Civil Code, asiwo vamwe mirayiro. Saka, pasi Competition Act, izvozvo hakubvumidzwi kuita chero chinhu, mirayiro nyaya kuti vaisimuka mitemo vamwe pamusoro Exchange, kutenga, kutengesa zvimwe zvinhu kubva nzvimbo (nharaunda, guta, uye zvichingodaro. N.) Mune imwe nharaunda.

ita mutengano kwema

Muenzaniso gwaro yokudzora kuti ita mutengano kwenhumbi, ingava yeUnited ekisipoti kusimudzirwa chirongwa, iyo yakatangwa Hurumende. Maererano gwaro iri, ita mutengano makondirakiti vakagumisa nezvavatorwa masangano yakaitwa kunze kwenyika kwose excisable zvinhu tiri mumwe zviyero upfumi dzishande. Pasi ita mutengano kondirakiti chinorehwa chibvumirano kuti ita mutengano ndiro zita anowanzoshandiswa nokuda zvavo zvinangwa, asi zvikuru saka pasango dzimwe kutengeserana.

Definition of yokumwe dzaishandiswa kuvhiyiwa munguva yanhasi iri wandei kufarira. Izwi ukama hwakadaro yakataurwa chirevo President kweRussia, rinonzi "On mamiriro murau vemamwe wezvokutengeserana ita mutengano kwema." Panguva iyoyowo dzakateerera Munhu pakarepo kuona musiyano chinokosha kubva pfungwa dzataurwa nokuda Civil Code. Maererano Chirevo pasi dzinotaurwa kwema zvakaburitswa zvibvumirano vakagumisa ari Implementation vemamwe zvokutengeserana, izvo zvinopa kuti kupanana dzakafanana zvinhu mitengo, zvigadzirwa, services uye zvimwe zvinhu. Normative gwaro pakarepo rinotaura kuti kana mari kugarwa richashandiswa panguva kuurayiwa kwema, makondirakiti uye zvibvumirano zvakadaro hakuzoitiki ita mutengano.

Essential mamiriro ezvinhu ita mutengano kwema

In chiito pamutemo uyu kazhinji ainzi zvinhu vashambadzirane kwema. Akadaro zvavo uye hapana chinoratidza muna Civil Code. Chirevo President inoreva bilateral ita mutengano chibvumirano ita mutengano, panguva imwecheteyo zvinoda kutsunga kuti zvinokosha ezvinhu chibvumirano, izvo semunhu:

• mari neimwe chairema chigadzirwa, ayo, uwandu uye siyana, mashoko uye mamiriro ezvinhu imupota, ekisipoti;
• mazita mabasa, mabasa, njere pfuma, mutengo, deadlines, uye nguva mabasa akadai kana mabasa, nguva kutapurirana kodzero migumisiro rezvedzidzo basa;
• Nyora magwaro kuti achaiswa hwakatamisirwa Russian divi pachishandiswa izvo risimbiswe ndechokuti maitiro mabasa kana mabasa, kodzero kune njere pfuma.

Mapato kuti chibvumirano kuti ita mutengano kutengesa kwema - ndiye Russian sangano uye vatorwa.

Prices uye mari

The Civil Code anovagarisa adaro utongi chokuita kuti hunyambiri pfungwa pachinhu kuti zvekushandisa kurutivi nyaya kondirakiti. Muchiitiko chokutanga, kwemitemo zvinoshanda pfuma Exchange, kufanana mutengo, wechipiri, mitemo kutsanangura mari mukutsinhana dzisakarurama zvinhu.

The muparamende yokuti nhumbi vakatsinhanisa munokosha vakaenzana. Zvisinei, sungano kunobvira mimwe ezvinhu akawanda akapinda pakati mapato. Vakwikwidzi vari kutengeserana kodzero kubva murugwaro kwomurayiro, kusanganisira Somuenzaniso, munyika ita mutengano nyika kana zvimwe zvinhu zvayo chisarudzo pamusoro sei kuchinjwa vachaitwa pamusoro vakatsinhanisa pfuma sezvo vachanzi reimbursed mari. Murayiro hauna wairambidza kureva zvakadaro mari vachikanganisa kunyoresa zita zvinyorwa nokuda yokufambisa. Izvi zvinogona kunzi, uye kunyoresa chesungano pakati ita mutengano. In tsika kuchinja, izvo rinoitwa pakati vagari, vanhuwo pfungwa, umo mari kupinda nokugamuchira zvarinoroora chepfuma mumaoko mubato uyo anoenda. Dzimwe nguva vagari kugoverana mari idzi hafu.

Muripo nokuti kusaenzanirana

In avo ezvinhu apo nhumbi vakatsinhanisa dzisakarurama zvakaderera, ipapo, Chokwadi, munyika vechikamu vanogamuchira chinhu anodhura, izvozvo anosungirwa kubhadhara musiyano wayo counterparty. Zvisinei, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti yakadaro muwedzero kunogona kuitwa zvokusarudza mune mari. Mapato kodzero mukudenga chibvumirano uye nedzimwe nzira surcharges, dzimwe hurongwa muripo. Somuenzaniso, kana zvimwe ari chibvumirano kuti ita mutengano motokari kune imwe motokari, asi zvinodhura, vadzidzi vari kutengeserana kubvumirana kuti mamwe muripo vachaitwa mune mari uye vanogona kubvumirana pane muripo Somuenzaniso, handingadariki nhengo kana dzimwe pfuma.

Terms zvokutsinhanisa

The muparamende hazvirevi kumisa chaiwo anoreva kuti kupanana pfuma. Zvikurukuru, mamiriro ezvinhu akadaro hazvisi kushanda simultaneity uye kuchinjwa pfuma nemapoka acho. Mumwe Bato anogona kureva fuma nhasi, mumwe pashure imwe nguva inotaurwa nokuda chibvumirano. Zvisinei, kurutivi rworudyi wokutanga uchatamisa pfuma, vanodzivirirwa mutemo. Kunyanya, kudzivirirwa zvido kumapati dzakadaro hunodzorwa nokutonga 328 of Civil Code. Nyaya ino inotsanangura mamiriro ezvinhu ayo okutanga bato anogona kumisa mabasa ayo mutoro kana kubvisa kuita kwakadaro, uye kuwedzera zvose, uye vanoda nekuripira kukuvadza. ezvinhu akadaro anosanganisira kukundikana counterparty chokupika sungiro, uyewo ose ezvinhu, izvo zvinogona zvakananga kunongedzera kuti wakadaro sungiro rwazadziswa munguva haazovanzwiri.

uridzi

Vakarufahli - ichi ndechimwe inobvira hwaro kodzero .. An chinhu, chinhu, etc. Sezvo kupanana yesangano, asi, pamusoro kuurayiwa nokuda vaviri pakumanikidzwa kwavo pasi chibvumirano kuti ita mutengano, ndipo panouya muridzi wenyika zvinhu anobudiswa. Panguva iyo muparamende anobvumira mapato kuisa mamwe mamiriro kuona kana kuti kuchinja uye chidzoke kodzero iyi.